铝电解槽干式防渗料在电解过程中的反应机理探讨

通过对大修铝电解槽中废防渗料的成分和物相组成进行分析,探讨了干式防渗料与电解质的反应机理。研究结果表明,渗透电解质中的NaF和冰晶石均会与干式防渗料反应生成霞石(NaAlSiO₄)玻璃体层,可起到防止电解质进一步向下渗透的作用。但随着渗透电解质的增加,冰晶石会继续与霞石反应生成β氧化铝,β氧化铝层不具有防渗作用,这是导致防渗料中电解质继续渗透的主要原因之一。渗透电解质与防渗料反应还可生成SiF₄气体,使硅元素向防渗料下部迁移,导致废防渗料上层硅元素含量降低。     

多孔双相钙磷钛合金微弧氧化膜层的制备及生物相容性

为克服钛合金生物膜层单一相的缺陷,以Ti6A14V合金为基体,用微弧氧化法制得具有双相钙磷复合陶瓷膜层(BCP)的钛合金器件.通过控制工作液成分制得由不同比例的β-磷酸三钙(β-TCP)和羟基磷灰石(HA)组成的多孔性复合膜层.研究了电源占空比对BCP膜孔隙率和孔径大小的影响.采用能谱仪和X射线衍射仪分析了BCP膜层的...     

配型煤炼焦工艺研究概况

配型煤炼焦是解决我国优质环保炼焦煤紧缺的有效途径。本文综述了配型煤炼焦技术的生产工艺及原理,给出了适合焦化厂技术改造的工艺流程。结合试验研究,考虑到焦炉的寿命和焦炭的质量,确定型煤配比的合理选择范围为15%～30%,并阐述了单种煤配型煤炼焦的效果。     

酰氯的合成方法及其应用新进展

以羧酸和酰化试剂为原料进行反应,是现今合成酰氯的主要方法。根据酰化试剂的不同,系统地介绍了三氯化磷法、五氯化磷法、氯化亚砜法、光气法、固体光气法和四氯化碳法。同时对酰氯作为中间体在医药、农药、资源环境等方面的研究和应用进行了相应的介绍和展望。     

钢渣矿渣基全固废胶凝材料的化学活化

为了促进钢铁冶金渣的高附加值应用,以钢渣、矿渣和脱硫石膏为原料制备胶凝材料,研究了不同掺量CaO或Na2SO4对胶凝材料的化学活化作用,并利用XRD、SEM对掺入激发剂胶凝材料的水化产物进行了分析.结果表明,掺入少量CaO或者 Na2SO4的胶凝材料净浆试块早期抗压强度会有一定的提高,后期强度变化不大;但当Na2SO4掺量超过2%时,净浆试块的抗压强度会降低.掺入激发剂对胶凝材料的水化产物种类不会造成影响,其水化产物主要包括钙矾石(AFt)、水化硅酸钙(C-S-H)凝胶和氢氧化钙(CH).     

应力预养护对硫铝酸盐注浆材料强度与微结构的影响

在煤矿千米深井巷道注浆加固示范工程中,注浆结石体抗压强度常高于常压下的抗压强度,针对此问题,采用自制加压装置模拟应力作用对注浆材料浆液进行加压预养护,通过测试试样强度、表观密度、孔隙率、水化产物种类和微观结构,分析应力对材料强度增强的作用机理.结果表明:10 MPa的应力可以显著提高注浆材料结石体的抗折、抗压强度,抗折...     

从锌锗浸出液中提取锗的研究进展

锗资源开发对通讯和航空航天行业的发展具有重要的战略意义,由于提取锗的原料有限,所以开发和优化锗提取工艺受到日益关注.通过综述国内外从锌锗浸出液中提取锗的研究进展,对比多种锗的提取方法,总结出单宁沉锗法为应用最广泛的提锗方法.该方法具有绿色环保、操作简单的优点,但也存在单宁用量大,锗直收率低等问题亟待解决.基于超声波具有频率高、方向性好等优点,且已成功应用于湿法冶金工业中,因此进一步提出将超声外场引入单宁沉锗工艺中,并详细分析了超声外场强化的可行性和机理,以期降低单宁酸用量,提高锗直收率.指出超声外场强化单宁沉锗新工艺具有很好的研究和应用前景.     

