基于思维进化算法的工业过程粗糙建模及应用

在工业过程建模中,传统的建模方法依赖数学模型.当实际系统模型难于用解析式精确表达时,智能建模成为研究热点之一.对具有非线性、时变性、不精确性等复杂系统,智能建模弥补了机理建模、辨识建模等方法的不足,能够避开数学表达式模型.模糊建模的隶属函数不容易得到,而粗糙集能直接从数据库中提取规则,不需要任何先验知识.但粗糙集不能处理连续属性,需要将属性离散化.对水泥回转窑控制系统进行建模,首先应用思维进化算法对决策表中的连续属性进行离散化,然后利用粗糙集理论化简决策表,提取最优的决策规则,最后分析决策规则,得出结论,说明该建模方法的可行性,且由此建模方法得到的决策规则覆盖度较高.     

A novel spherical-ordered macroporous CuO nanocatalyst for the electrochemical reduction of carbon dioxide

Journal of Applied Electrochemistry - The electrocatalytic reduction of CO2 is a promising research direction in resource utilization and sustainable energy development. However, there is still a...     

Spray-coated PDMS/PVDF composite membrane for enhanced butanol recovery by pervaporation

In this study, spray-coating was used to prepare dihydroxypolydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) composite membranes with high flux and separation factor for biobutanol recovery from aqueous solution. A thin, smooth, and defect-free PDMS layer was prepared by spray-coating on polyvinylidene difluoride ultrafiltration membrane with little PDMS penetration. The effects of process parameters for membrane fabrication and pervaporation on membrane performance were investigated. A membrane with 2 μm active layer was obtained with a high flux of 1306.9 g/m² h. The optimal membrane with the highest pervaporation separation index (PSI) (19.15 kg/m² h) showed a total flux of 530.6 g/m² h and a separation factor of 36.1 at 37°C, and a PSI of 65.61 kg/m² h and a flux of 1927.0 g/m² h at 70°C. Membrane performance was affected by feed composition and temperature. Acetone-butanol-ethanol solution and fermentation broth gave lower butanol fluxes and separation factors compared to butanol model solution.     

LCC-HVDC系统直流控制回路小干扰稳定性分析

文中针对整流侧采用定直流电流控制策略、逆变侧采用定直流电压控制策略的电网换相换流器高压直流输电系统,基于状态空间模型的Laplace变换建立了线性化直流控制回路的传递函数模型;采用增益裕度、相位裕度和灵敏度函数最大峰值指标,定量评估了直流控制回路带宽、逆变侧锁相环带宽和逆变侧交流电网强度对各直流控制回路小干扰稳定性的影响;揭示了不同系统参数下各直流控制回路稳定裕度的具体变化规律.仿真结果验证了线性化传递函数模型及理论分析结果的正确性.     

含微裂纹铝材的电磁超声Lamb波混频非线性检测及量化分析

早期微裂纹的检测是结构失效分析的关键,该文利用电磁超声Lamb波混频检测的方法,综合考虑微裂纹界面呼吸作用的特点,以弹簧模型为基础并考虑微裂纹界面的迟滞效应和阻尼力,建立含有微裂纹的三维Lamb波混频非线性检测模型,模拟混频超声波作用下微裂纹的波动状况,分析混频超声波与微裂纹界面发生的非线性作用,研究微裂纹长度与深度的变化对混频调制效果的影响.最后搭建电磁超声混频非线性检测系统,根据差频非线性系数与和频非线性系数对微裂纹长度变化敏感性的不同定义了综合系数因子,量化分析微裂纹的长度.通过实验数据得到了综合系数因子与微裂纹长度之间的关系,并对微裂纹长度进行了预测.实验结果表明,利用综合系数因子可以对微裂纹长度进行有效的预测.     

