四苯基卟啉铟纳米材料的制备及其光学传感性能研究

在水/二甲基亚砜(DMSO)的混合溶液体系中,利用自组装方法,使5,10,15,20-四苯基卟啉铟(InTPP)分子聚集成纳米材料,并研究了其最优制备温度为50℃。通过场发射扫描电子显微镜(FE-SEM)对铟卟啉纳米材料的表面形貌进行了研究,可获得粒径为100～200nm的棒状铟卟啉纳米材料。利用紫外-可见光谱分析了铟卟啉单体与纳米材料光学性质的差别:在紫外-可见光谱中,铟卟啉纳米分散体系的Soret带吸收峰从原来的423nm分别红移到433和453nm,吸光值明显减小,峰形呈劈裂状且明显变宽。利用紫外-可见光谱对铟卟啉的光学检测性能进行了研究,将铟卟啉单体和纳米溶液体系对低浓度甲基膦酸二甲酯(DMMP)的检测效果进行了对比,结果显示铟卟啉纳米溶液体系的检测效果明显优于单体。     

高温SO I CMO S 倒相器瞬态特性的研究

本文主要研究高温SOI CMOS倒相器在（27－300℃）宽温区的瞬态特性。研究结果表明：当采用N^ PN^ 和P^＋PP^ 结构薄膜SOI MOSFET组合，并且其结构参数满足高温应用的要求，则SOI CMOS倒相器实验样品在（27－300℃）具有良好的高温瞬态特性。     

Discrimination between myocardial and skeletal muscle injury by assessment of the plasma ratio of myoglobin over fatty acid-binding protein

BACKGROUND: Myoglobin and fatty acid-binding protein (FABP) each are useful as early biochemical markers of muscle injury. We studied whether the ratio of myoglobin over FABP in plasma can be used to distinguish myocardial from skeletal muscle injury. METHODS AND RESULTS: Myoglobin and FABP were assayed immunochemically in tissue samples of human heart and skeletal muscle and in serial plasma samples from 22 patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI), from 9 patients undergoing aortic surgery (causing injury of skeletal muscles), and from 10 patients undergoing cardiac surgery. In human heart tissue, the myoglobin/FABP ratio was 4.5 and in skeletal muscles varied from 21 to 73. After AMI, the plasma concentrations of both proteins were elevated between approximately 1 and 15 to 20 hours after the onset of symptoms. In this period, the myoglobin/FABP ratio was constant both in subgroups of patients receiving and those not receiving thrombolytics and amounted to 5.3 +/- 1.2 (SD). In serum from aortic surgery patients, both proteins were elevated between 6 and 24 hours after surgery; the myoglobin/FABP ratio was 45 +/- 22 (SD), which is significantly different from plasma values in AMI patients (P < .001). In patients with cardiac surgery, the ratio increased from 11.3 +/- 4.7 to 32.1 +/- 13.6 (SD) during 24 hours after surgery, indicating more rapid release of protein from injured myocardium than from skeletal muscles. CONCLUSIONS: The ratio of the concentrations of myoglobin over FABP in plasma from patients with muscle injury reflects the ratio found in the affected tissue. Since this ratio is different between heart (4.5) and skeletal muscle (20 to 70), its assessment in plasma allows the discrimination between myocardial and skeletal muscle injury in humans.     

Quinine pharmacokinetics: ototoxic and cardiotoxic effects in healthy Caucasian subjects and in patients with falciparum malaria

OBJECTIVE: To study the pharmacokinetic behaviour of quinine in Caucasians with and without malaria. METHOD: Quinine-dihydrochloride was administered intravenously as a single dose of 300 mg to 12 healthy subjects and as multiple doses of 600 mg in 4 h every 8 h in 10 patients with falciparum malaria. Plasma quinine concentrations were measured by high-performance liquid chromatography RESULTS: Quinine pharmacokinetics are time-dependent: the apparent elimination halftime is shorter in the accumulation phase than in the elimination phase; in malaria patients the maximal quinine concentration was reached in half the time calculated on the basis of the elimination phase after the last quinine infusion. Nevertheless a loading dose seemed advisable to reach adequate therapeutic levels quickly. In malaria patients the highest plasma concentrations during or at the end of the infusions were positively correlated with body weight. There was no correlation between body weight and the volume of distribution of quinine as calculated during the elimination phase. Hearing loss was audiometrically documented in 9 healthy subjects at a mean maximal plasma quinine concentration of only 2 mg/l. All malaria patients suffered serious cochlear hearing impairment. The ototoxic effects in both healthy subjects and patients appeared to be reversible. No electrographic changes were noted in the healthy subjects, whereas a clinically insignificant mean lengthening of the corrected QT interval was seen in the malaria patients. CONCLUSION: Intravenous quinine pharmacokinetics in healthy Caucasians were similar to those reported for Nigerian or Thai subjects. At effective doses quinine causes considerable but reversible cochlear hearing losses in both healthy persons and in patients. Our findings do support the need for a loading dose. The fact that in malaria patients there was no correlation between body weight and quinine VD as calculated during the elimination phase renders questionable the usefulness of dosing quinine according to body weight.     

