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121.
Widiger Thomas A.; Cadoret Remi; Hare Robert; Robins Lee; Rutherford Megan; Zanarini Mary; Alterman Arthur; Apple Michelle; Corbitt Elizabeth; Forth Adelle; Hart Stephen; Kultermann Judith; Woody George; Frances Allen 《Canadian Metallurgical Quarterly》1996,105(1):3
The development of the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (American Psychiatric Association, 1994 ) included 12 field trials to assess proposed revisions. This article provides results from the antisocial personality disorder (APD) field trial that was conducted to obtain data of relevance to the proposals for simplification and for the inclusion of more traditional traits of psychopathy. Provided herein are the results from 4 sites that had sampled from populations of particular relevance to the diagnosis of APD (i.e., prison inmates, psychiatric inpatients, outpatients with substance use disorders, and homeless persons). The results indicated that some items from the 3rd revised Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (American Psychiatric Association, 1987) could be deleted without affecting the diagnosis. The field trial provided mixed support for the proposal to include more traditional traits of psychopathy. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved) 相似文献
122.
Strube Michael J.; Turner Charles W.; Cerro Dan; Stevens John; Hinchey Frances 《Canadian Metallurgical Quarterly》1984,47(4):839
In Study 1, 85 male undergraduates were classified as Type A (coronary prone) or Type B (noncoronary prone) on the basis of scores on the Jenkins Activity Survey. Ss participated in a version of A. H. Buss's (1961) teacher–learner procedure that allowed the isolation of hostile from instrumental acts. Results indicate that a prior task frustration produced greater aggression by Type A's than Type B's, but only under conditions where the aggressive act could not affect a confederate's immediate performance (i.e., hostile aggression). Study 2 examined the representation of Type A's and Type B's among 20 women in treatment for child abuse, 20 women who were victims of spouse abuse, and 20 control women. Findings show that Type A's were more likely than Type B's to exhibit the extreme hostility found in child abuse. Both studies suggest that a lack of control may underlie the greater aggression displayed by Type A's and Type B's. (39 ref) (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved) 相似文献
123.
Considers and evaluates political and psychosocial factors that impact the delivery of psychotherapy for male spouse abusers in light of the perceived clinical need for such services. Objections to providing psychotherapy for spouse abusers are viewed as emanating primarily from conflicting philosophical definitions of the problem. A proposed model of spouse abuse seeks to integrate findings from the literature and experience to reduce the conflict between diverse philosophical positions. The model identifies 3 areas in which intervention can decrease the likelihood of spouse abuse: social attitudes in the larger environment, the man's individual characteristics and attitudes, and the nature of the interactions between the man and his spouse. Guidelines presented attempt to maximize psychotherapy effectiveness and reconcile political and psychosocial issues. It is suggested that the assailant is solely responsible for the physical violence. Although social attitudes, environmental events, and individual characteristics all interact to increase the probability of wife battering, intervention with the assailant is considered critical. (28 ref) (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved) 相似文献
124.
J Fiske DM Davis C Frances S Gelbier 《Canadian Metallurgical Quarterly》1998,184(2):90-3; discussion 79
125.
Geller Josie; Brown Krista E.; Zaitsoff Shannon L.; Goodrich Shawna; Hastings Frances 《Canadian Metallurgical Quarterly》2003,34(4):406
Given that individuals with eating disorders, are typically ambivalent about changing their eating patterns, what approach is most helpful in working with this challenging group? This research compared the responses of clients with eating disorders and those of care providers to written clinical vignettes. All participants rated collaborative interventions as more acceptable and more likely to produce positive clinical outcomes than directive interventions. In addition, clients who were least ready for change rated directive interventions as less acceptable and less likely to produce adherence than did clients who were more ready. Despite participants' clear preference for collaborative interventions, directive interventions were rated as equally likely to occur. The implications of participant preferences and reasons that these preferences may not be reflected in actual clinical practice are addressed. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved) 相似文献
126.
J. B. Watson's contribution is evaluated in relation to his own time, with respect to his historical influence, and in light of current issues in developmental psychology. A survey of a nonrandom sample of current developmental psychologists revealed no consensus with respect to Watson's legacy to developmental psychology. The influence of Watson's insistence on an objective methodology in psychology remains, although is not necessarily acknowledged. His extreme environmentalism has been rejected. His concern to understand the principles of learning is reflected in the subsequent work of the Hullians and Skinnerians. The influence of his underlying premise about the importance of environment and of learning is to be found in such work as studies of the effects of intervention programs. The author questions the possible costs to the field of the continued rejection of a Watsonian emphasis on learning as an important process in development and behavior. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved) 相似文献
127.
