Segmentation and classification of vegetated areas usingpolarimetric SAR image data

Classification of radar images based on the information provided by individual pixels cannot generally produce satisfactory results due to speckle. The classification based on area analysis is therefore expected to be more accurate, as a uniform area, which usually consists of multipixels, provides reliable measurement statistics and texture characteristics. However, the area analysis requires partitions of uniform areas to be performed first. In this paper, an approach to the classification of radar images is developed based on two steps. First an image is partitioned into uniform areas (segments), and then these segments are classified. Both segmentation and classification are achieved by using the Gaussian Markov random field model. Test images are classified to demonstrate the method     

Generalized rectification of cross spectral matrices for arrays ofarbitrary geometry

In high-resolution methods applied to uniform linear arrays (ULA), the preprocessing that consists of forcing the estimated cross spectral matrix (CSM) to be Toeplitz by averaging its elements along its diagonals is known to increase the resolving power drastically. That is why it is always done in practice. However, this approach is limited to linear arrays because of the required Toeplitz structure for the CSM. This paper generalizes this technique to arrays of arbitrary geometry; the developed method is referred to as rectification. It proceeds by searching first for a vector subspace of Hermitian matrices that contains the manifold generated by the CSMs when the angle of arrival (AOA) varies. This preliminary step is performed only once for a given array geometry. Next, rectification of estimated CSMs is achieved by projecting them onto this subspace, resulting in denoising and increased resolving power of source localization methods at a very low computational cost. As a byproduct, the storage requirements for the CSMs are greatly reduced     

Decomposing morphologically complex words in a nonlinear morphology.

Most Hebrew words are composed of 2 intertwined morphemes: a triconsonantal root and a phonological word pattern. Previous research with conjugated verb forms has shown consistent priming from the verbal patterns, suggesting that verbal forms are automatically parsed by native speakers into their morphemic constituents. The authors investigated the decomposition process, focusing on the structural properties of verbal forms that are perceived and extracted during word recognition. The manipulations consisted of using verbal forms derived from "weak" roots that have one consonant missing in some of the forms. The results demonstrated that if 1 consonant is missing, the parsing system collapses, and there is no evidence for morphological priming. In contrast, when a random consonant is inserted into the weak form, the verbal-pattern priming re-emerges. This outcome suggests that the constraint imposed on the decomposition process is primarily structural and abstract. Moreover, the all-or-none pattern of results is characteristic of rule-based behavior and not of simple correlational systems. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

一种带有片上电荷泵自动调谐结构的非对称带通滤波器的设计

摘要：提出了一种采用片上电荷泵自动调谐结构的MOSFET-C非对称带通滤波器的设计方案,并在UMC（联合电子公司）0.18um标准CMOS工艺线上流片得到验证。带有调谐系统的滤波器采用主从技术进行连续调谐,完成调谐功能后电荷泵输出调谐电压为2.663V,远高于电源电压,提高了滤波器的线性度。非对称带通滤波器带宽为（2.73MHz,5.34MHz）且具有3阶低通和2阶高通特性。以50欧姆作为源阻抗,滤波器带内3阶交调量（IIP3）为16.621dBm。输入参考噪声为47.455uVrms。在1.8V电源电压下,主滤波器功耗为3.528mW,自动调谐电路功耗为2.412mW。带有自动调谐系统的滤波器整个系统占芯片面积0.592mm2,可用于无线局域网,全球定位和蓝牙等系统中。     

My affair with the JAP

The medical community invests great confidence in published articles and research. It is incumbent on authors to be aware of the ethical responsibilities inherent in medical writing.     

The removal of heavy metals in anaerobic upflow sludge blanket reactors

The continuous removal of heavy metals by the biological solids in an anaerobic reactor has been examined. The metals used were chromium (III), zinc and lead. Both competitive and non-competitive removal was studied. The results were evaluated in terms of adsorption isotherms and were compared with earlier batch studies. This suggested that the sludge acted as a cation-exchange material, with chromium having a much lower binding intensity than lead and zinc. The data also suggest that the nature of the sludge surface is of considerable significance in determining the capacity and intensity of binding. The effect of the metals on biogas formation was also examined. This showed that inhibition of the gas formation was a function of the metal concentration and that the relative toxicities appeared to be zinc > lead > chromium.