TB17钛合金初生α相对元素重分布和时效析出的影响

对TB17钛合金进行了亚β固溶处理(固溶温度800℃-835℃,固溶时间0.5h-9h),采用电子探针分析了Al、Mo、Nb元素在初生α相和β基体中的分布,研究了合金亚β固溶时初生α相析出、元素重分布规律及其对时效次生相的影响。结果表明,合金亚β温度固溶时以晶内析出针状初生α相为主,晶界析出少量片层状初生α相。初生α相析出量随亚β固溶温度升高而降低,固溶温度高于825℃时基本不析出α相。初生α相尺寸随固溶时间延长而增大,固溶时间超过2h后,初生α相析出量达到稳态。Al元素倾向于在初生α相中富集,Mo和Nb元素则倾向于β基体富集。初生α相中心部位Al元素浓度较高,边缘部位较低,而Mo和Nb元素中心部位则浓度较低,边缘部位较高。增加初生α相析出量,会使β基体Al浓度降低,Mo、Nb元素浓度升高。初生α相较少(2%)时初生α相周围的次生α相以针状或片层状形貌为主,远离初生α相区域的次生α相以似网篮结构为主,初生α相较多(10%)时次生α相均以片层状形貌为主。     

基于Kriging代理模型的TP304不锈钢裂尖驱动力概率预测（英文）

为了探究材料和载荷的随机性对TP304不锈钢裂尖驱动力的影响规律,通过将弹塑性有限元和Kriging代理模型相结合,实现裂尖驱动力的概率预测。为了提高有限元分析的效率,使用MATLAB对ABAQUS软件的前置处理和后置处理程序进行二次开发,实现随机样本的自动更改、批量计算和概率预测结果的自动分析。研究得到了随机因素作用下TP304不锈钢材料裂尖驱动力的统计分布规律,以及失效概率、失效概率密度函数、累计概率密度函数等概率特征,并对各随机因素的灵敏度进行了分析。最后,通过与Monte Carlo法对比分析了该方法的有效性和效率。结果表明,载荷和材料参数的随机性会显著影响TP304不锈钢裂纹尖端的驱动力,从而影响TP304不锈钢的失效概率,载荷和应变硬化指数对奥氏体TP304不锈钢材料裂尖驱动力的分散性影响最大。     

Coupled effects of saline solutions and temperature on the swelling deformation property of GMZ bentonite-sand mixtures

Based on the results of one-dimensional free swelling tests, the coupled effects of NaCl-Na₂SO₄ solutions and temperature on the swelling deformation property of compacted GMZ bentonite-sand mixtures were analyzed. The concentrations of the NaCl-Na₂SO₄ solutions were 0, 0.008, 0.04, 0.08 and 0.16 mol/L, the temperatures were 20 °C, 40 °C, 60 °C, 80 °C and 90 °C and the sand contents were 0, 30 and 50%. X-ray diffraction (XRD) and mercury intrusion porosimetry (MIP) tests were also performed to find the influences of the temperature, solution concentration and sand content on the mineral composition and microstructure. The results showed that the maximum swelling strain of the specimens increased with an elevated temperature, while it decreased with increases in the solution concentration and sand content. The swelling process was accelerated by the rising temperature. The XRD tests indicated that the combined effect of a high temperature and a high solution concentration may have caused more Na⁺ from the saline solutions to enter the interlayer, partly displacing the divalent cations. The MIP tests demonstrated that adding sand to the bentonite could reduce the amount of inter-granular pores and increase the intra-aggregate pores. These findings are advantageous to the transfer of heat and pour fluid in the specimens; and thus, the swelling deformation capacity of the bentonite-sand mixtures was higher than that of pure bentonite under the same conditions.     

-180℃深冷处理对7A99铝合金峰值时效强韧性能与析出行为的影响

对7A99超高强铝合金反向挤压板材采用T6峰值时效处理与-180℃冷热循环时效热处理(简称T6-DCT),通过XRD、TEM、HRTEM与3DAP研究-180℃深冷处理对7A99铝合金反向挤压板材强韧性能以及析出行为的影响。结果表明,-180℃冷热循环时效处理使得铝基体的晶格常数由由0.40551 nm 增至0.40626 nm,起到了一定的固溶强化作用;-180℃冷热循环时效处理后晶粒内部生成大量与基体非共格的η相,晶界处η相呈现断续分布并形成晶界无析出带,降低材料的拉伸强度;-180℃冷热循环时效处理促进基体中Zn和Mg元素原子的微观偏聚,导致了Zn和Mg元素的非均匀析出;-180℃深冷处理可以减小时效终态析出相的平均等效半径与析出密度,将等效半径由1.2 nm减小至1.14 nm,将析出密度由4.53×10₂₄/m₃降低至3.87×10₂₄ /m₃,削弱析出强化效果; -180℃冷热循环时效处理后合金的强韧匹配性能得到显著改善,强度略有降低,韧性显著提高。     

