Multiple penetration of a TEz-polarized plane wave intomultilayered cylindrical cavity-backed apertures

A generalized mathematical procedure is developed for investigating a TE_z-polarized plane wave penetration through two-dimensional (2-D) multilayered cylindrical cavity-backed apertures. The mathematical treatment is based on the direct integral equation technique combined with the Galerkin's procedure. Both the near- and far-zone field solutions to such a multiple coupling system are obtained in an analytical form. By taking the aperture edge effects into account, the magnetic currents on the surrounded multiple apertures are expanded in terms of a series of Chebyshev polynomials of the first kind. Furthermore, parametric studies are performed to show the variation of the penetrated near-zone magnetic field in various cylindrical cavity-backed apertures with the aperture number and geometrical sizes     

Experimental and numerical study of single and two-phase flow and heat transfer in aluminum foams

This paper investigates the flow boiling characteristics of water and FC-72 in aluminum foams. For the experiments, the heat transfer processes prior to nucleate boiling, the onset of nucleate boiling and the hysteresis effect were studied. The temperature jump, marking the transition from nucleate to film boiling was observed for FC-72. Numerical simulations were performed based on water to compare with the experiments. In the single-phase simulations, the Brinkman–Forchheimer and local thermal non-equilibrium models were adopted for the momentum and energy equations, respectively while in the two-phase simulations, the two-phase mixture model was used. Comparisons between the experimental and numerical results show reasonable agreement.     

A new revolution in enterprise storage architecture

Network-attached storage (NAS) and storage area network (SAN) are the enterprise storage architectures that are commonly deployed in data centers. However, as storage demands escalate over time, none of these storage networks support aggressive concurrency and per-server throughput requirements for the applications on highly scalable computing clusters. In recent times, efforts have been set to incorporate the strengths of existing storage architectures into a unique framework that accomplished the performance, scalability, manageability, and a high level of data security. The approach has led to the design of novel storage architecture that support next generation object-based storage technology.     

Response Surface Modeling of Processing Parameters for the Preparation of Phytosterol Nanodispersions Using an Emulsification–Evaporation Technique

The purpose of this study was to optimize the production parameters for water-soluble phytosterol nanodispersions. Response surface methodology (RSM) was employed to model and optimize three of the processing parameters: mixing time (t) by conventional homogenizer (1–20 min), mixing speed (v) by conventional homogenizer (1,000–9,000 rpm) and homogenization pressure (P) by high-pressure homogenizer (0.1–80 MPa). All responses [i.e., mean particle size (PS), polydispersity index (PDI) and phytosterols concentration (Phyto, mg/l)] fitted well to a reduced quadratic model by multiple regressions after manual elimination. For PS, PDI and Phyto, the coefficients of determination (R ²) were 0.9902, 0.9065 and 0.8878, respectively. The optimized processing parameters were 15.25 min mixing time, 7,000 rpm mixing speed and homogenization pressure 42.4 MPa. In the produced nanodispersions, the corresponding responses for the optimized preparation conditions were a PS of 52 nm, PDI of 0.3390 and a Phyto of 336 mg/l.     

Transfection of the gene for B7-1 but not B7-2 can induce immunity to murine malignant mesothelioma

A 56-year-old female with rheumatoid arthritis was admitted because of bilateral hip pain. In a few months of her hospitalization, a relatively abrupt renal dysfunction was emerged besides complement breakdown, and renal biopsy revealed crescentic glomerulonephritis. Immunofluorescence study showed peripheral granular deposits of IgG, IgM, and C3 in the glomeruli. Cresents were predominantly composed of macrophages and glomerular epithelial cells. Amyloid nephropathy, renal vasuculitis, and association of other collagen vascular diseases were negligible for the causative factor. It was suggested that immune complexes were formed in the glomeruli, in which both humoral and cellular immune responses were to be induced, that brought cescents formation in the lesions. Crescentic glomerulonephritis in patients with rheumatoid arthritis is rare and a possible pathogenetic mechanisms involved in the development of renal dysfunction are discussed with the special reference to immune complex-induced inflammation.     

