Pufferkapazität mikrofiltrierter Magermilchkonzentrate

The buffering capacity β of skim milk, of microfiltration concentrates made thereof, and of an evaporated concentrate was analyzed using a titrimetric method and the well‐known van Slyke equation. The contribution of the different active buffer pairs was calculated based on their apparent dissociation constants (pK_a) and their individual buffering curves. β was found to be correlated with their casein contents, and also with their whey protein‐ and ash content. Higher concentrations of dry matter, e.g., due to microfiltration or evaporation, result in a higher measured buffering capacity.     

Report on the 10th International Conference on Autonomous Infrastructure,Management, and Security (AIMS 2016)

This article is a report of the IFIP AIMS 2016, which was held at Universität der Bundeswehr München, Germany from June 20 to June 23, 2016. AIMS 2016 focused on the theme “Management and Security in the Age of Hyperconnectivity”. The AIMS conference positions itself in the network management community as an educational venue for young researchers and Ph.D. students. The AIMS program included keynotes, technical sessions and Ph.D. Workshop sessions, but also hands-on labs and an educational panel for training young academics. The highlights on each of the parts of the AIMS 2016 program are summarized in this article.     

Influence of soil type and storage conditions on sensory qualities of fresh‐cut cantaloupe (Cucumis melo)

On‐farm cantaloupe (Cucumis melo) production as well as fresh‐cut storage duration can affect postharvest fruit sensory attributes. Both effects of soil type during production of cantaloupe fruits and storage temperature after fresh‐cut processing on sensory flavour and texture attributes were determined. Melons grown in sandy loam vs heavy clay soil were lower in sweet aromatic and sweet taste and higher in moisture release and fermented flavour. Fruity/melon, sweet aromatic, surface wetness, hardness and moisture release attributes decreased while fermented and sour flavour increased during storage regardless of soil type. During storage an increase in peroxidase activity occurred in fruits produced in sandy loam soil but decreased in fruits produced in clay soil. Clay soil appeared to have some advantages over sandy loam soil in producing cantaloupe fruits with better sensory quality attributes. Storage temperature conditions in this experiment (4 °C for 10 days or 4 °C for 4 days plus 10 °C for 6 days) did not have a statistically significant effect on these sensory attributes. Copyright © 2004 Society of Chemical Industry     

Developing an interview guide to evaluate practice-based evidence in nutrition: use of the delphi technique

An interview guide was created for qualitative evaluation of the impact of Practice-based Evidence in Nutrition (PEN) on dietetic practice, and its success as a medium for knowledge translation and transfer (KTT). The Delphi technique was used to bring together a diverse group of experts (n=7) with extensive knowledge in KTT and evidence-based practice (EBP); these experts developed the interview guide content. The technique is an effective means of gathering expert input to inform evaluation tool development, particularly in the absence of accepted evaluation guidelines or pre-existing evaluation tools. Although challenges exist with the Delphi technique, it is an adaptable method that can be modified to meet a variety of needs. During this project, the technique was modified to meet specific needs, including participants' partial anonymity and starting material to reduce the number of required rounds. The resulting interview guide contained open-ended questions focused on respondents' understanding of EBP and PEN, use of PEN by dietitians in other disciplines, perceptions of the quality/usefulness of PEN, and barriers to and facilitators of PEN use.     

Performance issues of dietetic interns: a dietetic educator's perspective.

PURPOSE: Dietetic internships provide practical experience leading, in most cases, to the attainment of entry-level dietetic competence. Problematic intern performance issues were examined, as were how educators resolve these issues and the supports they require to manage them. METHODS: A survey was electronically distributed to all Dietitians of Canada internship/university course directors (n=57). The response rate was 40% (n=23). RESULTS: Annually, 61% of internships involve challenging performance issues related to intern knowledge, skills, attitude, and behaviour. These issues manifest themselves individually or in combination as an intern's inability to apply/demonstrate appropriate knowledge/skill, a view/approach to the profession that is not in keeping with the organizational view, an attitude that is in conflict with program values, a negative response to feedback, an inability to relate to others, work habits that are in conflict with program values, and personal attributes that detract from the ability to meet program expectations. Educators respond to these issues by modifying their communications, the learning environment, and the program. CONCLUSIONS: Educators' strategies could be enhanced through consultation with other educators, mentor training, and the development of formal procedures.     

Cognitive representations of power in caregiving relationships: Biasing effects on interpersonal interaction and information processing.

Relationship schemas were explored as organizers of responses to challenging encounters with children. Adults who see themselves as lacking power as caregivers were predicted to show increased "defensive" activity and reduced processing capacity when primed for thoughts of caregiving challenge. In Study 1, 160 mothers engaged in experimentally manipulated interactions with unrelated children who appeared to be responsive or unresponsive to them. Mothers with low perceived power manifested "defensive" activity (i.e., appeasement smiles) and difficulty recalling their thoughts after challenging interactions. In Study 2, 150 unmarried women carried out a cognitively demanding task after activation of thoughts of easy or challenging interactions with children. Women with low perceived power showed cognitive interference effects after they had been primed to think about challenging interactions. Activation of low power schemas was interpreted as leading to reduced cognitive capacity. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Synesthesia: A new approach to understanding the development of perception.

In this article, the authors introduce a new theoretical framework for understanding intersensory development. Their approach is based upon insights gained from adults who experience synesthesia, in whom sensory stimuli induce extra cross-modal or intramodal percepts. Synesthesia appears to represent one way that typical developmental mechanisms can play out by magnifying connections present in early life that are pruned and/or inhibited during development but persist in muted form in all adults. As such, the study of synesthesia provides valuable insights into the nature of intersensory development. The authors review evidence on the perceptual reality and neural basis of synesthesia, then summarize developmental models and evidence that its underlying mechanisms are universal in adults. They illustrate how evidence for consistent sensory associations in adults leads to predictions about toddlers' perception and present 3 bodies of work that have confirmed those hypotheses. They end by describing novel hypotheses about intersensory development that arise from this framework. Such intersensory associations appear to reflect intrinsic sensory cortical organization that influences the development of perception and of language and that may constrain the learning of environmentally based associations. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Developing professional identities: remaking the academic for corporate times

This article posits the view that a new curriculum is being applied to professional identity formation as we enter the new millennium. The changing nature of academics' life and work is used as a case study in how new knowledge is being applied in ways that represent a radical departure from the sort of knowledge traditionally associated with formal institutions of learning. The authors use one academic manager's vision of excellence as an instance of the application of this new curriculum. They then broaden the focus to consider how this instance takes its place in a more widespread imperative to reshape work practices through the creation of enterprising cultures and enterprising individuals, within universities and outside them. The analysis concludes by returning to consider the tactics being used to re/form the Australian academic as an 'excellent' teacher.