近20年塔里木河干流生态环境变化遥感监测分析

针对塔里木河流域综合治理后生态环境的变化状况及植被的恢复状况等热点问题,基于遥感时空变化分析方法从土地利用、地表水体和植被覆盖度的时空变化方面分析了近20年来塔里木河干流生态环境的变化状况。结果表明:(1)塔里木河干流土地利用受到人类活动的影响显著,自2000年以来,塔里木河干流耕地面积增加显著,净增2 229 km²,草地面积整体下降,萎缩3 157 km²;(2)综合治理以来,下游河段2009—2018时段水体出现频率明显高于2000—2008时段,水体出现频率提高约15%;(3)2000年以来,塔里木河流域的植被覆盖度持续增加,特别是下游河段植被覆盖度增加明显,覆盖度增加18%。但中、上游流域的植被覆盖度的增加趋势主要贡献来源于耕地,中上游地区耕地的增加仍会对塔里木河流域的生态保护和恢复造成一定的影响。     

华南地区典型土壤渗透性的改良配置研究

为改善我国华南地区土壤黏性大、渗透性差的问题,研究华南地区土壤与落地灰、砾石、沸石、海砂、草根和枯树叶等多种材料的改良配置,测试不同重量配比下试验土壤的渗透性,获取不同有机、无机材料对典型土壤自然入渗能力的改善效果(包括各种材料的单独作用和择优性混合作用效果)。结果表明:单材料试验中,低重量配比的草根和枯树叶试验土壤的峰值入渗速率分别为0.178 mL/s和0.163 mL/s,且有机材料的改良效果优于无机材料。高重量配比的5～9 mm砾石和5～9 mm落地灰试验土壤分别在重量配比为40%和60%情况下,峰值入渗速率达0.338 mL/s和0.717 mL/s,在同重量配比的所有材料里具有最佳入渗效果。多材料混合试验中,枯树叶、5～9 mm砾石和5～9 mm落地灰相结合的试验土壤实现最佳入渗效果。研究成果为改善华南地区土壤渗透性能提供科学依据。     

Streptococcus bovis bacteremia: unusual complications

Streptococcus bovis bacteremia is known to be related to neoplastic lesions of the colon. We describe a patient with several complications of S bovis bacteremia and adenocarcinoma of the colon--endocarditis, spondylodiskitis, and splenic abscess. We believe this is the eighth known case of endocarditis and diskitis caused by S bovis and the third case of endocarditis and splenic abscess by S bovis in a patient with adenocarcinoma of the colon.     

基于SWMM的城市洪涝风险管理研究

为了研究城市洪涝风险评估的问题,采用SWMM(Storm Water Management Model)模拟技术进行洪涝风险危险等级量化研究。以涂家营沟流域为例,基于SWMM模型模拟不同重现期降雨下的淹没情况,计算各子汇水区基于淹没深度、淹没面积、土地利用、人口密度和淹没道路等脆弱性参数建立的危险等级,确定洪灾危险区。结果表明:在20年一遇的情景下研究区溢流量为62 350 m~3,淹没面积为0.177 4 km~2,其原因是排水系统不达标且淤积严重;基于淹没深度和淹没面积的高洪灾风险区面积为0.049 km~2,基于土地利用的高洪灾风险区面积为0.516 km~2,基于人口密度和淹没道路的高洪灾风险区面积为0.041 km~2;该研究区内洪灾危险区由低级到高级的面积分别为1.83 km~2、1.00 km~2和1 950 m~2,高危险区主要集中在城市中心、居民区。淹没深度和淹没面积是确定洪涝灾害等级最敏感的参数,为洪涝风险评估提供依据。研究结果可为我国城市发展规划提供参考依据。     

双向电流应力下的金属膜电迁移机理研究

对脉冲应力作用下金属铝膜的电迁移失效机理进行了研究,研究了纯交流应力对金属铝膜电迁移可靠性的影响,对影响测试结构的相关因素作了详细的描述。借助于脉冲波形的傅里叶级数分解,研究了一般交流应力条件下金属化电迁移的影响因素。建立了一般交流应力条件下金属铝膜电迁移寿命模型。     

高温SO I CMO S 倒相器瞬态特性的研究

本文主要研究高温SOI CMOS倒相器在（27－300℃）宽温区的瞬态特性。研究结果表明：当采用N^ PN^ 和P^＋PP^ 结构薄膜SOI MOSFET组合，并且其结构参数满足高温应用的要求，则SOI CMOS倒相器实验样品在（27－300℃）具有良好的高温瞬态特性。     

Override of spontaneous respiratory pattern generator reduces cardiovascular parasympathetic influence

We investigated the effects of voluntary control of breathing on autonomic function in cardiovascular regulation. Variability in heart rate was compared between 5 min of spontaneous and controlled breathing. During controlled breathing, for 5 min, subjects voluntarily reproduced their own spontaneous breathing pattern (both rate and volume on a breath-by-breath basis). With the use of this experimental design, we could unmask the effects of voluntary override of the spontaneous respiratory pattern generator on autonomic function in cardiovascular regulation without the confounding effects of altered respiratory pattern. Results from 10 subjects showed that during voluntary control of breathing, mean values of heart rate and blood pressure increased, whereas fractal and spectral powers in heart rate in the respiratory frequency region decreased. End-tidal PCO2 was similar during spontaneous and controlled breathing. These results indicate that the act of voluntary control of breathing decreases the influence of the vagal component, which is the principal parasympathetic influence in cardiovascular regulation.     

Late recurrences of laryngeal papillomatosis

Laryngeal papillomotasis recurred in 2 patients after 44 and 47 years of remission. The recurrence of papillomatosis after such lengthy periods of remission underscores the fact that, while surgical treatment of laryngeal papillomatosis may maintain the airway and voice, and in some cases control clinically overt disease, it does not address the subclinical mucosal human papillomavirus infection that may lead to recurrence many years after surgery.     

Cyclosporine A in the treatment of early rheumatoid arthritis. A prospective, randomized 24-month study

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the efficacy, tolerability and safety of cyclosporine A (CSA) in early rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients. METHODS: Patients with an early diagnosis of RA, a disease duration of less than 3 years, and without prior disease modifying antirheumatic drug (DMARD) treatment were studied. They randomly received oral CSA (3 mg/kg/day) or oral methotrexate (MTX) (0.15 mg/kg/week). In addition, all patients in both groups received oral prednisone (7.5 mg/day). RESULTS: Fifty-two patients were assigned to the CSA group and 51 to the MTX group. After 24 months of treatment, 48 patients from the CSA group and 48 from the MTX group showed significant clinical improvement. This was evaluated by the duration of morning stiffness, grip strength, the total joint count, joint swelling, and joint tenderness and pain, compared to pre-treatment values. The clinical improvement was also associated with a significant decrease in ESR and CRP values in both groups. No significant radiological deterioration was observed in the CSA patients compared to those treated with MTX after 24 months. Four patients from the CSA group dropped out of the study, two because of a synovitis flare, one because of severe hypertrichosis and one because of severe gingival hyperplasia. Three patients from the MTX group withdrew, one because of disease flare-up and two because of gastrointestinal disturbances. CONCLUSION: Early immunointervention in RA patients appears to be crucial to limit the development of joint damage. Cyclosporine A appears to be effective, well tolerated and safe in the long-term treatment of RA and can therefore be used as a first immunomodulatory drug in the armamentarium for the treatment of RA.