红山嘴油田稠油污水处理工艺技术研究与应用

为解决红山嘴油田稠油污水含污油密度大，粘度高，乳化严重及水温高等问题，红浅稠油处理站建成了一套400m^3/h的稠油污水处理装置，投入运行后，机组能将进口污水含油≤2000mg/L，悬浮物≤200mg/L，处理为装置总出口污水含油≤10mg/L，悬浮物≤5mg/L，达到了国家污水排放标准，该装置具有运行平稳，高效，费用较低等特点，是油田稠油污水处理的一项成功技术。     

混合型离散变量MDECP寻优方法及其在石油链传动中应用

目前,本文基于现有混合离散变量优化方法的基本思想,提出了一种改进的混合离散变量问题的试探性寻优方法,即MDECP法.该法首先对文献[2]的“有效函数”定义作了一定的改进,即进行了规一化处理和对等式约束问题建立了“缓冲区”;同时,就工程上变均匀间隔离散问题进行了讨论,从而扩大了设计范围,丰富了优化内容.其次,本文还以提出的一种新的查点原理作为收敛准则.该查点原理不是采用一般资料所介绍的利用目标函数值的次梯度信息进行查点的方法,求解局部最优解,而是利用本文所定义的“最大混合次梯度”信息进行查点寻求局部最优解.经过实例计算表明:该法大大地减少了查点数目、提高了寻优效率.最后,还对具有离散性参数的石油链传动进行了优化设计.     

换热器传热强化的管束试验研究

以铜－镍合金整体低肋管和整体内外翅片管为元件，以油－水和水－水为介质为管束换热器模拟体进行了试验研究。试验结果表明，低肋管对于油－水换热，内外翅片管对于水－水换热有着比较明显的传热强化效果。在额定工况下，低肋管油－水换热模拟体的总传热系数是光滑管模拟体的１．５９倍，可相应节省换热面积３７％，管外油流的压力降较光管降低３３％；内外翅片管水－水换热模拟体的总传热系数是光滑管的１．３１倍，可节省换热面积     

A general study of maximal robust stability regions

In the study of robust stability, the largest coefficient region of a given stable polynomial that guarantees stability preservation under perturbation of coefficients is to be determined. A general consideration including both Hurwitz and Schur polynomials is treated in this paper. For this purpose, the notion ofperturbation constant is introduced. As a consequence of our results, we also introduce a general Kharitonov-type stability test which is based on testing the stability and perturbation constant of a single polynomial.The work of C. K. Chui was supported by SDIO/1ST managed by ARO under Contract No. DAAL 03-87-K-0025, and that of H. N. Mhaskar was supported in part by the Center for Approximation Theory, Texas A&M University.     

The chi psi subunits of DNA polymerase III holoenzyme bind to single-stranded DNA-binding protein (SSB) and facilitate replication of an SSB-coated template

A complex of the chi and psi proteins is required to confer resistance to high levels of glutamate on the DNA polymerase III holoenzyme-catalyzed reaction (Olson, M., Dallmann, H. G., and McHenry, C. (1995) J. Biol. Chem. 270, 29570-29577). We demonstrate that this salt resistance also requires templates to be coated with the Escherichia coli single-stranded DNA-binding protein (SSB). We show that this is the result of a direct chipsi-SSB interaction that is strengthened approximately 1000-fold when SSB is bound to DNA. On model oligonucleotide templates, DNA polymerase III core is inhibited by SSB. We show that the minimal polymerase assembly that will synthesize DNA on SSB-coated templates is polymerase III-tau-psi chi. gamma, the alternative product of the dnaX gene, will not replace tau in this reaction, indicating that tau's unique ability to bind to DNA polymerase III holding chipsi in the same complex is essential. All of our findings are consistent with chipsi strengthening DNA polymerase III holoenzyme interactions with the SSB-coated lagging strand at the replication fork, facilitating complex assembly and elongation.     

