Novel cyclic sulfonium iodide containing siloxane high performance electrolyte for dye-sensitized solar cell

A new type of solid and gel state electrolytes based on siloxane cyclic sulfonium iodides was synthesized and used in dye-sensitized solar cells. The resulting electrolytes were characterized by ¹H NMR, TGA, diffusion coefficient, and ion conductivity. The thermo-oxidative stabilities of the prepared ionic species are lower than that of DMII because the bond strength of S⁺–C in thiophenium is lower than that of N⁺–C in imidazolium. Among the three SiCSIs based electrolytes, SiCSI3 showed a maximum photo-conversion efficiency of 7.3%. In addition, the performance of the DSSCs showed relatively reasonable compared with the imidazolium type DMII electrolyte.     

Partial SOI type isolation for improvement of DRAM cell transistor characteristics

A new DRAM cell transistor using an isotropic etching under the storage node is proposed, and it is shown that the structure gives improvement both in the short-channel effect and in the body-bias control. The asymmetrical characteristics of the structure are analyzed by experiments and simulation, and the feasibility of utilizing the asymmetric characteristics is reported.     

Determination of pneumatic transport capabilities of dry pulverised coal suitable for entrained flow processes

The use of pulverised coal in integrated gasification combined cycle (IGCC) power plant is currently under development. The results of a project to determine the suitability of Chinese coals for dry feed to the entrained flow gasifier that forms part of the above cycle are presented. This paper also includes some basic material characterisation of the pulverised coal.Pneumatic conveying test rigs were used in conjunction with a mathematical model to generate conveying characteristics for coal at high back pressures. The overall strategy was to test both coal and surrogate at atmospheric back pressure to compare the two materials' performance, under similar conveying conditions; and to test the surrogate material at elevated back pressure, and use this data to validate a mathematical model. The similarity of behaviours of the two materials then allowed the model to be applied to the data measured for coal and so generate conveying characteristics at conditions typical of entrained flow.The mathematical model used to scale the results to high back pressures, which characterise entrained flow processes, is based on the assumption that the influence of the pressure drop due to solids is independent of the back pressure, in the range of conditions considered. Conveying characteristics were generated at a variety of back pressures ranging from 1 to 25 bar. A brief analysis of the minimum conveying velocity is also presented.     

YH—MCS可重构容错多机EMS单元控制系统的设计和实现

随着ＦＭＳ（柔性制造系统）制造单元的日益复杂，ＦＭＳ单元控制系统也从单机系统发展成多机系统。一多机系统具有更强的数据处理能力，更大的灵活性和更高的容错能力。本文介绍一个基于多机的容错ＦＭＳ单元控制系统ＹＨ—ＭＣＳ，详细讨论了它的体系结构，容错和故障定位的特点以及实现技术，并总结了基于多机的单元控制系统的优点。     

Solving fixed configuration problems with genetic search

Configuring a design from parts out of catalogs requires searching large numbers of combinations of parts. Optimizing search techniques are not practical for searching for parts in catalogus because the computation time is often excessive. Rule-based approaches suffer from being domain specific and thus are not appropriate for the general solution methods sought for in this work. The research reported in this paper found that a satisficing technique based on genetic search is a feasible alternative. It shows how catalog search can be solved with a genetic-search approach. It was discovered that encoding catalogs without any regard to part features did not reduce the effectiveness of the technique. The performance of genetic search also compares vary favorably with branch and bound.     

The lipids of slugs and snails: Evolution,diet and biosynthesis

There is a considerable gap in current knowledge of the lipid composition of snails and slugs, both of which belong to the phylum Mollusca. We have therefore analyzed the sterol and fatty acid compositions of three species of slugs and three species of snails. The sterols of slugs included eight different sterols: cholesterol contributed 76–85% of the total sterols, brassicasterol accounted for 4–13%; other sterols we identified were lathosterol, 24-methylene cholesterol, campesterol, stigmasterol, sitosterol and sitostanol. In contrast, snails contained two additional sterols, desmosterol and cholestanol. Of the polyunsaturated fatty acids in slugs, linoleic (18∶2n−6) and arachidonic acids (20∶4n−6) were the major n−6 fatty acids, while linolenic (18∶3n−3) and eicosapentaenoic acids (20∶5n−3) were the predominant n−3 fatty acids. Docosahexaenoic acid (22∶6n−3), the end product in the n−3 fatty acid synthetic pathway and an important membrane fatty acid of mammals, fish and birds, was absent in both slugs and snails. However, the analogous product of n−6 fatty acid synthesis, 22∶5n−6, was found in both snails and slugs. This raises speculation about preference for n−6 fatty acid synthesis in these species. Our data show the unique sterol and fatty acid compositions of slugs and snails, as well as similarities and differences in sterol composition between the two. The results between the two land mollusks are contrasted with those of marine mollusks, such as oysters, clams and scallops.     

光子选通光谱烧孔用于光存储的研究

分别研究了无机和有机两类光子选通光谱烧孔材料，即稀土离子Ｓｍ＾２＋掺杂的氟卤化物无机混晶材料有机的给体－受体电子转移型材料，探讨了材料的设计和制备，并对材料的性能（如存储密度、工作温度、写入速度、信息保存时间等）进行了分析。     

Male role and gender role conflict: Relations to help seeking in men.

Tested theory that adherence to the traditional male gender role and help-seeking attitudes and behaviors are related. Ss were 401 undergraduate men who completed measures of help-seeking attitudes and behaviors, attitudes toward the stereotypic male role, and gender role conflict factors (i.e., success/power/competition, restrictive emotionality, and restrictive affectionate behavior between men). Canonical analysis and regression indicated that traditional attitudes about the male role, concern about expressing emotions, and concern about expressing affection toward other men were each significantly related to negative attitudes toward seeking professional psychological assistance. Restrictive emotionality also significantly predicted decreased past help-seeking behavior and decreased likelihood of future help seeking. The implications of these results for theory, research, and counseling practice are discussed. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Experimental investigation of an FMS due-date scheduling problem: Evaluation of machine and AGV scheduling rules

Although extensive research has been conducted to solve design and operational problems of automated manufacturing systems, many of the problems still remain unsolved. This article investigates the scheduling problems of flexible manufacturing systems (FMSs). Specifically, the relative performances of machine and automated guided vehicle (AGV) scheduling rules are analyzed against various due-date criteria. First, the relevant literature is briefly reviewed, and then the rules are tested under different experimental conditions by using a simulation model of an FMS. The sensitivity to AGV workload, buffer capacity, and processing-time distribution is also investigated to assess the robustness of the scheduling rules.     

Solid-state thermochromism and piezochromism in the polysilylenes

The polysilylenes exhibit complex solid-state structures and electronic properties. In this report the solid-state conformational structures of symmetrically substituted poly(di-n-alkylsilylenes) are described. Comparisons between the different structures and their respective UV absorption characteristics demonstrate that the relationship is complex and aspects of molecular geometry beyond chain conformation must be considered. The thermochromic and piezochromic behavior of several of these polysilylenes is discussed. The all-trans conformation of the silicon backbone is associated with both phenomena. The properties of several polysilylene copolymers have also been investigated. We find that some of the copolymers form a well-ordered structure and exhibit absorption characteristics similar to the crystalline phases of the corresponding homopolymers.