Continuous deodorization of edible oils

This paper discusses the use of a counter current deodorizing process in which oil flows by gravity downward through a deaerating device and a specially designed tower. The steam is let in at the bottom and flows counter-current to the oil flow. The process results in more effective use of vacuum and in considerable steam economy. The application of Dowtherm as a heating medium for the process is discussed.     

Application of the line-width method to the spectrochemical analysis of oils,fats, and related substances

Summary The application of the line-width method to the spectrochemical analysis of oils and fats in conjunction with the use of an improved ashing technique has been shown to permit the quantitative determination of copper, iron, manganese, nickel, and tin in quantities as low as 1 part in 10 million. The procedure has been critically examined by precision tests on commercial and experimental samples, by accuracy tests on synthetic samples, and by recovery tests. Results of actual analysis of 30 vegetable oils and fats indicate the use of the procedure as a research tool. The procedure may be used for the trace element analysis of organic material low in ash content. One of the laboratories of the Bureau of Agricultural and Industrial Chemistry, Agricultural Research Administration, U. S. Department of Agriculture.     

SUPPRESSION OF RADIATIONS AT HIGH TEMPERATURES BY MEANS OF CERAMIC COATINGS*

A method was developed for measuring the emissivities of ceramic coatings and ceramic-coating materials with respect to oxidized stainless steel. The emissivities in the visible-red and near-infrared spectral regions were studied over a temperature range of 800° to 1600°F. The numerous materials investigated were found to cover an emissivity range from more than 100% to less than 10%. Lepidolite was the highest emitter, Uverite the lowest. Transmission of radiant energy decreased with coat thickness according to established laws. The transmission of radiant energy through coat-bonding glasses could be greatly influenced by composition. Every material has a characteristic tendency to emit radiations at a given temperature. High-temperature ceramic paints were found to be effective radiation suppressors and thermal insulators.