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31.
Sloves Richard E.; Docherty Edward M.; Schneider Kenneth C. 《Canadian Metallurgical Quarterly》1979,10(1):28
Comments that much of the current controversy in psychodiagnostics is a result of the failure to differentiate between assessment as a process of problem solving and testing as one set of methods for problem solving. One solution to this problem is for practice and training to shift away from their current emphasis on knowledge and technical expertise and toward a conceptual approach to psychological assessment. A scientific, problem-solving model of psychological practice is described in detail as it applies to the process of assessment. The model consists of 3 basic elements: The problem-solving process, levels of organizational action, and methods. The problem-solving process itself is broken down into 6 steps: problem clarification, planning, development, implementation, evaluation, and dissemination. Implications of the model for the improvement of practice, for the determination of assessment competency, and for training are discussed. (27 ref) (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved) 相似文献
32.
The incorporation of a range of iron-containing inorganic and organometallic compounds into a semi-rigid PVC formulation has been investigated. Limiting Oxygen Index and Smoke Density data were obtained across a wide range of formulations and the effects of the compounds on flammability and smoke generation are discussed. Iron-containing inorganic compounds appear to have little effect on the flammability of semi-rigid PVC but several of the organoiron compounds and iron oxides markedly reduce smoke formation. 相似文献
33.
34.
Herbert J. Tobias Peter M. Kooiman Kenneth S. Docherty Paul J. Ziemann 《Aerosol science and technology》2013,47(1-2):170-190
An instrument has been developed for real-time, quantitative chemical analys is of organic particles in laboratory environments. In this apparatus, which we call a Thermal Desorption Particle Beam Mass Spectrometer (TDPBMS), particles are sampled into a differentially-pumped vacuum chamber, focused into a narrow, low-divergence particle beam using aerodynamic lenses, and then transported into a high-vacuum region where they impact on a heated surface, evaporate, and the vapor is mass analyzed in a quadrupole mass spectrometer. The average composition of a continuous stream of particles is thus measured in real time, and size-dependent composition can be obtained by passing the incoming aerosol through a differential mobility analyzer. The TDPBMS can analyze multi component organic particles in the 0.02-0.5mu m size range for compound concentrations 0.1-1mu g m3 without particle matrix effects. By using careful calibration techniques that account for particle shape and transport efficiency, the particulate organic components can be quantified with an estimated uncertainty of 20%. The utility of TDPBMS for laboratory studies of aerosol chemistry is demonstrated by monitoring the tridecanoic acid concentration in secondary organic aerosol formed during a smog chamber reaction of 1-tetradecene and ozone. 相似文献
35.
Both type 1 and type 2 diabetes are characterized by a progressive loss of beta cell mass that contributes to impaired glucose homeostasis. Although an optimal treatment option would be to simply replace the lost cells, it is now well established that unlike many other organs, the adult pancreas has limited regenerative potential. For this reason, significant research efforts are focusing on methods to induce beta cell proliferation (replication of existing beta cells), promote beta cell formation from alternative endogenous cell sources (neogenesis), and/or generate beta cells from pluripotent stem cells. In this article, we will review (i) endogenous mechanisms of beta cell regeneration during steady state, stress and disease; (ii) efforts to stimulate endogenous regeneration and transdifferentiation; and (iii) exogenous methods of beta cell generation and transplantation. 相似文献
36.
An attempt was made to partition changes in milk yield during lactation in the rat between changes in the size of the secretory cell population and changes in cellular activity. Groups of rats were studied on d 2, 7, 14, 21 and 28 of lactation. Milk yield increased between d 2 and 7, less markedly between d 7 and 14 and decreased between d 14 and 21. Milk secretion had apparently ceased on d 28. Total mammary DNA (DNAt) and RNA (RNAt) increased from d 2 to 14. It is concluded that of the increase in milk yield between d 2 and 14, an increase in cell population accounted for 75% and an increase in cellular activity for 25%. A decrease in activity appeared to be entirely responsible for the decrease in yield between d 14 and 21. 相似文献
37.
