Epithelial injury induces keratocyte apoptosis: hypothesized role for the interleukin-1 system in the modulation of corneal tissue organization and wound healing

Scleroderma is a connective tissue disorder which includes fibrosis of the skin. Facial skin contraction leads to loss of forehead, periorbital, and nasolabial wrinkling and at the same time causes radial furrows around the contracted oral opening (microstomia). The lips become retracted. We describe a 41 year old lady whose upper lip was treated by free dermal graft and injection of fat to improve her perioral aesthetic appearance. The skin was taken from the right submammary fold and the fat was obtained from the abdomen by liposuction. Excess fat was stored in a sterile container at -70 degrees C for future use. The patient made a satisfactory recovery and has asked for her lower lip to be treated in the same way.     

Gamma-Ray Interaction with Lead Borate and Lead Silicate Glasses Containing Manganese

The optical absorption of high lead borate and lead silicate glasses containing manganese before and after γ-ray irradiation was studied. To separate the absorption due to manganese from the intrinsic absorption, blank glasses were prepared and measured. The results showed that the visible absorption band before and after irradiation exhibited changes with the radiation dose and chemical composition of the glass. The response of the glasses to gamma irradiation was related to the creation and spread of defect "color centers," the approach of a saturation condition, and the possible photochemical effect on the transition metal.     

Effect of Sodium on Microstructures and Thermoelastic Properties of Calcium Aluminate Cement–Bonded Refractories

The effect of sodium on refractory phase formation in a model Calcium Aluminate Cement–bonded refractory was investigated from 700°C to 1500°C. Sodium reacts with α‐alumina to form sodium β‐alumina (β‐Al₂O₃) via the intermediate NaAlO₂. Formation of β‐Al₂O₃ disrupts the reaction path of calcia with alumina, delaying crystallization of calcium hexaluminate, CaO·6Al₂O₃, from 1350°C to 1500°C. β‐Al₂O₃ is also shown to reduce Young's modulus and delay sintering. The presence of NaAlO₂ and β‐Al₂O₃ result in an increase in internal friction. Increased linear expansion of up to 47% is observed when 1 wt% Na is added. The expansion is shown to scale with the amount of dopant with only 0.3 wt% Na leading to an additional 31% linear expansion. On cooling, the presence of β‐Al₂O₃ can be demonstrated by a peak in internal friction between 1200°C and 1000°C which could be caused by Na⁺ ion hopping along the spinel‐like planes.     

67—THE INFLUENCE OF WIRE PROFILE ON THE QUALITY OF WOOL-TYPE CARDED WEBS. PART III: THE ASSESSMENT OF CARD-WIRE SHARPNESS

This paper is concerned with a technique for assessing different degrees of sharpness between flexible card-wire teeth. An Instron Tensile Tester was used to measure the force required to pull strips of granular-faced material over card teeth that differed in both sharpness and density, both ‘with’ and ‘against’ the wire points. Variants introduced included the load applied by the granular material to the teeth and the grit size of the granular material.

It is shown, on the basis of experiments on five different densities of card clothing, each ground to three different degrees of sharpness, that these differences can be quantitatively detected when they are measured against the wire points and that they are in complete agreement with the subjective assessments of wire sharpness.

It seems possible that the principles enunciated in this paper may be used to devise an instrument for detecting differences in wire sharpness.     

Observability and sensors for hyperbolic systems

The wave equation defined on an open bounded regular domain n is considered. The measurement is obtained by means of a pointwise sensor located inside Ω The observability problem of the system is studied using the Hilbert Uniqueness Method developed by Lions and we show that it can be linked with the sensor structure. Morever we obtain from this approach, explicit formulae for the state to be reconstructed. These useful formulae are then implemented numerically and illustrated through two examples.