煤粉制备系统设计优化的探讨

通过对比水泥厂余热发电煤粉制备系统与常规燃煤电厂煤粉制备系统之间存在的不同，肯定了北京琉璃河水泥厂余热发电工程煤粉制备系统在减少系统建筑尺寸、增加系统布置灵活性方面的特点和优势，根据该系统运行中出现的不足，提出了改进意见。     

Determination of peak expiratory flow

It is still unknown whether peak expiratory flow (PEF) is determined by "wave speed" flow limitation in the airways. To investigate the influences of airway mechanical properties on PEF, five healthy adults performed maximal forced expiratory effort (MFEE) manoeuvres, in the standard manner and following breathholds at total lung capacity (TLC) of 2 s and 10 s. Oesophageal pressure (Poes) was measured as an index of respiratory effort. Subjects also performed a MFEE following a 10 s breathhold during which intrathoracic pressure was voluntarily raised by a Valsalva manoeuvre, which would increase transmural pressure and cross-sectional area of the extrathoracic airway. Additional MFEEs were performed with the neck fully flexed and extended, to change longitudinal tracheal tension. In separate studies, PEF was measured with a spirometer and with a pneumotachograph. Breathholds at TLC (2 s and 10 s), and neck flexion reduced PEF by a mean of 9.8% (SD 2.9%), 9.6% (SD 1.6%), and 8.7% (SD 2.8%), respectively, when measured with the spirometer. The same pattern of results was seen when measured with the pneumotachograph. These reductions occurred despite similar respiratory effort. Voluntarily raising intrathoracic pressure during a 10 s breathhold did not reverse a fall in PEF. MFEE manoeuvre with neck extension did not result in an increase in PEF, the group mean % changes being -3.0% (SD 5.0%). We conclude that these results do not allow the hypothesis that "wave-speed" (Vws) is reached at PEF to be rejected. A breathhold at TLC could increase airway wall compliance by allowing stress-relaxation of the airway, thus reducing the "Vws" achievable.     

Special Issue in Honor of Ben Shneiderman's 60th Birthday: Reflections on Human-Computer Interaction

Abstract

Unlike most Web portals in the world, Chinese Web portals are characterized by a huge amount of information, excessive visual stimuli, and very long Web pages. The objective of this study is to investigate the effect of such rich Web portal designs and floating animations on visual search, emphasizing a comparison between Chinese users and German users. Two experiments were conducted to test 2 proposed hypotheses. Experiment 1 studied the effect of Web portal design (rich and simple) on visual search performance (performance time, errors, and satisfaction) with both Chinese and German participants. Experiment 2 studied the effects of static animations (leaderboards, couplets, and large squares) and floating animations (moving down, moving up/down, and random movement) on visual search performance on Web portals. The dependent variables were the performance time, error, satisfaction, and animation recognition. The results indicated that participants using simple Web portals searched faster, made fewer errors, and were more satisfied than participants using rich Web portals. No significant differences were found between the performance time of Chinese participants and German participants. However, satisfaction of Chinese participants was found to be less influenced by the differences between simple and rich Web portal designs, compared with German participants. No significant differences were found in performance time and animation recognition between static animations and floating animations, which indicated that users are able to detect the pattern of animation movements and were able to avoid floating animations as well as static animations. People searching pages with randomly floating animations were found to use significantly more time compared with those searching pages with no animations. Furthermore, users' satisfaction for pages with randomly floating animations, moving down animations, and moving up/down animations was significantly lower than for pages with no animations. Implications for designers and for future research are discussed.     

顶管法施工技术在水利工程中的应用

随着我国中小型水库除险加固工程的进行,众多水库的输水涵管亟待处理,顶管技术的优越性越来越得到人们的青睐.随着技术的发展,顶管技术在我国地下管线工程施工中起到了重要的作用.文章主要介绍了顶管法施工技术在水库输水涵管施工中的应用.     

极板放置方式对电铸层中微米/纳米SiC复合量影响的研究

在分析固体颗粒自身重力对复合电铸过程影响的基础上，就极板放置方式对复合电铸层中微米颗粒和纳米颗粒复合量的影响进行了研究，用SEM测定了两种复合电铸层的表面形貌并进行了表面能谱分析，探讨了间歇搅拌对复合共沉积过程的影响。研究表明。极板放置方式和间歇搅拌对提高微米颗粒在复合电铸层中的复合量有一定程度的影响，而对提高纳米颗粒在复合电铸层中的复合量影响甚微。     

立式储罐ZXZ内防腐机械施工工法(YJGF46-96)

我们研制的"立式储罐ZXZ内防腐施工机具",使大罐内防腐工作实现了机械化施工,已申报国家专利. 它不但能组成系统对200～20000m3立式储罐进行喷砂除锈、喷漆防腐、检测等机械作业,还可使用部分机械,对小罐、管线等进行除锈防腐作业.通过对200～5000m3组装试验和对1000、700、2000、3000m3储罐的现场施工和改进,形成一套完整的工法.     

Effect of grain orientation on the corrosion resistance of FSSW joints made in AZ31B

Localised corrosion at the weld periphery of AZ31B friction stir spot welds has been associated with microstructural evolution during the welding process. Several attempts have been made to correlate these changes to the corrosion resistance of a joint; however, the influence of grain reorientation arising from the welding process has been overlooked. Here, the role of grain reorientation during FSSW was investigated using a combination of microcapillary polarisation and analytical microscopy. The influence of changes in grain orientation was shown to have a direct effect on the magnitude of the galvanic couple formed between the stir zone and the base metal.     

加强人工成本管理、提升企业管理能力

燃气销售企业是劳动密集型的企业,近年来随着员工收入的增加和福利水平的提高,人工成本也逐渐成为企业的第一大成本。本文结合燃气销售企业人工成本管理的现状及分析,从人工成本管理的基本要求、加强人力资源管理、完善员工收入分配和用工总量控制等方面提出了一些应对措施,以便企业更好地加强人工成本管理,提升企业的管理能力。     

Reduced analysis and confirmatory research on co-adaptability theoretical solution to conflicting events in construction engineering projects

The co-adaptability theoretical solution to conflicting events in construction engineering projects has three problems. First, the transformation of constraint conditions of theoretical solution is very difficult in practical engineering applications; second, some coefficients are difficult to be determined; third, there are overfull circular arithmetic operations involved in it. To resolve these problems, a new method to reduce the theoretical solution complications is proposed. By analyzing the operating ...