焊接无头轧制技术

阐明近几年开发出来的一种高效、低成本焊接无头轧制新技术,它包括无头轧制和焊接多块小方坯轧制二种技术,并对闪光焊机和二种焊接轧制的优缺点、经济效益和可行性进行了分析和比较 ,表明这是一种改变现有轧制生产方式的一种重大革新。     

The use and evaluation of yield models in integrated circuitmanufacturing

The development and refinement of net-die-per-wafer yield models during the past 25 years are reviewed, and the models are tested for accuracy by comparison with actual yield data from seven separate chip companies. Depending on chip size, the more accurate models are the Poisson and the negative binomial. Several models for line yields in wafer fabrication are also covered. For predicting yields of larger-die-area very large-scale integration, the negative binomial model is the more accurate, but its use many require experimental determination of alpha, sometimes called the cluster parameter, versus chip area for the particular process and factory environment of interest. How an Insystems holographic wafer inspection machine can aid this process is described. Financial payback calculations for cleaner processing machines and experience curve effects on yields are also discussed     

Intracerebral hemorrhage after carotid endarterectomy: incidence, contribution to neurologic morbidity, and predictive factors

PURPOSE: With a diminishing rate of cardiac and neurologic events after carotid endarterectomy, intracerebral hemorrhage is gaining increasing importance as a cause of perioperative morbidity and mortality. To date, information has been largely anecdotal, and there has been no comparison with a control group of patients. METHODS: The records of all patients experiencing symptomatic intracerebral hemorrhage after carotid endarterectomy were reviewed and compared with data from 50 randomly selected patients who did not experience intracranial bleeding. Univariate analyses were performed, using the Fisher exact test for dichotomous data and the Student t test for continuous data. RESULTS: During a 6-year period, symptomatic intracranial hemorrhage developed in 11 (0.75%) of 1471 patients undergoing carotid endarterectomy, accounting for 35% of the 31 total perioperative neurologic events. Hemorrhage occurred a median of 3 days postoperatively (range, 0 to 18 days). Signs and symptoms included hypertension in all 11 patients, headache in 7 conscious patients (64%), and bradycardia in 6 patients (55%). Massive hemorrhage with herniation and death occurred in 4 patients (36%). Moderate hemorrhage developed in 5 patients (45%); 3 of these patients had partial recovery, and 2 had complete recovery. Petechial hemorrhage occurred in the remaining 2 patients (18%), 1 with partial and 1 with complete recovery. In comparison with the control group, there were no differences in respect to sex, indication for operation, smoking or diabetic history, and antiplatelet therapy or perioperative heparin management. Patients with intracranial hemorrhage were, however, younger, more frequently hypertensive, had a higher degree of ipsilateral and contralateral carotid stenosis, and had a higher rate of contralateral carotid occlusion. CONCLUSION: Intracranial hemorrhage occurs with notable frequency after carotid endarterectomy and accounts for a significant proportion of neurologic morbidity and mortality. Younger patients, hypertensive patients, and patients with severe cerebrovascular occlusive disease appear to be at greatest risk for the complication.     

Measurement of distributions of small-scale energy depositions from low-linear energy transfer particles using the superheated drop detector

We have developed a new detection method for measuring distributions of energy depositions from particles characterized by low linear energy transfers (LETs). In particular, we have developed a detection system to measure energy depositions produced by electrons and photons on nanometer scales. The detector is based upon the operational principles of the superheated drop detector (SDD). SDDs consist of tiny droplets of superheated liquid suspended within a gel-like emulsion. The SDDs in this study are fabricated using Freon-115 and a glycerol-based gel as the superheated liquid and host medium. This SDD configuration is operated as a threshold temperature-dependent detector for measuring nanoscopic distributions of energy depositions from low-LET particles. Measured results are compared to the calculated distributions of energy depositions along an electron track. A new electron track code, ESLOW3.1, is used to perform the computational study. Measurements show good agreement with computational results in the energy deposition range of 40-200 eV.     

A Sensitivity Model for Predicting Photonic Crystal Biosensor Performance

We present a model for predicting photonic crystal label-free biosensor performance based primarily on the spatial distribution of electromagnetic near fields at device resonance. To achieve maximum device sensitivity, the resonant fields can be shaped by careful choice of material and geometrical parameters. The effect of each property on the resonant mode profile, and consequently on sensor performance, is illustrated. A comparison of device sensitivity calculated by both the proposed model and direct rigorous coupled wave analysis simulation supports the validity of our model.     

Adherence in childhood diabetes: Results of a confirmatory factor analysis.

Tested the equality of the factor pattern of adherence to treatment of childhood diabetes identified by S. B. Johnson et al (see record 1988-05437-001) across 2 independent samples. Samples of 162 and 157 diabetics (aged 6–18 yrs) were studied. Factors 1–4, Exercise, Injection, Diet Type, and Eating/Testing Frequency, were confirmed. Factor 5, Diet Amount, proved to be too complex; the adherence measures comprising this factor (total calories and concentrated sweets consumed) are best treated as separate, single-indicator constructs. Results support a multivariate concept of adherence, offer insight into the nature of the components underlying diabetes adherence, and provide measurement information for reliable component estimation. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Role ambiguity, Type A behavior, and job satisfaction: Moderating effects on cardiovascular and biochemical responses associated with coronary risk.

Studied 217 male managers (mean age 44 yrs), classified as Type A (coronary-prone) or Type B (non-coronary-prone), to examine the effects of job satisfaction as a moderator between a common job stressor (role ambiguity) and coronary risk indicators. For Type A's, the results support the hypotheses that changes in ambiguity are associated with changes in blood pressure and that intrinsic job satisfaction has both a direct and moderating effect on these changes. Few similar effects were found for extrinsic job satisfaction. For Type B's, the effects on systolic blood pressure were opposite to those for type A's. It is suggested that either Type A's and Type B's differ in autonomic and cardiovascular response or that ambiguity as a stressor may have differential effects for Type A's and Type B's, indicating that their "fit" with ambiguous environments may be opposite. (53 ref) (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)