Variability of light absorption properties in optically complex inland waters of Lake Chaohu,China

Absorption coefficients of phytoplankton, colored detrital matter (CDM), non-algal particles (NAP), colored dissolved organic matter (CDOM), and their relative contributions to total non-water absorption (a_t ? w) are essential variables for bio-optical and radiative transfer models. Light absorption properties showed large range and variability sampled at 194 stations throughout Lake Chaohu between May 2013 and April 2015. The a_t ? w was dominated by phytoplankton absorption (a_ph) and NAP absorption (a_d). The contribution of CDOM absorption to a_t ? w was lower than 30%. Phytoplankton and NAP were the primary sources of spatial and vertical variability in absorption properties. Light absorption by CDOM, though significant in magnitude, was relatively constant. CDM absorption (a_dg) was dominated by NAP. The spatial variation of the absorption coefficients from each of the optically active constituents were driven by several main inflow rivers in the western and middle part of Lake Chaohu. Algal blooms and bottom resuspension contributed to vertical variability as observed by phytoplankton and NAP profiles. Specific absorption of phytoplankton had significant spatial and seasonal variations without vertical variation. The spectral slope of absorption showed no significant spatial variability (p > 0.05). Variations of absorption affected different ranges of remote sensing reflectance (R_rs) spectrum, thereby increasing the difficulty of applying the remote sensing algorithm in optically complex waters. Parameters and relationships presented in this study provide useful information for bio-optical models and remote sensing of lakes similar to Lake Chaohu in terms of optical properties.     

乙炔吸收系统倒开车实现装置产品快速合格

中国石油吉林石化公司聚乙烯厂700kt/a乙烯装置老区采用溶剂吸收技术脱出乙炔精制乙烯工艺。多年来,乙炔吸收塔塔顶回流泵开车初期不上量问题一直制约着装置开车进度。经过摸索,技术人员尝试对开车流程进行调整,攻克了难题。文中对该装置具体的调整措施进行了阐述。     

The SMSI between supported platinum and CeO2–ZrO2–La2O3 mixed oxides in oxidative atmosphere

CeO₂–ZrO₂–La₂O₃ (CZL) mixed oxides were prepared by citric acid sol–gel method. The as-received gel was calcined at 500, 700, 900 and 1050 °C to obtain the so-called C5, C7, C9 and CK, respectively. The C5, C7 and C9 powders were impregnated with H₂PtCl₆ and then calcined at 500 °C to prepare P5C5, P5C7 and P5C9, respectively. The impregnated CK powders were calcined at 500, 700 and 900 °C to prepare P5CK, P7CK and P9CK, respectively. The XRD and XPS analyses show that the surface distribution of Pt is evidently influenced by the structural and textural properties of the support. The CO adsorption followed by FTIR reveals that the dispersion and the chemisorption sites of Pt are reduced as the calcination temperature of CZL support increases. The chemisorption ability of the CK samples is even completely deactivated. The encapsulation mechanism, which has been applied to explain the so-called strong metal–support interaction (SMSI) after reductive treatment, is introduced here to demonstrate the abnormal observations though the samples were prepared in oxidative atmosphere. The HRTEM results also confirm this explanation. The effects of oxygen vacancies, the chemisorption sites on the Pt surface and Pt/Ce interfacial sites on the three-way catalytic activities are discussed.     

汽车灯用热熔胶的研究及性能表征

介绍了生产汽车灯用热熔胶的各种原料及其在胶粘剂中所起的主要作用，为汽车灯用热熔胶原料的选择提供了参考。还介绍了汽车灯用热熔胶的制备过程和厂家所需的各种性能及其表征方法。通过选择适当的原料及配比，生产出性能优良并具有良好市场前景的产品。     

带长矩形接管受压圆简体的有限元分析与强度计算

本文运用有限元软件FEPG,建立了带长矩形接管受压圆筒体的三维参数化有限元模型,研究了矩形接管部位的应力分布特点,按照分析设计规范对带长矩形接管受压圆筒体进行了强度评定,并针对应力分布的不合理性提出了结构改进措施。     

基于可变影响空间的多目标进化算法的解集均匀性评价方法

解集的均匀性评价是多目标进化算法中性能评价的要素之一.文中结合面向个体和面向空间的思想,提出可变影响空间的概念,并基于此提出一种解集均匀性评价方法——基于可变影响空间的多目标进化算法的解集均匀性评价方法(VISUM).该方法通过分析个体在可变影响空间内的相对均匀程度,能准确反映解集的分布均匀性.实验结果证明文中方法的可行性和有效性.     