Cloning and characterization of Schistosoma mansoni fructose-1,6-bisphosphate aldolase isoenzyme

A Schistosoma mansoni cercarial cDNA expression library, constructed in lambda gt11, was screened using the IgG fraction of sera taken from rabbits vaccinated with irradiated cercariae. A positive cDNA clone (1,431 base pairs) was selected and characterized. The amino acid sequence predicted from the cDNA sequence identified a polypeptide of 363 amino acids that showed significant homology to different family members of the enzyme fructose-1,6-bisphosphate aldolase (EC 1.4.2.13). The identity was 66% and 65% with human C and A isoenzymes, respectively. Active sites and substrate-binding determinant analysis suggest that the isolated enzyme in terms of function resembles type A aldolase. The recombinant protein expressed in the vector pGEX-2T was found to be active enzymatically. Antibodies raised against the purified recombinant protein recognized a 40-kDa band in extracts from cercariae, schistosomula (5 and 25 days), adult worms, and eggs. Using immunocytochemistry, aldolase localized to the tegumental region of the adult worms.     

Characterization of two monoclonal antibodies against the RON tyrosine kinase receptor

An anthropometric assessment was conducted at 238 !Kung San hunter-gatherers aged between 18 and 65 years (mean = 30.8 years), 156 Kavango horticultural pastoralists aged between 18 and 61 years (mean = 29.2 years) and for 87 urbanized Kavango people aged between 18 and 61 years (mean = 29.3 years) living as wage earning employees in northern Namibia. Weight status was estimated by using body mass index categories according to the recommendations of the WHO. As is typical for human populations, men were taller and heavier than women within the same ethnic groups. An interethnic comparison showed that both !Kung San women and men were lighter than Kavango women and men. The mean BMI of !Kung San women was 19.1 and of !Kung San men 19.4 kg/m2. Kavango people exhibited higher average BMI values, 19.4 for women, 20.3 kg/m2 for men. With the exception of the male urban Kavango people a high percentage (more than 30%) of the subjects were thin and underweight, as shown by a BMI of < 18.5 kg/m2. This was especially true of the !Kung San of both sexes and the rural Kavango men. Nearly 25% of !Kung San women met the criterion of weight depletion (BMI < 17.0). The cultural transition from nomadic hunter gatherer subsistence to a more sedentary life style over the last 20 years can be interpreted as an environmental stress which affected male as well as female nutritional status. The hard economic situation of the rural Kavango people may also be a stress factor which negatively influenced their nutritional status, especially of the men. The significantly better nutritional status of the urban Kavango men may be the result of the opportunities for work as wage earners or as soldiers.     

Digital wavelet-encoded MRI: a new wavelet-encoding methodology

A new digital wavelet-encoding method for MRI is described. The method differs from previously described wavelet-encoding approaches, because the point-spread function is made independent of the wavelet basis used. This has a significant practical advantage, because wavelet bases can now be considered that would otherwise be excluded due to the difficulty of precisely exciting wavelet-shaped RF profiles. The method has been implemented on a clinical MRI system, and human images are presented.     

UV-spectrophotometric determination of ampicillin sodium and sulbactam sodium in two-component mixtures

A simple spectrophotometric method is used for the resolution of the binary mixtures of ampicillin sodium and sulbactam sodium. In aqueous solution, zero-order spectra are subject to interference, so first-derivative spectrophotometry was used to enhance the spectral details allowing the determination of ampicillin sodium from the signal at the zero-crossing point for sulbactam sodium at 268 nm. In 0.1 N sodium hydroxide, sulbactam sodium was determined from the absorbance at 260 nm with negligible contribution from ampicillin sodium. Also, sulbactam sodium was determined without interference using first- and second-derivative spectra in 0.1 N sodium hydroxide at 276 nm (peak-height) and 262-284 nm (peak-to-peak), respectively. The method is rapid, simple, does not require a separation step and allows the determination of each drug without interference from the other. The proposed method has been applied successfully to the assay of these drugs in mixtures and in commercial injections.     

The diagnostic and treatment characteristics of focal liver lesions using computed tomography

Under analysis is an experience with examining and treatment of 167 patients with focal lesions of the liver using computed tomography. Percutaneous transhepatic puncture and draining the hepatic abscesses and cysts under control of computed tomography is an independent method of treatment used in 53 patients. The technique of performing the puncture and drainage is described. Specific features of surgical treatment of focal lesions of the liver are described. Decompression of bile ducts in the postoperative period is shown to be necessary. A conclusion is made about high efficiency of computed tomography in diagnosis and treatment of focal lesions of the liver.     

Ki-1 large cell anaplastic lymphoma--a clinicopathological study

Ki-1 large cell anaplastic lymphoma is a recently described variant of malignant lymphoma. A retrospective study of 10 cases of Ki-1 lymphoma was carried out at the Armed Forces Institute of Pathology (AFIP) Rawalpindi to document its clinical and morphological features. The morphological features were evaluated by a study of paraffin embedded sections stained with haematoxylin and eosin stains. Immunohistochemical stains for BER-H2 and leucocyte common antigen (LCA) were performed in all cases. The age of the patients ranged from 2 to 60 years and male to female ratio was 2.3:1. Cervical lymphadenopathy was the most common presentation. Histologically, there was a complete effacement of the lymph node architecture in 8 cases. The Reed-Sternberg like cells were seen in 2 and histiocyte like cells in 7 cases. Immunohistochemically all cases were positive for BER-H2. It is suggested that the possibility of Ki-1 lymphoma should be considered in all cases of lymphoma with pleomorphic morphology.