Auroral-E mode oblique HF propagation and its dependence on auroraloval position

The characteristics of 25.5 MHz one-hop mode propagation on a 950 km Alaskan path, over a one-year period shortly after sunspot maximum are presented as a function of the “planetary geomagnetic index-Kp”. The location of the E-region reflection point lies within the auroral oval for 3相似文献   

Assignment methods in experimentation: When do nonrandomized experiments approximate answers from randomized experiments?

This meta-analysis compares effect size estimates from 51 randomized experiments to those from 47 nonrandomized experiments. These experiments were drawn from published and unpublished studies of Scholastic Aptitude Test coaching, ability grouping of students within classrooms, presurgical education of patients to improve postsurgical outcome, and drug abuse prevention with juveniles. The raw results suggest that the two kinds of experiments yield very different answers. But when studies are equated for crucial features (which is not always possible), nonrandomized experiments can yield a reasonably accurate effect size in comparison with randomized designs. Crucial design features include the activity level of the intervention given the control group, pretest effect size, selection and attrition levels, and the accuracy of the effect-size estimation method. Implications of these results for the conduct of meta-analysis and for the design of good nonrandomized experiments are discussed. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

High temperature /spl pi//2-SQUID

A new DC-SQUID is proposed that exploits the properties of the grain boundary junctions in high T/sub c/ superconductors. The orientations of the grain boundaries are chosen in such a way to establish a /spl pi//2 (rather than 0 or /spl pi/) phase difference between the equilibrium phases of the two Josephson junctions in the SQUID loop. This property is exploited to increase the sensitivity and direction dependence of the SQUID for measuring magnetic flux without additional flux generating coils.     

Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay of epidermal growth factor receptor in lung cancer: comparisons with immunohistochemistry, clinicopathological features and prognosis

PURPOSE: Cyclosporine-A (CSA) combined with corticosteroid therapy was administered to 12 patients with severe Beh?et's uveitis who were resistant to colchicine or cytotoxic therapy. METHODS: Previous colchicine or cytotoxic therapies were tapered off one month before CSA therapy. All patients were started on an initial oral dose of 5 mg/kg/day of CSA. After the first three months, the CSA dose was reduced to a maintenance dose according to the intraocular inflammatory response. RESULTS: The average follow-up period was 20 (12-36) months. Visual acuity remained the same in 12 (%54.5) and improved in 8 (%36.4) eyes. There was a decrease in the frequency (p<0.01) and severity (p<0.01) of ocular attacks and in the maintenance steroid dose (p<0.01) when compared with conventional therapy. The frequent side effects were paraesthesia-hyperesthesia, fatigue, nausea, hirsutism and dose-related nephrotoxicity in one patient. CONCLUSION: The results of the study suggest that low dose CSA combined with low dose corticosteroid may be an effective therapeutic alternative in the treatment of severe refractory Beh?et's uveitis.     

The discovery of southern childhoods: Psychology and the transformation of schooling in the Jim Crow south.

Although the psychology of race in America has been the subject of significant research, psychological science in the principal region of racial interaction before Brown v. Board of Education-the South-has received little attention. This article argues that the introduction of psychological ideas about children by means of school reform in the South during the half-century before the Brown decision established a cultural foundation for both Black resistance to segregated schools and White determination to preserve them. In 1900, southern children and their schools were an afterthought in a culture more committed to tradition and racial stability than innovation and individual achievement. The advent of northern philanthropy, however, brought with it a new psychology of childhood. Although the reformers did not intend to subvert segregation, their premises downplayed natural endowment, including racial inheritance, and favored concepts highlighting nurture: that personality is developmental, childhood foundational, and adversity detrimental. Decades of discussion of children in their learning environment gave southern Blacks a rationale for protest and Whites a logical defense for conservative reaction. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Determination of 4-octylphenol and 4-nonylphenol congeners in composite foods.

A method for the determination of alkylphenols in food using cold solvent extraction with methanol, followed by a two-stage chromatographic purification and GC-MS analysis, was developed. The method was validated and used to measure concentrations of 4-octylphenol and 4-nonylphenol congener totals in UK duplicate diet samples. Individual 4-n-octylphenol and 4-n-nonylphenol congeners were also measured, although these were not detected in any sample. Only one sample showed 4-tert-octylphenol at 8.7 microg kg(-1), but levels of 4-nonylphenol ranged from not detectable (<3.8 microg kg(-1)) to 25 microg kg(-1). This concentration range is lower than that reported by others. Tests carried out on the stability of the octyl- and nonylphenol congeners in a duplicate diet matrix over 6 months suggest that some analyte depletion might have occurred during extended frozen storage, which in part may account for the relatively lower concentrations detected, although the extent of usage of these compounds also needs to be taken into consideration.     

First year serologic response to treatment for syphilis: a model for prediction of seroreversion

There is no straightforward test available, within weeks of treatment for syphilis, to assess adequacy of serologic response. We propose a method to predict non-treponemal seroreversion based on short term response. To develop and illustrate this method, we used data from 370 individuals with infectious syphilis. Individual serologic response appears to be a linear function of (log) time, suggesting the possibility of using rapid plasma reagin titres recorded in the first few months after treatment to determine the slope of the linear treatment response line. The slope of the response line, during the first year after treatment, is an important predictor of seroreversion but must be considered in conjunction with pre-treatment titre. We recommend development of an action line be developed based on these variables. Such a line would indicate the necessity for retreatment if the line plotted from the patient's first year response failed to fall below the action line.     

An investigation of six- to eleven-year-old children with allergic disorders.

Compared 6-11 yr. old children with and without allergic reactions on their intellectual ability, academic performance, social interaction patterns, medical history, TAT responses, and scores on a number of other psychological tests. Placement in the allergic sample was determined by a medical history provided by the parents of each child. The allergic sample included 199 boys and 172 girls, while the nonallergic sample consisted of 419 boys and 400 girls. Results indicate that Ss who did not exhibit allergic reactions were otherwise healthier and were rated as superior on a number of academic, social, and emotional adjustment dimensions. Results are related to studies of psychosomatic children. (19 ref.) (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Rat strain differences in copulatory behavior after para-chlorophenylalanine and hormone treatment.

The potentiation of masculine copulatory behavior in castrated male rats following systemic parachlorophenylalanine (PCPA) treatment was found to be dependent upon the strain of rat and the recency of castration. Wistar (W) and Sprague-Dawley (SD) males displayed a decline in behavioral responsiveness to PCPA treatment following castration, the Ws retaining their behavioral responsiveness longer than SDs. Castrated Ws were also behaviorally more responsive to androgen replacement than were SDs. Ovariectomized W and SD females receiving estrogen replacement displayed a strain difference in hormonal sensitivity. In tests for feminine copulatory behavior, ovariectomized Ws were behaviorally more sensitive to estrogen treatment than SDs. Ovariectomized and estrogen-primed females of both strains displayed potentiated lordotic behavior following chronic PCPA treatment. Concomitant treatment with dexamethasone to reduce adrenal steroid output abolished the potentiation of lordotic behavior found with PCPA treatment. (47 ref) (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)