Crystallization‐Induced Emission Enhancement of a Deep‐Blue Luminescence Material with Tunable Mechano‐ and Thermochromism

Organic luminescent materials with the ability to reversibly switch the luminescence when subjected to external stimuli have attracted considerable interest in recent years. However, the examples of luminescent materials that exhibit multiresponsive properties are rarely reported. In this work, a new stimuli‐responsive dye P1 is designed and synthesized with two identical chromophores of naphthalimide, one at each side of an amidoamine‐based spacer. This amide‐rich molecule offers many possibilities for forming intra‐ and intermolecular hydrogen bond interactions. Particularly, P1 has an intrinsic property of cocrystallizing with methanol. Compared with the pristine P1 sample, the as‐prepared two‐component cocrystalline material displays an exceptive deep‐blue emission, which is extremely rare among naphthalimide‐based molecules in the solid state. Furthermore, the target material exhibits an obvious mechanochromic fluorescent behavior and a large spectral shift under force stimuli. On the other hand, the cocrystalline material shows an unusual “turn off” thermochromic luminescence accompanied by solvent evaporation. Moreover, using external stimuli to reversibly manipulate fluorescent quantum yields is rarely reported to date. The results demonstrate the feasibility of a new design strategy for solid‐state luminescence switching materials: the incorporation of solvents into organic compounds by cocrystallization to obtain a crystalline state luminescence system.     

Large‐Stroke Electrochemical Carbon Nanotube/Graphene Hybrid Yarn Muscles

Artificial muscles are reported in which reduced graphene oxide (rGO) is trapped in the helical corridors of a carbon nanotube (CNT) yarn. When electrochemically driven in aqueous electrolytes, these coiled CNT/rGO yarn muscles can contract by 8.1%, which is over six times that of the previous results for CNT yarn muscles driven in an inorganic electrolyte (1.3%). They can contract to provide a final stress of over 14 MPa, which is about 40 times that of natural muscles. The hybrid yarn muscle shows a unique catch state, in which 95% of the contraction is retained for 1000 s following charging and subsequent disconnection from the power supply. Hence, they are unlike thermal muscles and natural muscles, which need to consume energy to maintain contraction. Additionally, these muscles can be reversibly cycled while lifting heavy loads.     

UV Photodetectors Based on BiOCl Nanosheet Arrays: The Effects of Morphologies and Electrode Configurations

A facile chemical bath method is adopted to grow bismuth oxychloride (BiOCl) nanosheet arrays on a piece of Cu foil (denoted as BiOCl‐Cu) and isolated BiOCl nanosheets are collected by ultrasonication. A self‐supporting BiOCl film is obtained by the removal of Cu foil. Photodetectors (PDs) based on these BiOCl materials are assembled and the effects of morphologies and electrode configurations on the photoelectric performance of these PDs are examined. The BiOCl nanosheet PD achieves high responsivities in the spectral range from 250 to 350 nm, while it presents quite a small photocurrent and slow response speed. The BiOCl film PD yields low photocurrents and near‐unity on–off ratios, demonstrating poor photoelectric performance. The photocurrent of the BiOCl‐Cu PD with both electrodes on the BiOCl film is much higher than those of these above‐mentioned PDs, and the response times are fast. Meanwhile, the BiOCl‐Cu PD with separate electrodes on the BiOCl film and Cu foil achieves even higher photocurrents and presents a self‐powering characteristic, depicting the improved photodetecting performances induced by the specific morphology and distinct electrode configuration. These results would promote the applications of BiOCl nanostructures in the photoelectric devices.     

Highly enhanced photocatalytic degradation of dye rhodamine B on the biogenic hierarchical porous TiO<Subscript>2</Subscript>/SiO<Subscript>2</Subscript> with 1D/3D-chain

A hybrid photocatalyst consisting of TiO₂ and nonporous SiO₂ (TiO₂/CS-RH) is prepared by loading TiO₂ sol on one-dimensional/three-dimensional chain (1D/3D-chain) which is synthesized from rice husk. The products are characterized by X-ray diffraction, N₂-adsorption–desorption analysis and scanning electron microscopy. Meanwhile, the corresponding photocatalytic activity is evaluated by measuring the photocatalytic oxidation of rhodamine B (RhB). The results reveal that TiO₂/CS-RH displays a hierarchical porous structure from micrometer to nanometer scale with high BET surface area (574.7–719.4 cm²/g). Meanwhile, the activity of TiO₂/CS-RH for the photocatalytic degradation of RhB in aqueous slurry is significantly higher than that of the unsupported TiO₂. The optimal TiO₂ loaded on the support was two times and then treated at 600 °C for 120 min to complete the conversion of RhB. In contrast, the unsupported TiO₂ photocatalyst could convert only 20% of RhB in the same irradiation time and condition.     

