Identification of miRNAs and Target Genes at Key Stages of Sexual Differentiation in Androdioecious Osmanthus fragrans

Androdioecy is the crucial transition state in the evolutionary direction of hermaphroditism to dioecy, however, the molecular mechanisms underlying the formation of this sex system remain unclear. While popular in China for its ornamental and cultural value, Osmanthus fragrans has an extremely rare androdioecy breeding system, meaning that there are both male and hermaphroditic plants in a population. To unravel the mechanisms underlying the formation of androdioecy, we performed small RNA sequencing studies on male and hermaphroditic O. fragrans. A total of 334 miRNAs were identified, of which 59 were differentially expressed. Functional categorization revealed that the target genes of differentially expressed miRNAs were mainly involved in the biological processes of reproductive development and the hormone signal transduction pathway. We speculated that the miRNA160, miRNA167, miRNA393 and miRNA396 families may influence the sex differentiation in O. fragrans. Overall, our study is the first exploration of miRNAs in the growth and development process of O. fragrans, and is also the first study of androdioecious plants from the miRNA sequencing perspective. The analysis of miRNAs and target genes that may be involved in the sex differentiation process lay a foundation for the ultimate discovery of the androdioecious molecular mechanism in O. fragrans.     

Prognostic Value,Immune Signature,and Molecular Mechanisms of the PHLDA Family in Pancreatic Adenocarcinoma

Background: Increasing evidence supports the belief that the pleckstrin homology domain family A (PHLDA) family is associated with the development of a variety of cancers. However, the function of the PHLDA family members in PAAD is still unclear. Methods: Comprehensive bioinformatic analyses using R (version 3.6.3), Cytoscape (version 3.9.1), UALCAN, etc., were performed to study the clinicopathological characteristics, prognostic value, immune features, and functional mechanisms of the PHLDA family members in PAAD. Results: The PHLDA family members showed significantly elevated expression in PAAD compared with paracancerous or normal tissues. Their high expression or amplification were significantly correlated with worse clinicopathological characteristics and prognosis in PAAD patients. In addition, the role of the PHLDA family members in the immune regulation is diverse and complex. Mechanistically, TP53 mutations were significantly associated with the promoter methylation and expression levels of the PHLDA family members, which were activated in multiple oncogenic pathways, including the EMT, RAS/MAPK, and TSC/mTOR pathways. Moreover, we found that their expression levels were significantly correlated with the sensitivity of multiple traditional chemotherapeutic drugs and novel targeted MEK1/2 inhibitors. Conclusion: The PHLDA family members play an oncogenic role in the development of PAAD and might serve as new biomarkers or therapeutic targets.     

采用长工作距离物镜的低噪声相移数字全息显微研究

在数字全息显微技术中,为了提高测量精度,提出了一种利用长工作距离物镜的相移数字全息显微的测量装置和方法。该装置采用LED作为照明光源,可以有效地抑制相位噪声,提高了重建精度。通过在长工作距离物镜和样品之间加入分光棱镜的方法,构建了一种准物参共路的迈克尔逊干涉仪。该装置结构简单,调整方便,在部分相干光照明时,容易实现干涉。重建时,采用盲相移干涉技术,结合两步盲相移算法,重建出物体的表面相位分布。实验中,分别采用LED照明和He-Ne激光照明,测量了一个反射式USAF1951分辨率板的高度分布。结果表明,两者的测量结果相互吻合,但是LED照明时的噪声与激光照明时相比降低了70%。此外,为了进一步验证装置的有效性,使用该装置对刻于硅基底的微纳矩形台阶进行测量,测量结果与标称值具有良好的一致性,表明该装置在微结构的形貌测量方面有广阔的应用前景。     

Effect of electrode change on solidification of slag and metal pool profile in electroslag remelting process

A two-dimensional axisymmetric model is established to study the effect of electrode change on the solidification of slag and metal pool profile during electros...     

二次熔盐锂电池用二硫化铁的合成及性能测试

利用加压水溶液法合成了黄铁矿型二硫化铁,研究了反应压力和溶液pH对产物中二硫化铁含量的影响,给出了合成反应的可能机理,测定了二硫化铁活性材料的利用率。     

氯化物熔体中铁离子的平衡及其应用

为了更好地了解镁电解中及熔盐氯化中铁的行为,对铁离子在氯化物中的化学平衡作了研究。求出在PCl₃=101.325kPa和实验温度下,反应FeCl_₂(熔)+1/2Cl₂(气)=FeCl₃(熔)的表观平衡常数K。在PCl₂=0和实验温度下,FeCl₃完全分解。K的测量值与回归方程的预报值很吻合。熔盐体系、氯分压和温度对K值影响较大,总铁浓度的影响稍小一些。在其他条件相同时,体系3的K值最大,这表明,用光卤石作为电解质时,镁电解的电流效率会低一些,而氯化钾含量高时,在熔盐氯化中铁的催化作用较好。     

双极性电解槽中损失电流的分析与计算

本文对双极性电解槽作了比较透彻的分析,提出了表达双极性电解槽的合理,可靠的等效电路,找到了更精确计算损失电流的数学方法,并有初步的实验数据验证。     

常用二元熔盐氯化物相图及其热力学性质的最优化

本文介绍了一种优化处理二元相图及热力学性质的方法。通过系统分析全部所获得的LiCl—KCl,LiCl—SrCl₂,NaCl—SrCl₂,NaCl—CaCl₂,NaCl—BaCl₂,KCl—BaCl₂,CaCl₂—BaCl₂,BaCl₂—SrCl₂等八个二元系热力学性质和相图的数据并进行优化处理,取得了热力学性质和相图自相一致的结果。     

树脂对碳纤维/玻璃纤维层间混杂复合材料湿态弯曲特性影响

为了探究树脂基体对相同铺层方式下碳纤维/玻璃纤维层间混杂复合材料(碳/玻体积混杂比为1.86/1)干态、湿态(100℃水煮2 h)弯曲特性的影响,首先对环氧树脂和乙烯基树脂浇铸体试样分别开展了耐水性加速老化试验,并对两种树脂浇铸体试样在每个老化试验周期下分别开展剩余弯曲特性试验;然后对碳/玻层间混杂复合材料开展干、湿态...     

振动香蕉筛在选煤厂的应用

香蕉筛是一种应用于大物料量的筛选处理的新型振动筛,重点介绍了其理论特点,发展过程、高效率和在选煤厂应用效果,它是传统倾斜式水平筛的理想替代振动筛,是今后振动筛的发展方向。