Information from social networking sites: Context collapse and ambiguity in the hiring process

Forming impressions of job candidates is a challenging process, one characterized by ambiguity brought about by the uncertainty associated with making decisions and judgments. To reduce ambiguity, hiring professionals have established policies and procedures to facilitate the sourcing and use of information about a candidate. However, recently, a public source of information is increasingly being used—information from social networking sites (SNSs). While conventional wisdom says more information is better and can help make decisions less ambiguous, this relationship may not be as straightforward as expected when facing assessments of candidates. This paper examines two such aspects, information‐task quality and context collapse, and their collective impact on ambiguity when making an assessment of a job candidate. Using data from an online survey‐based experiment, the findings suggest information from SNSs can be useful, yet can create ambiguity for decision makers because of context collapse made possible by SNS technologies.     

Multilingual natural language generation for multilingual software: A functional linguistic approach

In this paper we present an implemented account of multilingual linguistic resources for multilingual text generation that improves significantly on the degree of reuse of resources both across languages and across applications. We argue that this is a necessary step for multilingual generation in order to reduce the high cost of constructing linguistic resources and to make natural language generation relevant for a wider range of applications particularly, in this paper, for multilingual software and user interfaces. We begin by contrasting a weak and a strong approach to multilinguality in the state of the art in multilingual text generation. Neither approach has provided sufficient principles for organizing multilingual work. We then introduce our framework , where multilingual variation is included as an intrinsic feature of all levels of representation. We provide an example of multilingual tactical generation using this approach and discuss some of the performance, maintenance, and development issues that arise.     

Cognitive difficulty of a peripherally presented visual task affects head movements during gaze displacement

Characterization of flow properties of an artificial ventricle may aid development of designs to minimize thrombosis. Techniques for determining two such flow properties, viz. ventricular clearance rate and ejection fraction, are compared and validated here for polyurethane and silicone rubber ventricles operated in a mock circulatory loop at various stroke volumes and pulse rates. Ventricular clearance rats were measured both by clinical radionuclide tracer techniques and by an optical tracer method. Ejection fractions were measured by radionuclide imaging and validated by direct measurements of flow rate and ventricular volume. Results from the two methods for ventricular clearance are in close agreement. The optical tracer method is superior in spatial resolution, convenience and economy, but the radionuclide tracer method for ejection fraction gives excellent agreement with the absolute measurements.     

A backstepping‐based low‐and‐high gain design for marine vehicles

A backstepping control design for marine vehicles was described in (Marine Control Systems: Guidance, Navigation and Control of Ships, Rigs, and Underwater Vehicles. Marine Cybernetics AS: Trondheim, Norway, 2002). Under a backstepping feedback law, global asymptotic stability of the closed‐loop system can be shown under the assumption of unlimited actuation. This paper addresses the issues that arise in the implementation of a backstepping feedback law by saturating actuators. First, for a given backstepping feedback law, an estimate of the domain of attraction is given for the resulting closed‐loop system under actuator saturation. A high gain component is then constructed and augmented to the original backstepping feedback law. This additional high gain component is shown not to shrink the estimate of the domain of attraction but to possess the ability to improve the closed‐loop response and to reject disturbance. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

A general analysis of bit error probability for reference-basedBPSK mobile data transmission

Unified analysis of the performance of binary phase shift keying (BPSK) under static and mobile operating conditions is presented for the case in which a separate reference tone is used for channel sounding and subsequent `coherent' data detection. It is shown that under both Rician and Rayleigh fading conditions, the use of a reference can eliminate the irreducible error rate phenomenon, with minimal sacrifice in bit error rate performance over an ideal BPSK system     

Incremental value of myocardial perfusion scintigraphy in prognosis and outcomes of patients with coronary artery disease

The concept of incremental value in prognosis and outcome of patients with coronary artery disease is important to the field of noninvasive imaging. Because these tests are expensive, they should be held to the standard of demonstrating a statistical improvement over the information provided by clinical assessment and treadmill testing. Responding to the demand for cost-effective applications of myocardial perfusion scintigraphy, a large amount of research has recently been devoted to defining specific patient subsets in which incremental value exists for scintigraphy. Subsets thus far demonstrated to benefit incrementally include those men and women referred for possible coronary artery disease, with known coronary artery disease, and after percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty, coronary artery bypass grafting, unstable angina, or recent infarction. Incremental cost savings also apply to these subsets except for patients with normal ECGs at rest and less than 15% likelihood for significant coronary artery disease.