Sweeney John A.; Clementz Brett A.; Haas Gretchen L.; Escobar Michael D.; Drake Karl; Frances Allen J. 《Canadian Metallurgical Quarterly》1994,103(2):222
To characterize oculomotor components and diagnostic specificity of eye tracking abnormalities in schizophrenia, we examined a large consecutively admitted series of psychotic patients and matched controls. The most common abnormality in schizophrenic patients was low gain (slow) pursuit eye movements (47% of cases). Pursuit and saccadic eye movement abnormalities were no more severe in schizophrenic Ss than in those with affective psychoses, except that high rates of catch-up saccades were unique to schizophrenic Ss (17% of cases). These findings indicate that impaired pursuit eye movements are a major cause of eye tracking impairments in schizophrenia, that tracking dysfunctions commonly occur in affective psychoses, and that markedly high rates of catch-up saccades during eye tracking may be specific to schizophrenia. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved) 相似文献
128.
Teng Su Ke Huang Hong Ma Hongxia Liang Phuong‐Uyen Dinh Justin Chen Deliang Shen Tyler A. Allen Li Qiao Zhenhua Li Shiqi Hu Jhon Cores Brianna N. Frame Ashlyn T. Young Qi Yin Jiandong Liu Li Qian Thomas G. Caranasos Yevgeny Brudno Frances S. Ligler Ke Cheng 《Advanced functional materials》2019,29(4)
Cardiovascular disease is the leading cause of mortality worldwide. While reperfusion therapy is vital for patient survival post‐heart attack, it also causes further tissue injury, known as myocardial ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury in clinical practice. Exploring ways to attenuate I/R injury is of clinical interest for improving post‐ischemic recovery. A platelet‐inspired nanocell (PINC) that incorporates both prostaglandin E2 (PGE2)‐modified platelet membrane and cardiac stromal cell‐secreted factors to target the heart after I/R injury is introduced. By taking advantage of the natural infarct‐homing ability of platelet membrane and the overexpression of PGE2 receptors (EPs) in the pathological cardiac microenvironment after I/R injury, the PINCs can achieve targeted delivery of therapeutic payload to the injured heart. Furthermore, a synergistic treatment efficacy can be achieved by PINC, which combines the paracrine mechanism of cell therapy with the PGE2/EP receptor signaling that is involved in the repair and regeneration of multiple tissues. In a mouse model of myocardial I/R injury, intravenous injection of PINCs results in augmented cardiac function and mitigated heart remodeling, which is accompanied by the increase in cycling cardiomyocytes, activation of endogenous stem/progenitor cells, and promotion of angiogenesis. This approach represents a promising therapeutic delivery platform for treating I/R injury. 相似文献
129.
Marketers and industrial designers devote considerable attention to the visual attributes of products, based on the premise that the visual appearance of products influences consumers’ judgments of the products’ attributes. This research investigated consumers’ perceptions about particular types of innovative products (revolutionary technology‐driven products), with 275 consumers sample purchased from an independent marketing company. To achieve the main goal, interrelations among image of product and aesthetics of product have been examined using structural equation modeling with two psychological moderators: consumer innovativeness and needs for uniqueness. The results of this study provide evidence that individual differences in uniqueness motivation moderated how online consumers’ perceptions of a product's image characteristics influenced perceptions of value showing consumers’ need for uniqueness was more influential toward perceptions of the product's value than perceptions of functional value. Consequently, these findings expand understanding of the consumer characteristics that respond to perceptions of products’ epistemic value. 相似文献
130.
Frances V. Stohl 《Fuel》1983,62(1):122-126
The purpose of this work was to determine the effects of surface area variations of iron sulphides on coal liquefaction. Several iron sulphides were synthesized including pyrites (FeS2) with 46.6 wt% Fe, pyrrhotites (Fe1?xS) with ~ 60 wt% Fe and iron-sulphur compounds of unknown composition. Surface areas of the synthetic pyrites varied from 2 to ? 10 m2 g?1, pyrrhotite surface areas were 6 and 10 m2 g?1, and the surface areas of the iron-sulphur compounds were 40 and 80 m2 g?1. These iron sulphides were tested for catalytic activity in tubing reactor runs with West Virginia Blacksville no. 2 coal and SRC-II heavy distillate. All these sulphides showed catalytic effects as compared to runs with only coal and solvent, although the effects were not as large as those obtained with a cobalt-molybdenum on alumina catalyst. Large differences in surface areas before reactor testing did not cause any significant differences in conversion. The results from an additional series of tubing reactor runs, which was carried out to determine how iron sulphide surface areas change during liquefaction, showed that the surface areas were drastically changed during the two-minute heat-up of the reactor. Robena pyrite with a surface area of 2.0 m2 g?1 and the iron-sulphur compound with a surface area of 80 m2 g?1 yielded iron sulphides with surface areas of 5.2 and 10.8 m2 g?1 after a two-minute heat-up to 425°C and subsequent one-minute quench. 相似文献