Attentional effects of single dose triazolam

1. While the effects of benzodiazepines on human memory have been extensively studied little is known about the effects of these agents on attentional processes. The authors studied the effects of a single dose of triazolam on selective visual-spatial attention using a double blind, placebo controlled design. 2. In each of 2 sessions 12 normal volunteers ingested either 0.25 mg of triazolam or placebo. Attentional performance was evaluated using two versions of the covert orienting paradigm which measured automatic (exogenous) and controlled (endogenous) aspects of attentional orienting, respectively. 3. Triazolam selectively modified performance on automatic orienting to exogenous cues. Specifically, triazolam increased the facilitation of target detection seen at shorter (150 msec) SOA's. This may indicate an increase in facilitation and a reduction in inhibition or a slowing of the time course of the biphasic attentional effect normally resulting from exogenous cuing. 4. These results indicate the importance of using experimental paradigms which effectively dissociate endogenous and exogenous mechanisms of spatial orienting in studies evaluating the effects of pharmacological agents on visual-spatial attention.     

Metabolism of monoterpene alcohol, linalool, by a soil pseudomonad

A microorganism of the genus Pseudomonas has been isolated from the soil by enrichment culture techniques with linalool(I) as the sole source of carbon and energy. The organism is also capable of utilizing limonene, citronellol, and geraniol as substrates but fails to grow on citral, critranellal, and 1,8-cineole. Fermentation of linalool by this bacterium in a mineral salt medium results in the formation of 10-hydroxylinalool(II), oleuropeic acid (IX), 2-vinyl-2-methyl-5-hydroxyisopropyl-tetraphydrofuran)linalool oxide, V), 2-vinyl-2-methyl-tetrahydrofuran-5-one(unsaturated lactone, VI), and few unidentified minor metabolities. Probable pathways for the biodegradation of linalool are presented.     

Efficacy of intratracheal administration of Newcastle disease vaccine in day-old chicks

Groups of day-old chicks with varying levels of parental antibody were vaccinated against Newcastle disease (B1 strain) with a commercially available device which simultaneously debeaks the chick and emits a fine spray of vaccine into its trachea. Some groups were also vaccinated (B1 or Lasota strain) with a commercially available vaccine sprayer at 9 days, 14 days, or 9 and 25 days of age. Response to vaccine was evaluated once each week during the experimental period of approximately 8 weeks HI titers were determined and 10 chicks were challenged with the Texas GB strain of Newcastle disease virus. In chicks with low to moderate levels of maternal antibody a satisfactory antibody response was attained by vaccination at 1 day of age, and in most cases resistance to challenge was evident by 3 weeks of age. Intratracheal vaccination of chicks with extremely high levels of maternal antibody had a minimal antibody response. All groups of chicks spray vaccinated at 9, 14, or 9 and 25 days of age showed a marked increase in antibody titer regardless of whether they had been vaccinated at 1 day of age.     

Involvement of 4-hydroxymandelic acid in the degradation of mandelic acid by Pseudomonas convexa

A microorganism capable of degrading DL-mandelic acid was isolated from sewage sediment of enrichment culture and was identified as Pseudomonas convexa. It was found to metabolize mandelic acid by a new pathway involving 4-hydroxymandelic acid, 4-hydroxybenzaldehyde, 4-hydroxybenzoic acid, and 3,4-dihydroxybenzoic acid as aromatic intermediates. All the enzymes of the pathway were demonstrated in cell-free extracts. L-Mandelate-4-hydroxylase, a soluble enzyme, requires tetrahydropteridine, nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate, reduced form, and Fe2+ for its activity. The next enzyme, L-4-hydroxymandelate oxidase (decarboxylating), a particulate enzyme, requires flavine adenine dinucleotide and Mn2+ for its activity. A nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide-dependent, as well as a nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate-dependent, benzaldehyde dehydrogenase has been resolved and partially purified.