西藏地区需水量预测分析

通过对西藏水资源的现状分析,摸清了西藏水资源的基本状况。根据西藏地区过去分行业的用水情况及未来社会经济发展的预测,分析了西藏地区需水量预测的影响因素,应用灰色系统理论建立西藏地区需水预测模型,对西藏自治区2010年和2020年需水进行了预测分析,有助于西藏地区采取合理的用水规划措施,减少成本开支,促进西藏经济社会的可持续发展。2010～2020年,随着经济发展逐步进入稳定时期,社会总体科技水平将有较大发展,节水政策、节水技术和设施得到较好的实施,全社会用水水平也逐渐趋于平稳,年需水增长速度减缓,并逐步达到基本平稳,平均年递增率为1.5％。     

基于PatchMatch的半全局高效双目立体匹配算法

近年来双目立体匹配技术发展迅速,高精度、高分辨率、大视差的应用需求无疑对该技术的计算效率提出了更高的要求.由于传统立体匹配算法固有的计算复杂度正比于视差范围,已经难以满足高分辨率、大视差的应用场景.因此,从计算复杂度、匹配精度、匹配原理等多方面综合考虑,提出了一种基于PatchMatch的半全局双目立体匹配算法,在路径...     

Experimental evaluation of geosynthetics as reinforcement for shotcrete

One of the commonly used stabilization systems for rock tunnels is shotcrete. This fine aggregate mortar is usually reinforced for improving its tensile and shear strength. In deep tunnels, its capacity to absorb energy has been recently considered for design purposes, as large displacements of the wall are expected. Two of the most used materials of reinforcement are steel welded-wire mesh and fibers (steel or polypropylene) in the shotcrete mix. This study presents the results and discussion of an experimental test program conducted to obtain the load-deformation curves of reinforced shotcrete, according to ASTM C 1550, using geosynthetics grids and geotextiles as alternative reinforcement materials. In addition, plain shotcrete and steel welded-wire mesh reinforced shotcrete specimens are also considered in the experimental program as benchmark cases. The experimental results are analyzed in terms of maximum strength and toughness. Results show that the use of geosynthetics as a reinforcement material is a promising alternative to obtain shotcrete with energy absorption capacity comparable with the most common reinforcement materials used.     

提高白肋烟质量及其可用性的技术研究

为解决国产白肋烟烟碱含量偏高、白肋烟特征香气不显著等问题 ,提高其质量及可用性 ,于1999- 2 0 0 1年对我国白肋烟的品种选育、高香味适宜烟碱栽培调制技术、质量与香味成分的关系、醇化技术等进行了系统研究。确定了目前国内产区生产优质白肋烟的品种 ;明确了降低烟碱含量和生产优质白肋烟的关键技术措施 ;揭示了国内外、国内不同地区、不同部位白肋烟的香味物质组成及其异同 ,考察了生长、采收和调制过程中国产白肋烟 2 0种重要香味成分的变化 ;找到了白肋烟醇化过程中烟叶品质的变化规律及醇化的最佳技术条件     

醇化过程中白肋烟香味成分含量的变化

对醇化过程中白肋烟香味成分含量的变化进行了研究。结果表明 ,在醇化过程中白肋烟香味成分含量发生了明显变化。在所测定的 17种中性香味成分中 ,许多中性香味成分含量在醇化过程中呈明显增加趋势 ,增加幅度较大的成分有糠醛、糠醇、苯甲醛、苯乙醇、氧化异佛尔酮、巨豆三烯酮和金合欢基丙酮等。在所测定的 12种碱性香味成分中 ,有吡啶、2 ,3-二甲基吡嗪、2 ,5 -二甲基吡嗪、2 ,3,5 -三甲基吡嗪、四甲基吡嗪、2 -乙酰基吡啶等 6种重要碱性香气成分含量有明显增加 ,但碱性成分总含量在醇化过程中呈大幅下降趋势。     

Fortification of Bread with L-Lysine HCI: Losses Due to Baking Process

A Brasilian water bread was formulated with wheat flour (100%), salt (2%), yeast (5%), water (60%), fungal amylase (130 SKB/100g wheat flour), ascorbic acid (0.02%), and polysorbate-60 (1%). To the formulation was added Lysine.HCl at levels of 0.1, 0.2, 0.3, 0.4, and 0.5% as related to wheat flour in the formulation. The breads (fortified and control) were baked at 220°C for 20 min. The retention of lysine was estimated by measuring the free Lysine·HCl in bread with FDNB. A regression equation was developed relating the input and retention of lysine, which indicated a loss or destruction of 11.3% of added lysine during baking process.     

