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21.
N. M. Agh-Atabay W. Edward Lindsell Peter N. Preston Peter J. Tomb 《Polymer International》1993,31(4):367-374
Symmetrically substituted 1,3-diynes containing hydroxyalkyl ( 1a-d ), bromoalkyl ( 1e-h ) (diphenylphosphinyl) ( 1i-k ) and carboxyalkyl ( 2a-d ) substituents have been prepared and characterised; the phosphine derivative ( 1k ) has been converted with alkyl iodides ( RI ; R = Me, Et) into bis(phosphonium) salts ( 1l and m ). During preparation of the diynedioic acid. ( 2a ), the non-centrosymmetrical diyne, HO2CCH2C?C—C?C(CH2)2OH ( 3 ), was also isolated. 60Co γ-Irradiation of diacetylene monomers ( 2a – d ) and 10,12-tricosadiyn-1-oic acid gave the corresponding polydiacetylene derivatives ( 4a – d and 5 ), respectively. Rubidium salts of ( 4c ) and ( 4d ), a barium salt of ( 4c ), and a potassium salt of ( 5 ) were prepared and isolated; soluble potassium salts of the carboxylic acid polymers ( 4 ) were generated in aqueous solution. The effects of changes in pH on the UV/visible absorption spectra of aqueous solutions of selected carboxylic acid polydiacetylenes have been recorded, and are discussed. 相似文献
22.
The paper considers vulnerable multi-state series-parallel systems operating under influence of external impacts. Both the external impacts and internal failures affect system survivability, which is determined as the probability of meeting a given demand. The external impacts are characterized by several destructive factors affecting the system or its parts simultaneously.In order to increase the system's survivability a multilevel protection against the destructive factors can be applied to its subsystems. In such systems, the protected subsystems can be destroyed only if all of the levels of their protection are destroyed.The paper presents an algorithm for evaluating the survivability of series-parallel systems with arbitrary configuration of multilevel protection against multiple destructive factor impacts. The algorithm is based on a composition of Boolean and the Universal Generating Function techniques.Illustrative examples are presented. 相似文献
23.
David M. Mahli Mark J. Steffenhagen Lin-lin Xing J. Edward Glass 《Journal of Coatings Technology》2003,75(938):39-51
Surfactants, varying in their chemical composition and hydrophobic behavior, are used in the formulation of a waterborne coating.
These differences influence their aggregation in micellar structures, their interaction with associative thickeners, and in
particular, the synergies present in their competitive adsorptions on the disperse phases in a waterborne coating. Adsorption
of HEUR thickeners on latexes and the ability of surfactants to displace them from those surfaces is an important variable
in the dispersion’s viscosity. With large particle latexes, viscosity increases arise primarily from the network built through
the interaction of HEURs with surfactants in the aqueous phase. Fluorescence is used to verify the mechanism by which surfactants
enhance associative thickener viscosities. That is best achieved with nonionic surfactants, because of their synergies with
large hydrophobe HEURs at low concentration. With decreasing latex particle size the adsorbed species is an important contributor
to the dispersion’s viscosity through its contribution to the latex’s effective volume fraction increase and when the size
of the adsorbed HEUR is matched to the separation distances of the latex at 0.25 volume fraction. Achieving controlled shear-thinning
behavior in small particle size latex paints with the economic constraints on the amount of HEUR required to obtain 90 KU
viscosities are discussed.
Presented at the 80th Annual Meeting of the Federation of Societies for Coatings Technology, October 30–November 1, 2002,
in New Orleans, LA.
Polymer and Coatings Dept., Fargo, ND 58103. 相似文献
24.
The relationship between teachers' judgments versus actual performance on curriculum-based measures in reading was examined. A total of 30 regular education teachers were asked to predict the oral reading fluency score of students along with a rating scale of reading subskills. Correlations between teacher judgment measures and student performance found that teachers were accurate reporters of student performance levels in reading. However, some questions were raised whether teachers were accurate at predicting the actual level of student oral reading fluency when effect sizes were used to compare teacher judgment and actual student performance. Recommendations for continued research in understanding the parameters of the accuracy of teacher judgment are made. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2011 APA, all rights reserved) 相似文献
25.
A new image analysis technique has been developed which allows maceral analysis of coal to be carried out. The technique is able to separate the liptinite component from the background resin by using two separate images of the surface captured with different camera exposure times. At normal exposure, the liptinite has a similar grey scale value to the surrounding resin, but at a higher exposure time, the resin remains black whilst the liptinite grey scale increases significantly enough to distinguish it from the resin. The method has been tested for repeatability and reproducibility and found to be within the ISO Standard requirements. 相似文献
26.