基于逐次散射法的海洋-大气矢量辐射传输模式

首先推导了粗糙洋面双向偏振反射模型pBRDF(Bidirectional Polarized Reflectance Distribution Function),并将其与SOSVRT(Successive Order of Scattering Radiative Transfer)矢量辐射传输模式耦合,建立了海洋-大气耦合的矢量辐射传输模式,并对该耦合模式的模拟结果与前人模拟结果进行对比,验证了该耦合模式的可靠性与有效性。不同大气和洋面状态、不同高度的主平面内辐射强度和偏振度的模拟结果表明:pBRDF模型可以很好地模拟不同风速下洋面的偏振反射分布特征;洋面在特定角度具有很高的偏振度,并对大气顶的偏振辐射有很大影响。因此,该耦合模式可以更准确地处理辐射光谱在海洋-大气两种介质间的传输问题,对矢量辐射传输、大气遥感问题的研究有重要意义。     

Na^＋和Ti^4＋对CaO—Al2O3—SiO2系玻璃结构和晶化的影响

使用ＲＡＭＡＮ光谱和ＤＴＡ方法研究了含少量Ｎａ＋和Ｔｉ４＋的ＣａＯ－Ａｌ２Ｏ３－ＳｉＯ２系玻璃，发现在纯ＣＡＳ系玻璃（Ｃａ／Ａｌ≥１／２，Ａｌ／Ｓｉ≤１）中，Ａｌ３＋仅有一部分进入玻璃网络，少量Ｎａ＋的引入，有助于Ａｌ３＋进一步进入玻璃网络中，Ｎａ＋起了间接补强玻璃网络的作用，Ｎａ＋和Ｃａ２＋离子对Ａｌ３＋进入玻璃网络结构程度的影响可认为是Ｎａ＋和Ｃａ２＋离子分别以［ＡｌＯ４］Ｎａ和［ＡｌＯ４］Ｃａ［ＡｌＯ４］基团的形式进入玻璃网络中，由于结合几率和体积效应，使［ＡｌＯ４］Ｎａ较［ＡｌＯ４］Ｃａ［ＡｌＯ４］更易进入玻璃网络中。Ｔｉ４＋以［ＴｉＯ４］的形式进入玻璃网络，它对Ａｌ３＋是否能进入玻璃网络无明显影响。Ｎａ＋和Ｔｉ４＋的单独引入，均能使玻璃网络的聚合程度增强，析晶活化能提高；而当Ｎａ＋和Ｔｉ４＋同时引入时，玻璃网络聚合程度和纯ＣＡＳ系玻璃相差不大，析晶活化能有所降低。少量Ｎａ＋的引入，不会影响析出主晶相的种类和数量，而Ｔｉ４＋的引入，则会影响到所析出主晶相的种类和数量。     

粘度调节剂对制备环氧树脂微球的影响

研究粘度调节剂对环氧树脂/二氨基二苯基砜/聚醚酰亚胺(EP/DDS/PEI)共混物相结构及制备EP微球的影响。结果表明,共混物中加入粘度调节剂后,固化过程中共混体系的粘度明显降低,随着粘度调节剂用量的增加,EP分散相尺寸逐渐增大,制得的EP微球粒径及粒径分布指数逐渐增大。EP微球的红外光谱显示粘度调节剂对EP微球的成分和相结构没有明显影响。     

六溴环十二烷合成条件的探索

研究了溶剂、反应温度对合成六溴环十二烷的影响。探索了溶剂的循环使用。以乙酸乙酯—乙醇作溶剂，反应温度≤１０℃得到的产品收率和熔点都较高。