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111.
For the first time, chemical analyses using Atom Probe Tomography were performed on a bolt made of cold worked 316 austenitic stainless steel, extracted from the internal structures of a pressurized water reactor after 17 years of reactor service. The irradiation temperature of these samples was 633 K and the irradiation dose was estimated to 12 dpa (7.81 × 1025 neutrons.m−2, E > 1 MeV). The samples were analysed with a laser assisted tomographic atom probe. These analyses have shown that neutron irradiation has a strong effect on the intragranular distribution of solute atoms. A high number density (6 × 1023 m−3) of Ni-Si enriched and Cr-Fe depleted clusters was detected after irradiation. Mo and P segregations at the interfaces of these clusters were also observed. Finally, Si enriched atmospheres were seen. 相似文献
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Etienne Buscail Guillaume Le Cosquer Fabian Gross Marine Lebrin Laetitia Bugarel Cline Deraison Nathalie Vergnolle Barbara Bournet Cyrielle Gilletta Louis Buscail 《International journal of molecular sciences》2021,22(18)
Between 20 to 25% of Crohn’s disease (CD) patients suffer from perianal fistulas, a marker of disease severity. Seton drainage combined with anti-TNFα can result in closure of the fistula in 70 to 75% of patients. For the remaining 25% of patients there is room for in situ injection of autologous or allogenic mesenchymal stem cells such as adipose-derived stem/stromal cells (ADSCs). ADSCs exert their effects on tissues and effector cells through paracrine phenomena, including the secretome and extracellular vesicles. They display anti-inflammatory, anti-apoptotic, pro-angiogenic, proliferative, and immunomodulatory properties, and a homing within the damaged tissue. They also have immuno-evasive properties allowing a clinical allogeneic approach. Numerous clinical trials have been conducted that demonstrate a complete cure rate of anoperineal fistulas in CD ranging from 46 to 90% of cases after in situ injection of autologous or allogenic ADSCs. A pivotal phase III-controlled trial using allogenic ADSCs (Alofisel®) demonstrated that prolonged clinical and radiological remission can be obtained in nearly 60% of cases with a good safety profile. Future studies should be conducted for a better knowledge of the local effect of ADSCs as well as for a standardization in terms of the number of injections and associated procedures. 相似文献
114.
Using the theory described in the preliminary publication, the isothermal grain growth of a low carbon, silicon‐manganese bearing TRIP‐steel has been studied. The austenitic grain size was established through the measurement of the mean linear intercept distance, which has been transformed into the real mean austenite grain size. A general model of the form dn=d0n+K1t exp(K2/T) was used and the coefficients n, K1 and K2 have been statistically determined. It has been demonstrated that for low annealing temperatures the value of n is situated around 6, whereas at high temperatures n rapidly drops and adopts a value of 2. This behaviour was related to the dissolution of the precipitates present in the austenitic matrix during the soaking treatments. The model delivers very good predictions for soaking temperatures up to 1200 °C. For higher temperatures, the deviations between the predicted grain size and the really measured one are higher. 相似文献
115.
Exploiting group symmetry in truss topology optimization 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Yanqin Bai Etienne de Klerk Dmitrii Pasechnik Renata Sotirov 《Optimization and Engineering》2009,10(3):331-349
We consider semidefinite programming (SDP) formulations of certain truss topology optimization problems, where a lower bound
is imposed on the fundamental frequency of vibration of the truss structure. These SDP formulations were introduced in Ohsaki
et al. (Comp. Meth. Appl. Mech. Eng. 180:203–217, 1999). We show how one may automatically obtain symmetric designs, by eliminating the ‘redundant’ symmetry in the SDP problem
formulation. This has the advantage that the original SDP problem is substantially reduced in size for trusses with large
symmetry groups. 相似文献
116.
Baptiste Demey Marine Bentz Vronique Descamps Virginie Morel Catherine Francois Sandrine Castelain Francois Helle Etienne Brochot 《International journal of molecular sciences》2022,23(13)
Background: Bkv-miR-B1-5p is a viral micro-RNA (miRNA) specifically produced during BK polyomavirus (BKPyV) replication. Recent studies have suggested using bkv-miR-B1-5p as a biomarker to monitor viral infection and predict complications in kidney transplant patients. To identify the technical limitations of this miRNA quantification in biological samples, knowledge of its stability and distribution in the extracellular compartment is necessary. Moreover, a proof of concept for using bkv-miR-B1-5p as a biomarker of active replication in chronic infection is still missing in the published literature. Methods: The stability of bkv-miR-B1-5p was evaluated in samples derived from cell cultures and in urine from BKPyV-infected kidney transplant recipients. The miRNA was quantified in different fractions of the extracellular compartment, including exosomes, and protein binding was evaluated. Finally, we developed an in vitro model for chronic culture of BKPyV clinical isolates to observe changes in the bkv-miR-B1-5p level during persistent infections. Results: Bkv-miR-B1-5p is a stable biomarker in samples from humans and in vitro experiments. Marginally associated with the exosomes, most of the circulating bkv-miR-B1-5p is bound to proteins, especially Ago2, so the miRNA quantification does not require specific exosome isolation. The bkv-miR-B1-5p level is predictable of viral infectivity, which makes it a potential specific biomarker of active BKPyV replication after kidney transplantation. 相似文献
117.
Laura Cussonneau Ccile Coudy-Gandilhon Christiane Deval Ghita Chaouki Mehdi Djelloul-Mazouz Yoann Delorme Julien Hermet Guillemette Gauquelin-Koch Ccile Polge Daniel Taillandier Julien Averous Alain Bruhat Cline Jousse Isabelle Papet Fabrice Bertile Etienne Lefai Pierre Fafournoux Anne-Catherine Maurin Lydie Combaret 《International journal of molecular sciences》2023,24(1)
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Charlotte Allard Léonard Schué Frédéric Fossard Gaëlle Recher Rafaella Nascimento Emmanuel Flahaut Annick Loiseau Patrick Desjardins Richard Martel Etienne Gaufrès 《Advanced materials (Deerfield Beach, Fla.)》2020,32(29):2001429
Fluorescence is ubiquitous in life science and used in many fields of research ranging from ecology to medicine. Among the most common fluorogenic compounds, dyes are being exploited in bioimaging for their outstanding optical properties from UV down to the near IR (NIR). However, dye molecules are often toxic to living organisms and photodegradable, which limits the time window for in vivo experiments. Here, it is demonstrated that organic dye molecules are passivated and photostable when they are encapsulated inside a boron nitride nanotube (dyes@BNNT). The results show that the BNNTs drive an aggregation of the encapsulated dyes, which induces a redshifted fluorescence from visible to NIR-II. The fluorescence remains strong and stable, exempt of bleaching and blinking, over a time scale longer than that of free dyes by more than 104. This passivation also reduces the toxicity of the dyes and induces exceptional chemical robustness, even in harsh conditions. These properties are highlighted in bioimaging where the dyes@BNNT nanohybrids are used as fluorescent nanoprobes for in vivo monitoring of Daphnia Pulex microorganisms and for diffusion tracking on human hepatoblastoma cells with two-photon imaging. 相似文献