Physical Characterization of Wax/Oil Crystalline Networks

The objective of this research was to evaluate the physical properties of different types of wax/oil systems. Olive (OO), corn (CO), soybean (SBO), sunflower (SFO), safflower (SAFO), and canola (CAO) oils were mixed with sunflower oil wax (SFOW), paraffin wax (PW), and beeswax (BW) at different concentrations (1% to 10%). Results from this study show that the physical properties of wax/oil systems is affected not only by the concentration and type of wax used, but also by the type of oil used. In general, wax/oil systems formulated with SFOW generated crystalline networks with high enthalpies (1 to 22 J/g) and high G ′ values (2 to 6 × 10⁶ Pa) compared with the values obtained for BW and PW. SFOW crystalline networks were characterized by needle‐like crystals independently of the wax concentrations and type of oil used. BW crystalline networks, however, were characterized by different crystal morphologies (needle‐like or spherulites) depending on the wax concentration and type of oil used. PW samples were characterized by a crystalline network formed by needle‐ and platelet‐like crystals. Enthalpy values of BW and PW samples were similar (0.3 to 20 J/g), but BW samples resulted in significantly higher (P < 0.05) G ′ values in the 5% and 10% samples with values of 3.9 × 10⁶ and 6.1 × 10⁵ Pa for 10% BW and PW, respectively.     

纯棉织物的微波染色

研究了纯棉织物在微波辐照下的染色。文中既对微波染色与常规染色进行了比较,又对前者的机理进行了讨论。微波染色这一新工艺具有如下的优点:染色时间短、得色量高,还可以节约能量。通过X射线衍射、红外光谱、扫描电镜和X光电子能谱的测试和分析,发现经微波辐照后棉纤维的结晶度稍有减小,还形成一些自由基或活性羰基,并伴有形态的变化。     

聚乳酸纤维染整加工的进展

聚乳酸纤维(PLA纤维)是新一代环保型聚酯合成纤维，它给纺织工业开发新产品带来了新的发展机会，也给染整加工提出了新的挑战。了解聚乳酸纤维的基本性能和其染整加工的特性，对印染实际生产十分重要。本文综述了聚乳酸纤维前处理、染色、热定形，以及化学整理方面的新进展。     

纺织品上有机氯载体的检测方法研究

载体染色工艺是聚酯纤维纯纺及混纺产品常用的染色工艺，采用色谱分离、质谱定性检测和按色谱图定量的GC-MS分析技术可以检测23种含氯有机载体。本文从样品制备、仪器选用、测试步骤以及检测低限、回收率及精密度等方面作了详细的阐述。     

六味地黄汤抑制大鼠生精细胞凋亡及其促进精子发生

用醋酸棉酚建造大鼠生精障碍模型,用六味地黄汤灌胃治疗,以市售六味地黄丸和甲基睾酮分别为对照和阳性对照,TUNEL法检测实验各组大鼠睾丸生精细胞的凋亡情况,计数实验各组大鼠精子数量,考察实验各组大鼠精子的质量.结果表明,六味地黄汤各治疗组、阳性对照组大鼠的精子数量、精子爬高均与模型组有显著性差异(P<0.01),各治疗组大鼠的精子质量(活力)也显著优于模型组;各实验组大鼠睾丸凋亡的生精细胞明显少于模型组.由此显示,六味地黄汤复方可显著抑制大鼠睾丸生精细胞的凋亡,对生精障碍大鼠有显著的促进生精作用,并可显著提高大鼠精子的质量.     

灯芯绒织物活性地色涂料拔染印花工艺

通过对印花工艺中拔染剂、粘合剂、增稠剂、涂料的选用和影响产品质量的因素进行了讨论，对灯芯绒活性染料拔染印花生产工艺，如前处理、地色染色、拔染印花工艺条件进行适当控制，并指出灯芯绒生产过程中的操作要点。     

Evaluation of lipid oxidation and oxidative products as affected by pork meat cut, packaging method, and storage time during frozen storage (-10 degrees C)

ABSTRACT:  Lipid oxidation and oxidative volatiles as affected by pork meat cut and packaging method during frozen storage at –10 °C were evaluated. Pork belly cut had higher thiobarbituric acid reactive substance (TBARS) and pH values than did the loin, whereas the loin had higher free fatty acid (FFA) values than that of the belly cut. Peroxide values increased with increased storage time, but were not affected by pork meat cut and packaging method. Volatiles with carbon numbers less than 10 in the belly cut were higher than those in the loin cut, whereas those with carbon numbers greater than 10 in the loin cut were higher than those in belly cut. Most volatiles were decreased with increased storage time, except for propane. Both 4-pentenal and 4-methyl-2-hexanone in the belly cut showed a positive correlation with FFA, whereas 2,4-dimethyl-1-heptene and 9-octadecenal in the loin cut were positively correlated with TBARS and FFA, respectively, even though the values were not high enough to predict the degree of lipid oxidation.     

罗布麻纤维的染色性能

在分析罗布麻纤维的性能特点，讨论了罗布麻纤维的化学改性和染色问题。罗布麻纤维经碱改性后，纤维的聚合度、结晶度和取向度都有不同程度的下降，纤维上染率也有明显提高。此外，碱改性可使麻纤维发生物理化学变化和结构变异，从而改善麻纤维的回弹性、柔软度和抗皱性能。     

C3S含量对阿利特-硫铝酸盐水泥熟料煅烧及性能的影响

探讨了C3S含量对阿利特-硫铝酸盐水泥熟料煅烧及水泥性能的影响。结果表明：随C3S含量增加,生料的易烧性变差;C3S含量较高时,不利于C4A3S矿物的形成;随C3S矿物含量增多,水泥强度升高,凝结时间相应延长;C3S含量降低,水泥凝结时间缩短。     

Antibacterial activity and antistatic composites of polyester/Ag‐SiO2 prepared by a sol–gel method

Poly(butylene adipate‐co‐terephthalate) (PBAT) composites containing silver‐silica (Ag‐SiO₂) were prepared using an in‐situ sol–gel process. Maleic anhydride‐grafted PBAT (PBAT‐g‐MA) and multihydroxyl‐functionalized Ag‐SiO₂ were used to improve the compatibility and dispersibility of Ag‐SiO₂ within the PBAT matrix. The composites were characterized morphologically using transmission electron microscopy and chemically using Fourier transform infrared spectrometry. The existence of Ag‐SiO₂ nanoparticles on the substrate was confirmed by the ultraviolet–visible absorption spectra. The antibacterial and antistatic properties of the composites were evaluated whether SiO₂ enhanced the electrical conductivity was tested as well as whether Ag enhanced the antibacterial activity of the PBAT‐g‐MA/SiO₂ or PBAT/SiO₂ composites. The PBAT‐g‐MA/SiO₂ or PBAT/SiO₂ composite that contained Ag had better antibacterial activity (more than 1.3‐fold). The functionalized PBAT‐g‐MA/Ag‐SiO₂ composite can markedly enhanced antibacterial and antistatic properties due to the carboxyl groups of maleic anhydride, which acted as coordination sites for the Ag‐SiO₂ phase, allowing the formation of stronger chemical bonds. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2011