通过聚吡咯-聚苯胺共聚物修饰TiO_2纳米管阵列来增强其可见光光催化性能（英文）

纳米管阵列结构的光催化半导体设计一直以来是研究热点,因为纳米管结构有益于对光的吸收和减少载流子的迁移距离。然而,这些材料往往受限于比较差的电荷传输。因此,我们研究了一个易于重复利用的PPy-PANI/TiO2NT光催化剂,其中聚吡咯-聚苯胺共聚物充当光敏剂和电子导体介体。实验所制备的PPy-PANI/TiO2NT复合材料有更高的可见光吸收,更高的电荷分离效率以及在可见光下有156μA的光电流。所有的样品通过XRD,FTIR,SEM,光电流进行表征。通过降解4-NP也证明由聚吡咯-聚苯胺共聚物修饰后的二氧化钛有很好的光催化效果。     

A facile synthesis of supported amorphous iron oxide with high performance for Cr(Ⅵ) removal from aqueous solution under visible light irradiation

A series of supported iron oxide nanoparticles were prepared by impregnation with Fe(NO_3)_3 supported on TiO_2,followed by low-temperature calcination. Scanning electron microscopy(SEM), X-ray diffraction(XRD), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy(XPS), UV–vis diffuse reflectance spectra and BET have been used to characterize the samples. These iron oxide-impregnated TiO_2 were examined for photocatalytic reduction of Cr(Ⅵ). The experiments demonstrated that Cr(Ⅵ) in aqueous solution was more efficiently reduced using Fe_2O_3/TiO_2 heterogeneous photocatalysts than either pure Fe_2O_3 or TiO_2 under visible light irradiation. All TiO_2 supported samples were somewhat active for visible light photoreduction. With an optimal mole ratio of 0.05-Fe/Ti, the highest rate of Cr(Ⅵ) reduction was achieved under the experimental conditions. We also compared the photoreactivity of TiO_2 supported iron oxide samples with that supported on Al_2O_3 and ZrO_2. It can be noted that iron oxide nanoparticles deposited on high surface area supports to increase the solid-liquid contact area renders it considerably more active. Noticeably,iron oxide cluster size and dispersion are important parameters in synthesizing active, supported Iron oxide nanoparticles. In addition, the interaction between iron oxide and TiO_2 was proposed as the source of photoactivity for Cr(Ⅵ) reduction.     

<Emphasis Type="Italic">In-situ</Emphasis> liquid-cell TEM study of radial flow-guided motion of octahedral Au nanoparticles and nanoparticle clusters

The dynamic behavior of octahedral gold nanoparticles (NPs) and nanoparticle clusters (NPCs) in aqueous solution is studied by in-situ liquid-cell transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The octahedral Au NPs/NPCs show preferential orientations in the liquid cell, due to the interaction with the SiN_x window. The Au NPs show long-range reversible hopping and three-dimensional (3D) rotational motions in the liquid environment. At the same time, the Au NPCs and NPs perform slow stick-slip and stick-roll motions, respectively, with a centripetal trend. The centripetal motions were explained by a liquid evaporation-induced radial flow model, in which the NPCs/NPs trajectories are controlled by Stokes forces and surface friction by the silicon nitride window. The calculated radius-dependent force (F_c) on the NPCs/NPs shows a semi-linear correlation with the distance r between the NPCs/NPs and the center of mass, accompanied with stochastic fluctuations, in agreement with the model predictions. This work thus demonstrates the effectiveness of in situ liquid-cell TEM for the in-depth understanding of complicated liquid flow and force interactions in nanomaterials.

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基于DSP某高炮随动控制系统设计

针对高炮随动系统的控制精度问题,设计一套基于DSP随动控制系统设计方案,介绍了系统的软硬件;基于CCS3.3开发环境的基础上,对随动控制系统试验台进行在线调试,并根据上位机给出速度与位置目标参数进行实验调试信号,测出实际测量与目标值之间的实时误差,并且对仿真结果进行分析,实验结果表明,系统设计合理,满足各性能指标要求,稳定性能好、具有快速跟踪能力。     

滞后估计算法在手机网络失效检测中的应用

对手机网络失效检测是一个新的研究课题。手机网络的失效往往没有明显特征,内部体现为消息的滞后性;根据这一特性,提出一种契比雪夫滞后估计算法并应用到手机网络失效检测中,给出了算法的原理,并根据手机网络传递消息滞后时间,带入算法进而估计下一次信号消息到达的滞后时间估计值,根据手机网络中消息到达的时间间隔,代入算法估计下一个数据消息可能到达的滞后间隔;设置下一个信号消息到达时刻计时器的超时值,将低于该超时值的滞后时间间隔所对应的手机网络消息节点看成失效节点,实现了对手机网络失效的准确检测;实验及分析说明该算法的估计结果同实际手机运行情况匹配度超过85%,具有较高的鲁棒性。