基于声波时域特征的锂离子电池荷电状态表征

许多先进的检测技术已被证实能获取锂离子电池的荷电状态(SOC),然而目前的检测手段未能同时满足精度和效率方面的要求.利用超声波对SOC的表征已经得到初步的认可,该方法检测效率高、对电池损伤小,但存在单个声学指标与电池材料动力学特性不清晰的问题.该文在分析锂离子电池SOC声学表征研究现状的基础上,将振铃计数引入电池SOC评价中,明确SOC与振铃计数的相关性.基于Lemaitre等效应变原理推导了振铃计数与有效杨氏模量的对应关系,提出基于超声纵波的锂离子电池SOC在线检测方法,结合常规的声学指标研究了锂离子电池在充放电循环中有效杨氏模量演化规律.通过将常规的时域声学指标与振铃计数表征结果进行对比,验证了振铃计数对SOC表征的可行性.     

Fault diagnosis of internal combustion engines using visual dot patterns of acoustic and vibration signals

An investigation of the fault diagnosis technique in internal combustion engines based on the visual dot pattern of acoustic and vibration signals is presented in this paper. Acoustic emissions and vibration signals are well known as being able to be used for monitoring the conditions of rotating machineries. Most of the conventional methods for fault diagnosis using acoustic and vibration signals are primarily based on observing the amplitude differences in the time or frequency domain. Unfortunately, the signals caused by damaged elements, such as those buried in broadband background noise or from smearing problems arising in practical applications, particularly at low revolution, are not always available. In the present study, a visual dot pattern technique is proposed to identify the acoustic emission and vibration signals for fault diagnosis in an internal combustion engine and drive axle shaft. Experiments are carried out to evaluate the proposed system for fault diagnosis under various fault conditions. The experimental results indicate that the proposed technique is effective in the fault diagnosis of an internal combustion engine and drive axle shaft.     

Mechanisms of nanostructure and metastable phase formations in the surface melted layers of a HCPEB-treated D2 steel

This work investigates the mechanism of surface modification associated with the high-current pulsed electron beam (HCPEB) treatment of a D2 steel with increasing numbers of pulses. The surface layers were melted and resolidified but the treated surfaces showed very different features. This variation is essentially due to the different levels of homogeneity and carbide dissolution. It is demonstrated that the presence of carbides served as nucleation sites for the surface eruption phenomenon that creates craters on the surface. After a sufficient number of pulses, most of the carbides in the surface layer were dissolved and an almost crater-free homogeneous melted layer consisting of a very stable nano-austenite structure was formed. The HCPEB technique is thus demonstrated to be a versatile technique for surface microstructure modification involving, in the case of steels, austenite stabilization and ultrafine grain formation.     

Improvement of Wear Resistance of Magnesium Alloy AZ91HP by High Current Pulsed Electron Beam Treatment

MAGNESIUM ALLOYS exhibit high strength toweight ratio and stiffness and are finding theirapplications in air,automobile and electronic industries.Despite the worldwide growing interests inmagnesium alloys,their inferior wear resistance is aserious impediment.Considering that wear is asurface-related behavior,surface modification canresolve the problem.Recently,intense and pulsed energetic beams areemerging as new and effective methods for surfacemodification.The High Current Pulsed Ele…     

Zr-Al-Co块状非晶的成分优化

运用等电子浓度和变电子浓度线判据实现了Zr—Al—Co块状非晶合金的成分优化．在(Al50Co50)-Zr等电子浓度线(e／α=1．5)和(Zr9Co4)—Al及(Zr78．5Co21．5)—Al变电子浓度线上设计成分，并通过吸铸法制备块状合金．实验结果表明，在(Al50Co50)—Zr等电子浓度线和(Zr9Co4)—Al变电子浓度线上可形成块状非晶合金，且非晶合金的热稳定性与非晶形成能力随电子浓度的增大而单调递增．其中，(Al50Co50)-Zr等电子浓度线和(Zr9Co4)—Al变电子浓度线交点处形成的Zr53Al23．5Co23．5非晶合金，具有最大的热稳定性和非晶形成能力，特征热力学参数Tg=783K，Tx=849K，Tg／Tm=0．637，Tg／Ti=0．590。