Docherty Nancy M.; Hawkins Keith A.; Hoffman Ralph E.; Quinlan Donald M.; Rakfeldt Jaak; Sledge William H. 《Canadian Metallurgical Quarterly》1996,105(2):212
The authors hypothesized that schizophrenic communication disturbances reflect specific cognitive deficits in the areas of working memory and attention. They examined the cognitive correlates of communication disturbances, as measured by linguistic reference performance, in schizophrenic (n?=?48), bipolar (n?=?24), and nonpsychiatric control (n?=?23) individuals. Reference performance ratings in the schizophrenic patients were associated with scores on tests of working memory and attention and were not related to performance on concept formation or verbal fluency tests. In contrast, in the bipolar and nonpsychiatric individuals, reference performance was associated with concept formation and verbal fluency test scores but was not related to performance on tests of working memory. Implications with respect to the processes underlying schizophrenic communication disturbances are discussed. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved) 相似文献
38.
The effects of a 9-week aerobic interval training program on anaerobic intermittent performance were investigated. Intermittent work consisted of four repeat 30-sec maximal efforts on a cycle ergometer (Wingate test) with 3-min recovery intervals. Thirteen men trained 3 days a week on the cycle ergometer, completing 3-min work-to-rest intervals and progressing from 5 to 10 reps. Relative and absolute values of aerobic power increased significantly for the training group (p < .05). No significant change was observed for the control group (n = 11). The training group demonstrated significant increases in the four anaerobic variables of short-term peak power (SPP), short-term anaerobic capacity (SAC), intermediate-term peak power (IPP), and total work (TW), and across the four 30-sec maximal repeats for anaerobic performance (T1-T4) (p < .05). Greater percentages of increase occurred for IPP and TW, especially during Repeats 3 and 4. The control group only demonstrated a significant increase in SPP for Repeat 3. These data suggest that the type of interval training program used in the study increased aerobic power and also enhanced performance in repeated high intensity, short duration work. 相似文献
39.
Kerns John G.; Docherty Anna R.; Martin Elizabeth A. 《Canadian Metallurgical Quarterly》2008,117(4):735
Two studies examined whether self-reported anhedonia is associated with 2 facets of emotional experience, valence and arousal. In Study 1, in multiple assessments of emotional experience (e.g., naturalistic and lab contexts and social and nonsocial situations), people with elevated social anhedonia (n = 40) reported less intensity of positive affect than both controls (n = 30) and people with elevated perceptual aberration-magical ideation (n = 29). Social anhedonia was also associated with providing less emotional content when describing what it is like to experience positive situations. In contrast, both social anhedonia and perceptual aberration-magical ideation were associated with increased frequency of negative affect for their daily experiences. Moreover, social anhedonia was not associated with a decrease specifically in high-arousal emotions. In Study 2 (n = 339), social and physical anhedonia (but not perceptual aberration-magical ideation) were again associated with decreased self-reported positive affect to lab stimuli. In these studies, results were not statistically accounted for by personality, current mood, or current distress. Overall, results suggest anhedonia may be associated with a general decrease in self-reported positive affect intensity. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved) 相似文献
40.
KI impregnated carbons are used to prevent emission of traces of radioactive iodine compounds from British gas-cooled nuclear reactors. Commercial activated carbons, both with and without potassium iodide impregnant, have been compared in terms of the carbon dioxide and monoxide evolved when they are subjected to a linear temperature rise under inert gas. The desorption patterns obtained have been related to the type of carbon, the effect of aqueous impregnation and the effect of increasing surface oxidation with time (ageing). A strong relationship between the level of combined surface oxygen and methyl iodide retention efficiency is proposed and it is shown that those surface groups which decompose to carbon dioxide have the most deleterious effect on the retention efficiency of methyl iodide. Carboxylic acid and anhydride groups are the most likely source of carbon dioxide and prevention or reduction of the rate of formation of these groups is a necessary step in maintaining carbon performance. 相似文献