99Tcm标记糖肽及其在荷瘤小鼠体内的分布与代谢动力学

Glucose and galactose are conjugated to the N- mercaptoacetyl-Val-Gly-Gly (MAVGG). The glycopeptides and MAVGG are labeled with 99Tcm. The partition coefficients between octanol and water (Pow) are measured. Glycopeptides or MAVGG labeled with 99Tcm areinjected into the mice bearing S180 tumor. 10μL blood samples are withdrawn at different time points and the radioactivities are counted to calculate the effective halflife (T1/2) using a bi-exponential fit. Biodistribution is measured at 3 h postinjection and the percentage of injected dose per gram ( ID%/g ) and tumor to normal tissue ratio (T/NT) were calculated. The assigned structures were confirmed on the basis of IR, NMR and MS. The 99Tcm labeling yield 巨radiochemical purity is greater than 90%. The lgPow of 99Tcm-Glu-MAVGG, 99Tcm-Gal-MAVGG and 99Tcm-MAVGG are –1.974, –2.128 and –1.378, respectively. The T1/2αof the three labeled peptides are 24.3, 37.1, 46.3 min and T1/2β are 221.5, 158.4 and 198.4 min, respectively. The tumor uptakes at 3 h postinjection are 1.46, 1.55 and 0.67 for 99Tcm-Glu-MAVGG, 99Tcm-Gal-MAVGG and 99Tcm-MAVGG, respectively. Their T/NT for tumor over muscle are 3.74、7.38 and 3.53, respectively. The results demonstrated that after carbohydrate conjugate of peptides, the lipophilicity is decreased , the blood clearance is increased and the tumor uptake is enhanced. Of the two glucopeptides, 99Tcm-Gal-MAVGG shows faster blood clearance, higher tumor uptake and T/NT, which suggests the potential utility of 99Tcm-Gal-MAVGG as a suitable tumor imaging agent.     

Algorithm design and application of novel GM-AGC based on mill stretch characteristic curve简

As the spring equation is limited to the accuracy of mill stiffness and the linearity of the mill spring curve, the traditional gaugemeter automatic gauge control （GM-AGC） system based on spring equation cannot meet the requirements of practical production. In allusion to this problem, a kind of novel GM-AGC system based on mill stretch characteristic curve was proposed. The error existing in calculating strip thickness by spring equation were analyzed first. And then the mill stretch characteristic curve which could effectively eliminate the influence of mill stiffness was described. The novel GM-AGC system has been applied successfully in a hot strip mill, the application results show that the thickness control precision is improved significantly, with the novel GM-AGC system, over 98.6% of the strip thickness deviation of 3.0 mm class can be controlled within the target tolerances of ±20 μm.     

煤化学链燃烧颗粒流动反应的数值模拟

针对化学链燃烧气固反应速率的影响因素复杂未知的问题,本文建立了碳粒与CaSO4载氧体颗粒在水蒸气气氛下的数理模型,并利用Fluent进行数值计算,从微观上分析了温度和压力的改变,对颗粒间化学链燃烧反应速率、CO2生成速率以及载氧体表面固相生成物沉积速率的影响。分析结果表明,提高反应器内的温度和压力,均加快了CaSO4载氧体颗粒表面CaS的沉积速率,且压力的提高在很大程度上促进了沉积速率的增加,而沉积覆盖在载氧体表面上的CaS导致了反应速率的下降。该研究有利于高纯度CO2气体的捕集,从而达到减排的目的,对化学链反应速率的控制具有重要意义。