Computer characterization of debris clouds resulting from hypervelocity impact

A computational study to examine the effects of parameter variation on debris cloud formation and perforation behavior in a simple sphere-plate impact situation is described. The parameters varied were impact velocity, thickness: diameter ratio, projectile-target material combination and number of plates. In particular, effects associated with changes from strength-dominated to hydrodynamic behavior were considered.     

Coherent arrays of thin-film Josephson microbridges

We have investigated two different methods of coupling between the Josephson oscillations in arrays of superconducting microbridges made of Sn and In in order to establish a single free-running coherent state. We report on experiments involving a broadband inductive coupling between pairs of microbridges, each pair constituting a dc-SQUID; and a narrow hand coupling between microbridges via resonant structures in transmission lines consisting of microstrip or slot lines. We discuss the properties of these two ways of long range coupling of Josephson weak links and evaluate their potential for high-frequency applications.     

Skewed autonomy–relatedness in preadolescents' conceptions of their relationships with mother, father, and best friend.

Healthy adaptation within all close relationships—whether with parents, friends. or romantic partners—involves striking a balance between connectedness to and independence from the relationship partner. For some individuals, adaptation within one or more relationships is skewed, or characterized by either an excessive concern for closeness that impedes autonomy (preoccupied stance) or an excessive concern for autonomy that inhibits closeness (avoidant stance). In this study with boys and girls aged 9–14 years, children who reported a preoccupied or avoidant stance toward their mother displayed increased social impairment in the peer group over time. There were predictable associations among children's stances toward mother, father, and best friend. Children resembled their best friend in relationship stance. The study illustrates the advantages of applying common relationship constructs (e.g., autonomy-relatedness) to the study of diverse close relationships. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Transposition of the Drosophila element mariner into the chicken germ line

A previously healthy 37-year-old man had evaluation of abdominal pain, which had persisted after abrupt onset with fever and hematuria. Although the fever and hematuria had spontaneously resolved after 1 week, the abdominal pain had worsened over a 4-month period. Predicated upon computed tomography and with a presumed diagnosis of renal cell adenocarcinoma, left radical nephrectomy was done. Histopathologic analysis was negative for malignancy but compatible with inflammatory pseudotumor of the urogenital tract--a pathologic entity that is common in the urinary bladder and prostate gland but is rarely diagnosed in the kidney.     

Oxygen Processing of Hg and Tl Based Cuprate Superconductors

The effect that oxygen stoichiometry has on the physical properties of high critical temperature superconductors is well documented. For a general understanding of the conditions necessary for processing high critical temperature superconducting materials, phase equilibrium diagrams have been quite useful; however, such diagrams provide no information concerning the time required to oxygenate superconducting structures. In this paper, we present experimental results that clearly demonstrate the relationships among phase equilibrium diagrams, oxygen diffusion coefficients and grain sizes with the time required to adequately oxygenate high critical temperature superconducting materials and device structures. While oxygen processing of the high critical temperature superconductor, YBa₂Cu₃O_7–, is emphasized throughout this paper, the concepts and relationships discussed herein, in general, can be applied to the oxygen processing of other high critical temperature superconductors including the Hg and TI based systems.where the investigations were conducted has been transferred to the U.S. Army Research LaboratoryD.M. Pierce: Work performed while a National Research Council Associate     

The evolution of the Women's Health Initiative: perspectives from the NIH

The Women's Health Initiative (WHI) addresses some of the major health concerns of postmenopausal women. It is designed to test whether long-term preventive measures will decrease the incidence of cardiovascular disease, certain cancers, and fractures, and it seeks to find better predictors of future health and disease in older women. This report traces the evolution of the clinical trial and observational study (CT/OS) components of WHI from early planning in the 1980s to the current status of the WHI CT/OS as an integrated, ongoing clinical study. Particular attention is directed to the antecedent planning meetings and feasibility studies that formed the underpinnings of the WHI. The issues of hormone replacement therapy and of the optimal diet for postmenopausal women were investigated for almost a decade prior to WHI. However, no studies of sufficient size and duration to confidently test the value and risks of these approaches were initiated because of the cost and insufficient political commitment. The initiation of WHI in 1991 represents the confluence of scientific need and capability with the social priorities to improve the health and welfare of women.     

Incorporation of a Successful Community-Based Mammography Intervention: Dissemination Beyond a Community Trial.

Although a variety of interventions to increase breast cancer screening have been found to be effective in community-based trials, their ultimate contribution depends on the extent to which they are incorporated (i.e., adopted and adapted) by community organizations. From 1990 to 1995, the authors conducted a National Cancer Institute-funded community-based trial that increased screening mammography among women ages 40 and older living in Minneapolis public housing. This study describes the processes by which this intervention, called Friend to Friend, was successfully adopted by the American Cancer Society, Midwest Division, and adapted for use by women throughout the state. The authors offer insights from experience with this translational effort and make recommendations to facilitate collaboration between research and community organizations. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Microstrip coupling techniques applied to thin-film Josephson junctions at microwave frequencies

Three different schemes for coupling to low impedance Josephson devices have been investigated. They all employ superconducting thin-film microstrip circuit techniques. The schemes are: (i) a quarterwave stepped impedance transformer, (ii) a microstrip resonator, (iii) an adjustable impedance transformer in inverted microstrip. Using single microbridges to probe the performance we found that the most primising scheme in terms of coupling efficiency and useful bandwidth was the adjustable inverted microstrip transformer.     

Primary mediastinal choriocarcinoma in a Black youth

A primary mediastinal choriocarcinoma in a Black youth is described. The tumour was resistant to treatment and the patient deteriorated rapidly. No testicular tumour was present. The clinical, biochemical and autopsy findings are described.