High-performance liquid chromatography of human milk triacylglycerols and gas chromatography of component fatty acids 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Human milk triacylglycerols were separated by high-performance liquid chromatography. A 5-μ Supelcosil LC-18 column (Supelco,
Inc., Bellefonte, PA) was used with acetone/acetonitrile (64∶36, vol/vol) as mobile phase. Triacylglycerols were tentatively
identified based on theoretical carbon number and relative retention time. Despite changes resulting from dietary fat variation,
the major component triacylglycerols were those composed of palmitic, oleic and linoleic acids. Triacylglycerols with palmitic,
stearic and oleic acids were present as minor components. Fatty acids were quantified by gas chromatography relative to an
internal standard. Ratios of n−6/n−3 fatty acids were found to be high than previously reported.
Based on a paper presented at the Symposium on Milk Lipids held at the AOCS Annual Meeting, Baltimore, MD, April 1990. 相似文献
27.
The original Smoking Consequences Questionnaire (SCQ; T. H. Brandon & T. B. Baker, 1991) measured college students' outcome expectancies for cigarette smoking. A version (SCQ-Adult) was needed for assessing expectancies in more typical, older, nicotine-dependent smokers. Two separate versions of the SCQ were developed and compared. Tests of construct validity provided greater support for the version comprising probability items over the version comprising subjective expected utility items. As expected, principal components analyses revealed a greater number of factors than the original SCQ suggesting that expectancies become more specific with smoking experience. All scales showed good reliability. Over the course of smoking cessation treatment, expectancies became less positive, especially for abstaining participants. Other validity tests also tended to be consistent with research on alcohol expectancies and with contemporary models of drug outcome expectancies. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2011 APA, all rights reserved) 相似文献
28.
Button Cathryn M.; Grant Malcolm J.; Hannah T. Edward; Ross Abraham S. 《Canadian Metallurgical Quarterly》1993,25(2):230
Two studies identified and labeled the dimensions that people use to judge others' attitudes. In the 1st study, 50 male and 50 female undergraduates viewed pairs of attitude statements drawn from 1 or 2 large sets. For each pair of statements, Ss judged whether or not a person who agreed with one statement in the pair would be likely to agree with the other. The dimensions of liberalism and traditional values were found to underlie perceived attitudes. Validity was confirmed in a 2nd study with 60 male and 60 female undergraduates who rated the characteristics of hypothetical people who agreed strongly with particular statements. Results suggest that there is a common structure to people's perceptions of others' attitudes. (French abstract) (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved) 相似文献
29.
Qiwen Wang Xiaoyun Sun Bruce L. Golden Lenore Desilets Edward A. wasil Scott Luco Adam Peck 《Computers & Operations Research》1993,20(8)
A crucial step in manufacturing microcircuits is the wire bonding process in which a very thin gold wire must be formed to connect two surfaces in the microcircuit. The quality of the wire bond can be measured by visual inspection and a pull test—both of which are high-reliability, high-cost approaches to statistical process control. Westinghouse wanted to develop a high-reliability, low-cost quality assurance system. In this paper, we report on a year-long study to construct a neural network model that is capable of predicting the quality of wire bonds. The results of our modeling efforts reveal that neural networks are useful tools for statistical process control problems. 相似文献
30.
Roger Norman Rothon Christopher Mark Liauw Graham Clayton Lees Wayne Christopher Edward Schofield 《The Journal of Adhesion》2002,78(7):603-628
The interaction of ammonium stearate (AS) and γ-aminopropyltriethoxysilane (APS) treatments with a magnesium hydroxide flame retardant filler and their effects on its use in an ethylene vinyl acetate copolymer compound have been investigated. The work has shown clear evidence of changes in the structure of the surface layers formed on the filler as the amount of additive is increased and the levels at which these occur can be correlated with theoretical monolayer quantities. Infrared (IR) spectroscopy data suggest that the stearate coating changes from a half salt to a full salt as the coating level is increased and that the APS coating on the filler initially has a significant bicarbonate content, presumably due to reaction with atmospheric carbon dioxide. The effect of coating level on the melt flow rate, insoluble matrix content, crystallisation behaviour, tensile properties, limiting oxygen index, and ageing of the filled compound has been studied. Distinct trends have been observed, many of which can be correlated with the structure of the filler surface layers. Of particular importance is the observation that, unlike APS, excess stearate appears to promote detrimental ageing effects. 相似文献