Electromagnetic dyadic Green's functions for multilayeredspheroidal structures. I: formulation

Dyadic Green's functions (DGFs) and their scattering coefficients are formulated in this paper for defining the electromagnetic fields in multilayered spheroidal structures. The principle of scattering superposition is applied, in a similar form of the DGF in an unbounded medium under spheroidal coordinates, the scattering DGFs due to multiple spheroidal interfaces are expanded in terms of the spheroidal vector wave functions. For the lack of general orthogonality of the spheroidal radial and angular functions, the Green's dyadics are expressed in a different way where the coordinate unit vectors are also combined in the construction, as compared with the conventional form of vector wave eigenfunction expansion. The matrix equation systems satisfied by the coupled scattering (i.e., reflection and transmission) coefficients of the DGFs are obtained so that these coefficients can be solved uniquely. The DGFs can be employed to investigate effects of spheroidal radomes used to protect the airborne or satellite antenna systems and of handy phone radiation near the spheroid-shaped human head, and so forth. Numerical calculations about the applications of the formulated multilayered DGFs are presented in part II of this paper     

Identification of beta-L-gulose as the sugar moiety of the main polar lipid Thermoplasma acidophilum

We studied the antibody binding capacity (ABC) of various cell-surface antigens in normal human fetuses and term neonates on lymphocyte, monocyte, and polymorphonuclear (PMN) cells by quantitative flow cytometry also designated by quantimetry. Analysis of changes of expression level on these leukocytes during the developmental process was also investigated. The results indicated that the ABC values of most studied markers change during the maturational process. The ABC of lymphocyte-associated antigens studied such as CD5 and CD7 showed only a decrease from fetus to adult, whereas according to the type of molecule on monocyte and PMN there was either an increase or a decrease of ABC values dependent on the stage of the developmental process, from fetus to neonate or from neonate to adult. However, the ABC values of leukocyte membrane antigens such as CD16, CD46, and CD55 on all leukocytes and CD11b, CD11c, and CD35 on myeloid cells did not change. Their expression level was already mature in fetuses compared with adult cells. In addition, in this quantimetric approach, the analysis of the results for CD11a and CD8 suggested that the changes of CD11a expression level on lymphocyte subsets can depend on one mechanism, whereas there are probably at least two for CD8. Furthermore, the expression patterns of CD5, CD7, and CD11a change during maturation. We concluded that, even if the neonate response pattern to immunological challenge differs from an adult and this is based primarily on the relative numbers and functional activity of lymphocyte T subsets (especially TH1/TH2) and their cytokine profiles, these quantitative and qualitative phenotypical differences might also contribute to explain the functional peculiarities of leukocyte fetal and cord blood cells. All these findings support the notion of immaturity and maturity of ABC expression.     

Transient behavior of fluid flow and heat transfer with phase change in vertical porous channels

The transient behavior of flow boiling in vertical porous channels is numerically studied in this paper. The velocity and temperature fields under different parameters for both aiding and opposing flows are investigated. Distinctly different flow and heat transfer features are observed in the comparison of aiding and opposing flows. An analysis of liquid saturation along the heated wall indicates that the minimum liquid saturation for aiding flow is located at the tail of the heated section, whereas for opposing flow, it is within the heated section and shifts upstream with the increase of Rayleigh number and decrease of Peclet number.     

Sex and acculturation differences in occupational values among Chinese-American children.

A study of sex and acculturation differences in occupational values among a group of Chinese-American children (5th and 6th graders) found that money and task satisfaction were very important values, whereas object orientation and solitude were quite unimportant. The high-acculturation children valued self-realization more than the low-acculturation children. Some sex differences in occupational values were also found among this group of children: boys valued object orientation, self-realization, and ideas–data more than did girls, and girls valued altruism more than did boys. The counseling and research implications of the findings are discussed. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)