席夫碱与硝酸铈复配物对1060纯铝的缓蚀作用

采用极化曲线、电化学阻抗谱、扫描电镜和能谱分析,研究合成的3-吡啶-4-氨基-1,2,4-三唑-5-硫酮席夫碱及其复配物硝酸铈在质量分数为3.5%NaCl溶液中对1060纯铝的缓蚀作用。结果表明：在293 K时席夫碱可有效抑制纯铝在3.5%NaCl溶液中的腐蚀,当席夫碱浓度为0.4 g.L_-1时缓蚀率最高,可达76.0%。席夫碱为混合型缓蚀剂,其在1060纯铝表面的吸附符合Langmuir吸附模型,且同时存在物理吸附和化学吸附。0.2 g.L_-1席夫碱与0.03 g.L_-1硝酸铈复配缓蚀率可达88.2%,二者具有协同缓蚀作用。     

Zn基钎料钎焊烧结NdFeB与DP1180钢接头微观组织及性能

采用Zn-5Sn-2Cu-1.5Bi(ZSCB)钎料实现了烧结NdFeB永磁材料(NdFeB)与DP1180钢的钎焊连接。在惰性气氛控制的高频感应炉中进行钎焊,采用OM、SEM、EDS、微区XRD和NIM-2000H磁性测试仪等手段分析了接头界面的微观组织结构、NdFeB的磁性能和接头剪切强度。结果表明,NdFeB与ZSCB钎料形成Nd-Fe-Zn和Fe-Zn冶金结合,FeZn13和Fe3Zn10相在DP1180钢侧的界面处形成。焊接温度对NdFeB的磁性能影响较小。与传统方法的粘接相比,接头的剪切强度从32.50MPa提高到44.00MPa,提高了35.38%。由于NdFeB和ZSCB钎料之间的热膨胀系数差异很大,在接近NdFeB的反应层处产生较高的残余应力,导致接头从NdFeB界面处断裂。     

A brief review of brazing diamond in cutting tools

Diamond has high hardness and good wear resistance. It is widely used in cutting tools and workpieces. Brazing is an effective method to realize high quality cemented carbide joints in various materials connection technologies. This paper analyzes the research status of diamond brazing in detail. The materials used as brazing filler in diamond brazing are reviewed. Copper base filler and nickel base filler are the most commonly used brazing filler in diamond brazing. The advantages and disadvantages of diamond grinding tools under different production methods are analyzed. In addition, a series of new brazing alloys such as amorphous Ni based brazing filler metals are analyzed. Finally, the development trend of diamond brazing is pointed out.     

Effects of Dissimilar Alumina Particulates on Microstructure and Properties of Cold-Sprayed Alumina/A380 Composite Coatings

In this study,alumina/A380 composite coatings were fabricated by cold spray.The influence of alumina particulates' morphology(spherical and irregular) and content on the deposition behavior of the coatings(including surface roughness,surface residual stress,cross-sectional microstructure and microhardness) was investigated.Results revealed that the spherical alumina mainly shows micro-tamping effect during deposition,which result in remarkable low surface roughness and porosity of the coatings.In addition,very low deposition efficiency and good interfacial bonding between the coating and the substrate were achieved.For irregular alumina particles,the embedding of ceramic particulates in the coating was dominant during deposition process,resulting in high retention in the final deposit.However,it showed limited influence on porosity,surface roughness and interfacial bonding of the deposit.The coatings containing irregular alumina particulates exhibited much higher microhardness than those containing spherical alumina due to the higher load-bearing capacity of deposited alumina.     

Soldering of Zr-based bulk metallic glass and copper by Au-12Ge eutectic alloy

Zr-based bulk metallic glass and copper with different surface roughness were soldered using low temperature eutectic Au-12 Ge(wt%) solder on a thermomechanical simulator. The cross-sectional microstructures of the brazed joints were analyzed by scanning electron microscopy(SEM) and transmission electron microscope(TEM) in detail, and the compositional distribution along the interface was analyzed by energy-dispersive spectrometer(EDS). Results show that the surface roughness of base metals plays an important role in the quality of the brazed joint because the surface roughness can enlarge the effective contact area, which can improve the brazing surface quality between two materials. A moderate roughness of treated Zr-based metallic glass of 18 μm is shown to be the best for the soldering, while the surface roughness has a weak effect on the soldering behavior of Au-12 Ge solder on copper. After soldering, long-range diffusion of atoms occurs between the base metal and solder, and five distinct regions are formed at the joint region.     

熔融制样-X射线荧光光谱法测定钛铁合金中主量元素

目前行业内普遍存在的问题是低钛含量的钛铁合金比较容易氧化,高钛含量的钛铁合金如70钛铁在熔片过程中难氧化,铂-金坩埚腐蚀情况较严重,所用氧化剂往往很难兼顾到氧化能力和迸溅控制水平。经试验,将硝酸钾、硼酸和无水碳酸钠按1∶1∶4的质量比配制,能完全氧化高钛含量的钛铁合金,同时可有效避免迸溅损失。选择7 g四硼酸锂粉末铺底,采用2 g四硼酸锂-偏硼酸锂-氟化锂混合熔剂(m∶m∶m=65∶25∶10)覆盖样品和氧化剂,可避免铂-金坩埚被腐蚀,进而实现了X射线荧光光谱法(XRF)对钛铁合金中钛、硅、锰、铝、磷和铜等主量元素的测定。低含量锰、磷和铜的检出限依次为31.2、16.8、25.5 μg/g。精密度考察结果表明,各元素测定结果的相对标准偏差(RSD)均不大于3.0%。采用实验方法对钛铁合金标准样品和实际样品进行测试,结果与认定值或化学湿法值一致。