不同硅/铝比ZSM-5分子筛对烷烃和环烷烃催化裂解性能的影响

以硅/铝摩尔比（n(SiO2)/n(Al2O3)=24的ZSM 5分子筛为母体,通过酸处理脱铝制备了具有不同硅/铝摩尔比(50、85、110、140)的ZSM-5分子筛,通过X射线衍射(XRD)、扫描电镜(SEM)、氨气程序升温脱附(NH3-TPD)、吡啶红外吸附(Py-FTIR)、N₂吸附-脱附等手段对其进行表征,考察其应用于正辛烷和乙基环己烷催化裂解反应的性能差异。结果表明,正辛烷和乙基环己烷的转化率与ZSM-5分子筛硅/铝比存在较好的对应关系,即硅/铝比越低、酸量越高,转化率越高;但ZSM-5分子筛硅/铝比低、酸量过多会导致非选择性副反应发生,降低目的产物低碳烯烃收率和选择性。不同硅/铝比ZSM-5分子筛在正辛烷和乙基环己烷催化裂解反应中显示出不同的催化性能,对于相同碳数的烷烃正辛烷和乙基环己烷,由于其分子结构不同,所适宜的硅/铝比不同;在相同硅/铝比分子筛条件下,环烷烃乙基环己烷的总体反应活性低于相对应的直链烷烃正辛烷;正辛烷在ZSM-5-85分子筛上具有更优异的催化裂解反应性能,乙基环己烷在ZSM-5-50分子筛上具有更优异的催化裂解反应性能。     

Diode-pumped ytterbium-doped Sr5(PO4)3F laser performance

The performance of the first diode-pumped Yb³⁺-doped Sr ₅(PO₄)₃F (Yb:S-FAP) solid-state laser is discussed. An InGaAs diode array has been fabricated that has suitable specifications for pumping a 3×3×30 mm Yb:S-FAP rod. The saturation fluence for diode pumping was deduced to be 5.5 J/cm ² for the particular 2.8 kW peak power diode array utilized in our studies. This is 2.5× higher than the intrinsic 2.2 J/cm ² saturation fluence as is attributed to the 6.5 nm bandwidth of our diode pump array. The small signal gain is consistent with the previously measured emission cross section of 6.0×10^-20 cm², obtained from a narrowband-laser pumped gain experiment. Up to 1.7 J/cm³ of stored energy density was achieved in a 6×6×44 mm Yb:S-FAP amplifier rod. In a free running configuration, diode-pumped slope efficiencies up to 43% (laser output energy/absorbed pump energy) were observed with output energies up to ~0.5 J per 1 ms pulse. When the rod was mounted in a copper block for cooling, 13 W of average power was produced with power supply limited operation at 70 Hz with 500 μs pulses     

基于RSSI的无线传感器网络距离修正定位算法

节点自身定位是无线传感器网络目标定位的基础。无线传感器网络节点定位算法包括基于距离和距离无关两类。其中基于RSSI的定位算法由于实现简单而被广泛使用,但RSSI方法的测距误差较大,从而影响了节点定位精度。提出了一种基于RSSI的无线传感器网络距离修正定位算法。该算法通过RSSI测距,计算近似质心的位置,以此为参考点进行距离修正,然后确定节点的位置。仿真结果表明该算法可以提高节点定位精度。     

Laser demonstration of Yb3Al5O12(YbAG) and materials properties of highly doped Yb:YAG

We have demonstrated the first stoichiometric Yb³⁺ laser based on Yb₃A₅O₁₂ (YbAG). The laser operated in pulsed mode with a highest possible duty cycle of 85%. A slope efficiency of 27%, with respect to absorbed energy, was measured and the free-running lasing wavelength was 1048 nm for a 10% duty cycle. In a systematic analysis, measurements of spectroscopic and materials properties of (Yb_xY_1-x)₃Al₅O ₁₂ for nominal x values of 0.05, 0.1, 0.15, 0.18, 0.25, 0.5, and 1 are reported. We also present a formalism to calculate the intrinsic fluorescence quantum efficiency (free of radiation trapping) and the fraction of reabsorbed light, based on measurements of the bulk and intrinsic emission lifetimes and the fractional thermal loading. Our best YbAG sample has an intrinsic lifetime of 0.664 ms at 94% quantum efficiency and a thermal conductivity at room temperature of 0.072 W/(cm-K)     

Modular and Versatile Spatial Functionalization of Tissue Engineering Scaffolds through Fiber‐Initiated Controlled Radical Polymerization