分布式环境下全局序列模式挖掘技术研究

由于分布式环境下挖掘全局序列模式常常产生过多候选序列,加大了网络通信代价.为此提出一种基于分布式环境下的全局序列模式快速挖掘算法.该算法将各站点得到的局部序列模式压缩到一种语法序列树上,避免了重复的序列前缀传输;基于合并树中节点序列规则和简单的特点,提出一种项扩展和序列扩展剪枝策略,有效地约减了候选序列,减少了网络传输量,从而快速生成全局序列模式.理论和实验表明,在大数据集环境下该算法性能优越,能够有效地挖掘全局序列模式.     

Drugs and immunity: cannabinoids and their role in decreased resistance to infectious disease

Marijuana, Cannabis sativa, elicits a variety of effects in experimental animals and humans. Delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) is the major psychoactive component in marijuana. This substance has been shown, also, to be immunosuppressive and to decrease host resistance to bacterial, protozoan, and viral infections. Macrophages, T lymphocytes, and natural killer cells appear to be major targets of the immunosuppressive effects of THC. Definitive data which directly link marijuana use to increased susceptibility to infection in humans currently is unavailable. However, cumulative reports indicating that THC alters resistance to infection in vitro and in a variety of experimental animals support the hypothesis that a similar effect occurs in humans.     

Stereological estimation of surface area and barrier thickness of fish gills in vertical sections

Previous morphometric methods for estimation of the volume of components, surface area and thickness of the diffusion barrier in fish gills have taken advantage of the highly ordered structure of these organs for sampling and surface area estimations, whereas the thickness of the diffusion barrier has been measured orthogonally on perpendicularly sectioned material at subjectively selected sites. Although intuitively logical, these procedures do not have a demonstrated mathematical basis, do not involve random sampling and measurement techniques, and are not applicable to the gills of all fish. The present stereological methods apply the principles of surface area estimation in vertical uniform random sections to the gills of the Brazilian teleost Arapaima gigas. The tissue was taken from the entire gill apparatus of the right‐hand or left‐hand side (selected at random) of the fish by systematic random sampling and embedded in glycol methacrylate for light microscopy. Arches from the other side were embedded in Epoxy resin. Reference volume was estimated by the Cavalieri method in the same vertical sections that were used for surface density and volume density measurements. The harmonic mean barrier thickness of the water‐blood diffusion barrier was calculated from measurements taken along randomly selected orientation lines that were sine‐weighted relative to the vertical axis. The values thus obtained for the anatomical diffusion factor (surface area divided by barrier thickness) compare favourably with those obtained for other sluggish fish using existing methods.     

Effects of high oxygen concentrations on microbial biosensor signals. Hyperoxygenation by means of perfluorodecalin

Amperometric biosensors register oxygen depletion in response to analyte catabolism, and thus are limited by the availability of dissolved oxygen. Microbial sensors containing immobilized cells of Gluconobacter oxydans were hyperoxygenated to 400% of control levels and the effects on sensor responses to glucose were determined. Oxygenated perfluorodecalin (a completely fluorinated organic substance) was as effective in hyperoxygenation as direct sparging with O2, increasing sensor base medium oxygen concentrations from 9.3 to 37 mg/l. Hyperoxygenation enhanced maximal biosensor response amplitudes, particularly at high cell loading densities. Maximal response rates were also improved, although less dramatically. Results suggest that hyperoxygenation may be a new general approach for modulating biosensor responses.