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991.
RB Swotinsky KA Steger C Sulis S Snyder DE Craven 《Canadian Metallurgical Quarterly》1998,40(12):1102-1109
We examined our hospital-based occupational health clinic's experience with combination antiretroviral therapy for postexposure prophylaxis for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). Over a 12-month period, 68 workers started postexposure prophylaxis: 23 with zidovudine and lamivudine and 45 with zidovudine, lamivudine, and indinavir. Fifty-one (75%) of the 68 workers starting postexposure prophylaxis reported one or more side effects. Side effects were more common among those taking three drugs. Many workers failed to complete the recommended 28-day regimen because of the side effects of the various treatments. The estimated mean cost for evaluations, prophylaxis, and monitoring of exposed workers was $669 per reported exposure. In our experience, major challenges in carrying out the current HIV postexposure prophylaxis guidelines include expeditious source testing, improved staff education and prevention measures, and scrupulous monitoring of workers taking combination antiretroviral drugs for postexposure prophylaxis, with consideration of alternate regimens for intolerant workers. 相似文献
992.
993.
994.
Sesame defatted flour was prepared from dehulled seeds and the proteins extracted by isoelectric precipitation from an alkaline suspension of the flour. Temperature and pH effects on viscosity of a protein dispersion were measured using a Brookfield viscometer. Emulsifying capacity and emulsion stability were measured in mayonnaise and meat-type emulsions, respectively. Sesame flour was texturized by a simple method to produce a ground meat-like product with a hydration capacity of 380–440%. Sensory evaluation of meat loaves with 0–40% meat replaced by hydrated textured defatted sesame flour indicated no significant difference between samples. Viscosity of sesame protein dispersions at 90°C increased with increasing pH. The proteins did not form a self-supporting gel. Their emulsifying capacity proved to be relatively high when compared with traditional proteins. 相似文献
995.
JT Blackwelder BA Hopkins DE Diaz LW Whitlow C Brownie 《Canadian Metallurgical Quarterly》1998,81(11):2934-2941
Twenty-four multiparous Holstein cows were randomly assigned at calving to treatment diets using a modified split-plot design to determine the effects of protein source on milk production and composition. The treatment diets consisted of an 80:20 combination of corn and alfalfa silages and whole cottonseed at 12% of the dietary dry matter (DM). The treatment diets were formulated to contain 17% crude protein (CP) and 20% acid detergent fiber on a DM basis. One of the following sources of supplemental CP was included in each treatment diet: 1) cottonseed meal, 2) cottonseed meal plus a rumen-undegradable protein (RUP) supplement, 3) soybean meal, and 4) soybean meal plus an RUP supplement. Cows were fed the initial treatment diet for 6 wk and then were switched to the other oilseed meal source but continued to receive the same amount of RUP during the second period of the study. Milk production and composition were not affected by treatment diet. Cows fed treatment diets without RUP supplementation consumed more DM and thus more CP. Supplementation with RUP resulted in greater milk production efficiency per unit of DM consumed. Cows fed treatment diets containing cottonseed meal had higher plasma gossypol concentrations than did cows fed treatment diets containing soybean meal. Plasma gossypol concentrations for all cows in each group were below the recommended upper limit that is considered to be safe. Data suggest that cottonseed meal in the diet can be substituted for soybean meal, resulting in similar milk production and composition. 相似文献
996.
A microscopic balance with simultaneous change of phase together with equations for predicting the thermal properties as a function of the ice content and a cryoscopic descent model are used to simulate the nonsymmetric freezing of a beef slab. The equations are solved numerically to obtain temperature profiles as well as freezing times. Comparison with experimental results shows good agreement. A variation of the thermal center position throughout the freezing process is detected and assumptions to predict its position in the different periods of freezing are supplied. On the basis of these assumptions a simplified model for calculating processing times in plate freezers is proposed, showing good agreement with experimental freezing times and with predictions obtained from the numerical model. 相似文献
997.
D. B. CUMMING J. M. DE MAN A. G. LYNCH W. G. MERTENS M. TANAKA 《Journal of texture studies》1971,2(4):441-450
A survey of the food industry, government agencies and educational institutions dealing with foods has been conducted to establish the nature and extent to which instrumental texture measurements are employed in Canada. Two hundred and fifteen questionnaires were sent out and 123 (57%) returned. Of those replying, 52% were using texture evaluation instruments. Within the food industry the use of texture measuring instruments was as follows: meat 36%; fish 20%; canner/freezer 79%; dairy 42%; confectionery 73%; baking 50%; fats and oils 78%; multi product 77%; beverage 0%. Most widely used instruments in the quality control area were rotational viscometers and penetrometers. The more complex instruments, such as the Universal Testing Machine and the Shear Press, were used to a larger extent in the research area. The use of some instruments appeared to be restricted to particular commodity groups. The questionnaire dealt among other things with the use of taste panels, statistical evaluation of results, and the need for expanded use of instruments. There was general agreement that more standardization of methods is desirable. 相似文献
998.
PHYSICAL CHANGES DURING RIPENING OF SILVER BANANAS 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
999.
J Goyal KM Smith JM Cowan DE Wazer SW Lee V Band 《Canadian Metallurgical Quarterly》1998,58(21):4782-4786
Previously (Liu et al, Cancer Res., 56: 3371-3379, 1996), we isolated a novel serine protease-like gene--Normal Epithelial Cell Specific-1 (NES1)--that is expressed in normal mammary epithelial cells but is down-regulated in most breast cancer cell lines. Here, we demonstrate that stable expression of NES1 in the NES1-negative MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cell line suppressed the oncogenicity as revealed by inhibition of the anchorage-independent growth and tumor formation in nude mice. Fluorescence in situ hybridization localized the NES1 gene to chromosome 19q13.3, a region that contains genes for related proteases (including the prostate-specific antigen) and is rearranged in human cancers. Similar to breast cancer cell lines, prostate cancer cell lines also lacked NES1 mRNA and protein expression. Together, these results strongly suggest a tumor-suppressor role for NES1 in breast and prostate cancer. 相似文献
1000.
OBJECTIVES: Variations among states in household exposure to firearms, loaded firearms, and handguns were examined. METHODS: Data from the Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System in 22 states were used to estimate the prevalence of adults and children exposed to household firearms. RESULTS: The prevalence of adults living in households with firearms ranged from 12% to 57%; the corresponding ranges were 1% to 23% for loaded firearms and 5% to 36% for handguns. The prevalence of children less than 18 years of age living in households with loaded firearms ranged from 2% to 12%. CONCLUSIONS: Important variations among states exist in the prevalence of adults and children living in households with firearms, loaded firearms, and handguns. 相似文献