Globalization of software supply and demand

PCs and industrial microcomputers are changing the software industry dramatically. Many developing countries are now entering the commercial software domain, and this trend should accelerate in the twenty-first century. Software use is also expanding rapidly on a global basis. The author considers how these trends are sure to have a major effect on the US software industry     

A Survey of Current Work in Microprogramming

The purpose of this article is to provide a brief survey of current work in microprogramming and to assess future developments in microprogramming in terms of probable advances in semiconductor technology. The article is primarily directed toward readers who understand that "microprogram control" refers to implementation of the control function of a digital computer by means of control sequences that are stored in a memory rather than generated by a hardware control sequencer. The reader should also realize that the "machine" instructions of microprogrammed computers provide a means for organizing microinstructions into logically convenient modules.     

Mediated and primary stimulus-generalization bases of sexual symbolism.

Ss were asked to make associations of masculinity or femininity to simple geometric figures reproduced in such a way as to encompass both the primary stimulus-generalization basis of sexual symbolism emphasized by Freud and a mediated basis unrelated directly to psychoanalytic theory--the color dichotomy of black-gray. The materials were constructed so that each response would be scored as consistent with 1 basis of symbolism only. The results showed that both the primary and mediated bases of symbolism were very significantly effective in determining responses (p     

Validities of short WAIS batteries.

Several short forms of the Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale based upon several different rationales have been developed in recent years. The present study presents results of a cross-validation of 49 different short forms. Unlike previous studies, the short forms are cross-validated on both a psychiatric and on a nonpsychiatric population. Results revealed that for both the psychiatric and the nonpsychiatric populations (a) the mean estimated and the mean Full Scale scores were significantly different in only 3 of 98 comparisons; (6) correlations between estimated and obtained Full Scale scores were in the high .80's or .90's; (c) in the great majority of instances subjects were placed within one classification of their intelligence classification as revealed by scores on the total test. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Juvenescent soap films. The evaporative stabilization of a film by a volatile surfactant

In the absence of evaporation, soap films may be preserved indefinitely after a rapid evolution to an equilibrium thickness, the black film. This evolution can be slowed down enormously so that the appearance of a recently formed thick and colored film can be preserved for hours or weeks. Such juvenescent films form when the evaporation of water is prevented and that of a minor but highly surface-active component is favored. For example, a solution of sodium dodecyl sulfate containing decyl or octyl alcohol gives juvenescent films in a thermostated enclosure, containing also a micellar solution which is initially free of the alcohol and is capable of absorbing it from the vapor phase. Juvenescence depends on a pseudo-steady state in which the surface tension of a film element increase on account of evaporation of the alcohol, and this causes contraction and thickening, return to the bulk liquid, and replacement by a fresh film element rich in alcohol. The analogy to “tears of strong wine” is marked. Quantitative experiments, using octyl alcohol, are also described. Any condition favoring this effect must be eliminated if accurate equilbrium film-thickness measurements are to be obtained.     

Synthesis of Poly(p-Benzenesulphonamide) Part I. Preparation of Sulphanilic Acid Derivatives for Use as Intermediates

In view of the unique properties of poly (p-benzamide), particularly as a fibre, the synthesis of the structurally related poly (p-benzenesulphonamide) has been investigated. This first paper describes the preparation of two groups of possible precursors of the polymer starting with sulphanilic acid. The first group includes N-sulphinylaniline-4-sulphochloride, aniline-4-sulphochloride hydrochloride and aniline-4-sulphochloride. The key to the synthesis of these intermediates is the conversion of sulphanilic acid to N-sulphinylaniline-4-sulphochloride by reaction with thionyl chloride in the presence of a catalytic amount of dimethyl formamide. For the synthesis of poly (N-methyl-benzenesulphonamide), N-methylsulphanilic acid has been converted into N-methylaniline-4-sulphochloride hydrochloride by treatment with thionyl chloride. Some N-acetylated sulphanilic acid derivatives, CH₃CONH-C₆H₄-SO₂X, where X?OH, OEt, OC₆H₅ and Cl, and N-acetyl-1-naphthylamine-4-sulphochloride have also been prepared for evaluation as monomers in the synthesis of polysulphonamides by melt polymerisation.     

The metal-semiconductor phase diagram for NiS2−xSex

The antiferromagnetic, semiconductor, and metal phase boundaries in NiS_2?xSe_x are reported as a function of the composition x by use of four techniques: electrical resistivity, magnetic susceptibility, calorimetry, and x-ray structure.     

The friction of polymers under hydrostatic pressure

This paper reports data on the effect of hydrostatic gas pressure on the coefficient of sliding friction of several polymers. In general increasing the pressure causes a reduction in the observed coefficient of friction. Two simple friction models are used in an attempt to explain the data. Neither is completely satisfactory. However there appears to be a good empirical correlation between the observed friction and the low strain value of the dynamic loss modulus.     

Analyses of lipids and oxidation products by partition chromatography. Fatty acid hydroperoxides

A liquid partition chromatographic method was developed to isolated and determine hydroperoxides in autoxidized fatty acids or their methyl esters. By the use of benzene containing 2 to 4% methanol as the mobile solvent, the hydroperoxides were separated from unoxidized fatty acids or methyl esters and from secondary and polymeric decomposition products. In the analyses of oxidized fatty acids, diethyl ether was necessary to elute the secondary decomposition products. Saponification of autoxidized fatty esters destroyed the peroxides as determined iodometrically, but the resulting acids contained a fraction which was eluted in the same position as hydroperoxide acids. Evidence showed that this fraction is a monomeric hydroxy fatty acid containing conjugated cis-traux and trans-trans unsaturation. Fatty ester hydroperoxides were isolated chromatographically in yields and purity comparable to those reported in the literature by countercurrent distribution. The concentrations of methyl linoleate hydroperoxide determined chromatographically were smaller than indicated by the peroxide value and diene conjugation of the autoxidized methyl linoleate. This is a laboratory of the Northern Utilization Research and Development Division, Agricultural Research Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture.