MHWRR连续辐照生产裂变钼技术研究

为适应当前全球对放射性诊断核素99m Tc需求量不断增长的需要,阿尔及利亚比林核研究中心对多用途重水反应堆(Multi-purposes Heavy Water Research Reactor,MHWRR)实施升级改造,提出建立不停堆连续辐照生产裂变钼的能力需求。在对裂变钼靶件堆内辐照堆芯物理计算分析、热工水力计算分析、靶件出堆过程热工计算分析以及裂变99Mo产额计算等分析研究的基础上,结合反应堆设施原有限制条件,创新地提出了采用短时间临时停堆方式的技术方案,既能实现阿方产量目标,又能满足辐照安全要求。方案得到了阿方认可,工程实施后的初步调试结果表明:理论计算值与实验值符合较好,在无参考可借鉴实例的情况下,提出的辐照技术方案和工艺流程是合理可行的。     

嵌入式数据库SQLite在核仪器数据管理中的应用

针对核仪器中采用文件方式管理二进制谱线数据块时操作繁杂、格式不一、升级困难等问题,本项目通过嵌入体积小、速度快、稳定可靠的SQLite数据库,采用BLOB类型存储二进制谱线数据块,利用事务传输批量数据,提高了谱线数据管理性能与安全性。根据谱线数据管理要求,设计实用的谱线数据管理系统,验证SQLite数据库在核仪器数据管理中高效、便捷、可靠等优势。     

长三角地区农作物温室气体排放特征研究

为有效指导农业温室气体减排政策的制定,本研究分别采用CH4MOD模型和排放因子法估算了2018年长三角地区农作物甲烷(CH₄)和氧化亚氮(N₂O)排放,并分析其时空分布规律,最终建立了2018年长三角地区农作物1 km×1 km网格化温室气体排放清单.研究结果表明:长三角稻田CH₄排放因子为348.54 kg／hm²,农作物N₂O排放因子为0.95 kg／hm²,与前人研究结果具有一致性.长三角地区稻田CH₄排放为176.9万t(折合约3 714.9万t CO₂当量),最主要排放源为单季稻稻田;农作物N₂O排放为15114.9 t(折合约450.4万t CO₂当量),小麦是主要贡献源.CH₄和N₂O排放均主要来源于江苏省和安徽省,且集中在4—8月.建议加强对农业温室气体排放的管控,从源头上减少农田碳氮源的输入.     

3-UCR并联机构的瞬态运动学研究

基于反螺旋理论与虚拟机构法对一种特殊3-UCR并联机构的瞬态运动特性进行了分析.利用支链与动平台的一阶影响系数矩阵之间的关系,建立了此并联机构在螺旋坐标系下的瞬态运动数学模型,得出了一阶影响系数矩阵只与机构输入参数和机构构型有关的结论.提出的建模方法同样适用于其它欠自由度并联机构的瞬态运动特性分析,运用该数学模型,可得到任意瞬态的螺旋系节距.分析表明,该机构具有两转动一平动的瞬态运动特性,并利用动静平台平行位姿时的具体数值实例,验证了上述分析结果.     

基于抽样方法的燃耗计算核素积存量不确定度分析

基于抽样基本原理研究了应用于燃耗计算的不确定度分析方法,并开发了燃耗计算不确定度分析程序。基于评价核数据库ENDF/B-Ⅷ.0的裂变产额标准差和衰变常量标准差计算得到了衰变常量协方差矩阵和带相关性的裂变产额协方差矩阵,并结合SCALE6.2程序包的56群反应截面协方差数据库,对Takahama-3压水堆组件基准题中SF95-4样品进行不确定度分析。计算了反应截面、衰变常量和裂变产额不确定度引起的核素积存量的不确定度。计算结果表明,反应截面的不确定度是锕系核素积存量不确定度的主要来源,裂变产额和衰变常量的不确定度对部分裂变产物的积存量会引入较大的不确定度。但考虑裂变产额相关性后,裂变产额引起的不确定度显著降低。     

透视/遮阳/控温/红外隐身多功能集成序构薄膜研究

为了解决光学材料多功能耦合与集成的光谱诉求及其材料设计冲突难题,本文提出一种基于［TiAlN/Ag］²/TiAlN序构复合薄膜开展可见光透射诱导与红外辐射抑制的协同设计方法,诠释序构薄膜材料多功能耦合的新原理与新机制,并对其光学兼容性能测试表征。研究表明,构筑的［TiAlN（厚度30 nm）/Ag（厚度15 nm）］²/TiAlN（厚度30 nm）序构复合薄膜具备带通状选择性透射与中远红外低辐射的光学特性,可较好实现透视、遮阳、低辐射控温与红外隐身多功能兼容效果,在军用车辆、绿色建筑等特种玻璃的辐射控温与红外隐身领域有应用潜力。     

A Comparision of Starch Granules as Seen by Both Scanning Electron and Ordinary Light Microscopy

Starch being a transparent crystal often give images which are difficult to precisely define with the light microscope due to the diffraction and other effects such as internal structure which may appear as a surface phenomena. The scanning electron microscope (SEM); however, gives only surface detail. In a effort to differentiate between surface and internal details, the same starch granules have been studied by both ordinary light and scanning electron microscopy. In each case the granules were held in the same configuration as was seen with the light microscope when they were studied by SEM. In this way a direct comparison could be made between granules viewed by each microscopy technique. From such comparisons it is possible to determine the starch details that are actually due to internal features. The results for canna, potato and corn starches are given.     

Characterization of the Basal and mTOR-Dependent Acute Pulmonary and Systemic Immune Response in a Murine Model of Combined Burn and Inhalation Injury

Severe burn injury leads to a cascade of local and systemic immune responses that trigger an extreme state of immune dysfunction, leaving the patient highly susceptible to acute and chronic infection. When combined with inhalation injury, burn patients have higher mortality and a greater chance of developing secondary respiratory complications including infection. No animal model of combined burn and inhalation injury (B+I) exists that accurately mirrors the human clinical picture, nor are there any effective immunotherapies or predictive models of the risk of immune dysfunction. Our earlier work showed that the mechanistic/mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) pathway is activated early after burn injury, and its chemical blockade at injury reduced subsequent chronic bacterial susceptibility. It is unclear if mTOR plays a role in the exacerbated immune dysfunction seen after B+I injury. We aimed to: (1) characterize a novel murine model of B+I injury, and (2) investigate the role of mTOR in the immune response after B+I injury. Pulmonary and systemic immune responses to B+I were characterized in the absence or presence of mTOR inhibition at the time of injury. Data describe a murine model of B+I with inhalation-specific immune phenotypes and implicate mTOR in the acute immune dysfunction observed.     

不规则样品中元素含量XRF测定的校正

介绍了当样品的被测底面积不能视为无限大时目标元素含量的测量方法。从理论上说明了特散比R是与样品的被测量底面积无关的参数,通过实验证明特散比法是解决不规则样品中元素含量测量问题的很有效方法。     

弱酸性电解水用于提升鲜切马铃薯安全品质的研究

目的 探究弱酸性电解水和自来水处理的鲜切马铃薯在室温贮藏条件下不同时间段内品质的变化。方法 模拟现代厨房贮存模式,经弱酸性电解水和自来水处理的鲜切马铃薯在室温(25±0.5)℃贮藏环境下,贮藏0、7、14、21、28、35h时,检测其感官、色度、质构、淀粉、蛋白质、钾、维生素C、菌落总数、大肠杆菌、沙门氏菌、金黄色葡萄球菌、霉菌、酵母菌。结果 经弱酸性电解水处理的鲜切马铃薯在室温贮藏21 h内,经自来水处理的鲜切马铃薯在室温贮藏14 h内,感官正常,其营养成分淀粉、蛋白质、维生素C、钾元素下降较少,金黄色葡萄球菌、沙门氏菌、菌落总数、大肠杆菌、霉菌、酵母菌的含量均在国家标准和团体标准许可的安全范围内,可安全食用。结论 弱酸性电解水可显著提升鲜切马铃薯的贮藏品质,抑制其金黄色葡萄球菌、沙门氏菌、菌落总数、大肠杆菌、霉菌、酵母菌繁殖,延长室温贮藏期。