Native tissues are typically heterogeneous and hierarchically organized, and generating scaffolds that can mimic these properties is critical for tissue engineering applications. By uniquely combining controlled radical polymerization (CRP), end‐functionalization of polymers, and advanced electrospinning techniques, a modular and versatile approach is introduced to generate scaffolds with spatially organized functionality. Poly‐ε‐caprolactone is end functionalized with either a polymerization‐initiating group or a cell‐binding peptide motif cyclic Arg‐Gly‐Asp‐Ser (cRGDS), and are each sequentially electrospun to produce zonally discrete bilayers within a continuous fiber scaffold. The polymerization‐initiating group is then used to graft an antifouling polymer bottlebrush based on poly(ethylene glycol) from the fiber surface using CRP exclusively within one bilayer of the scaffold. The ability to include additional multifunctionality during CRP is showcased by integrating a biotinylated monomer unit into the polymerization step allowing postmodification of the scaffold with streptavidin‐coupled moieties. These combined processing techniques result in an effective bilayered and dual‐functionality scaffold with a cell‐adhesive surface and an opposing antifouling non‐cell‐adhesive surface in zonally specific regions across the thickness of the scaffold, demonstrated through fluorescent labelling and cell adhesion studies. This modular and versatile approach combines strategies to produce scaffolds with tailorable properties for many applications in tissue engineering and regenerative medicine.     

Single-frequency travelling-wave erbium-doped fibre loop laser

A novel erbium-doped fibre laser cavity configuration with produces single-longitudinal-mode operation with less than 10 kHz linewidth is reported. The fibre laser operates in a travelling-wave mode which prevents spatial holeburning from occurring. A principal advantage of the configuration is that it allows the precise and stable setting of the lasing wavelength.<>     

OFDM系统中自适应调制和功率分配方案

为了提高Ka频段正交频分复用(OFDM)系统的频谱效率,提出了一种子带自适应调制和功率分配算法。该算法在目标误比特率下首先通过等功率分配确定各子带的初始信噪比大小和调制方式,并根据子带信噪比和调制方式的关系,迭代运算出最优的有效子带个数、调制方案和功率分配的比例关系。仿真结果表明,该算法提高了系统中低信噪比下的频谱效率。     

基于方位-能量的海底声学参数估计方法研究

估计海底声学参数并应用的方法有很多种,但由于过程复杂、投入较大,大都不容易实施.文中利用建立的方位-能量估计海底参数模型,在预先给出目标距离的情况下,使用遗传算法估计海底声学参数.这使得潜艇自身的声纳既可以用于在平时训练中积累海区海底声学参数又可以在战时直接使用这些参数为作战服务.这样海底声学参数的估计与应用有机的结合为一个整体,使得整个过程简便快捷、易于实现.     

被动声纳探测距离空间分形特征研究

根据分形理论,借助于GIS技术的支持,以一定优质因子条件下声纳探测距离为例,以声纳探测距离等值线为研究对象,对以往研究少有涉及的声纳探测距离等值线的分形性质进行了探讨,得出声纳探测距离等值线具有分形特征的结论,为描述声纳探测距离提供了新的参数,从而为声纳探测距离的预报提供了一种新的理论方法.     

Vertical Phase Separation in Small Molecule:Polymer Blend Organic Thin Film Transistors Can Be Dynamically Controlled

Blending of small‐molecule organic semiconductors (OSCs) with amorphous polymers is known to yield high performance organic thin film transistors (OTFTs). Vertical stratification of the OSC and polymer binder into well‐defined layers is crucial in such systems and their vertical order determines whether the coating is compatible with a top and/or a bottom gate OTFT configuration. Here, we investigate the formation of blends prepared via spin‐coating in conditions which yield bilayer and trilayer stratifications. We use a combination of in situ experimental and computational tools to study the competing effects of formulation thermodynamics and process kinetics in mediating the final vertical stratification. It is shown that trilayer stratification (OSC/polymer/OSC) is the thermodynamically favored configuration and that formation of the buried OSC layer can be kinetically inhibited in certain conditions of spin‐coating, resulting in a bilayer stack instead. The analysis reveals here that preferential loss of the OSC, combined with early aggregation of the polymer phase due to rapid drying, inhibit the formation of the buried OSC layer. The fluid dynamics and drying kinetics are then moderated during spin‐coating to promote trilayer stratification with a high quality buried OSC layer which yields unusually high mobility >2 cm² V^?1 s^?1 in the bottom‐gate top‐contact configuration.