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61.
A NAD-dependent mannitol dehydrogenase (MtlD) was purified to homogeneity from P. fluorescens DSM50106 and the N-terminal amino acid sequence was determined. An oligonucleotide deduced from this peptide sequence was used as a probe to isolate the mannitol dehydrogenase gene (mtlD) from a genomic library of P. fluorescens. Nucleotide sequence analysis of a 1.8 kb NruI fragment containing the entire mtlD gene revealed an open reading frame of 1482 bp encoding a protein with a calculated molecular weight of 54.49 kDa. The enzyme shared a high similarity with a mannitol dehydrogenase from Rhodobacter sphaeroides and a putative mannitol dehydrogenase of Saccharomyces cerevisae with an overall identity in amino acid sequence of 44% and 42%, respectively, whereas the similarity to mannitol-1-phosphate dehydrogenases of Escherichia coli or Enterococcus faecalis was only about 23% of identical amino acids. By construction of inducible expression plasmids the specific activity of the mannitol dehydrogenase synthesized in E. coli was increased from 0.02 U (mg protein)(-1) to 10 U (mg protein)(-1). After fusion of six histidine codons to the 3' end of mtlD gene and expression in E. coli active mannitol dehydrogenase could be purified in a two-step procedure by affinity chromatography using a Ni2+ matrix column. The purified enzyme exhibited a specific activity of 46 U (mg protein)(-1) and was shown to be a polyol dehydrogenase with a broad substrate spectrum oxidizing efficiently mannitol, sorbitol and arabitol. 相似文献
62.
BACKGROUND: Delay of prenatal care is an important risk for poor birth outcome, yet its association with maternal knowledge and beliefs remains insufficiently studied. This research examined the relationship of unintended childbearing and beliefs about the importance of prenatal care with initiation after the first trimester, adjusting for key sociodemographic determinants. METHODS: One hundred fifty-four Texas hospitals accounting for 80 percent of state births were asked to collect surveys from all women delivering infants during a one-week interval in 1986. Seventy-four percent of hospitals and 70 percent of women participated (n = 2032). No differences occurred between the sample and the population on rates of delayed care and low birthweight or maternal demographics. RESULTS: Since delayed prenatal care is more frequent among low-income women, analyses were limited to those below the 200 percent poverty level. After adjustment for maternal age, marital status, education, parity, race, and health insurance status employing logistic regression, unintended births were 1.6 times more likely to involve delayed care. Mothers who believed prenatal care was unimportant were 2.1 times more likely to delay care. These coefficients exceeded or about equaled those for the covariates. CONCLUSIONS: Preconception education about the value of prenatal care and family planning programs to prevent unintended pregnancies should be conducted together with efforts to overcome financial and structural barriers if progress toward national prenatal care objectives is to be achieved. 相似文献
63.
Arnaud Barbier Guy-Antonin Martin Pilar Ramirez de la Piscina Narcis Homs 《Applied Catalysis A: General》2001,210(1-2):75-81
The hydrogenation of carbon monoxide over Co/SiO2 catalysts obtained by reduction of precursors prepared by the reaction of dicobaltoctacarbonyl with silica gives rise to a mixture of alcohols and hydrocarbons. The chain growth probability for hydrocarbon synthesis is similar to that observed over conventional catalysts prepared by the ammonia method (=0.74) with a comparable metal dispersion (metal particle size 4 nm). Alcohol formation yields a smaller chain growth probability (=0.42). Magnetic measurements have shown that in the latter catalyst, small cobalt clusters (1 nm) are likely to be present together with the cobalt particles (4 nm), this observation reconciles apparently conflicting results from the literature. It has been speculated that alcohol formation might be related to the presence of these clusters according to a concerted mechanism. Furthermore, the observation of large amounts of acetates by temperature-programmed hydrogenation, not detected in hydrocarbon selective catalysts, suggests that they may play a role in ethanol synthesis. 相似文献
64.
Compatibility relations of Al2 03 in the quaternary system Zr02-Al2 03 -Si02 -CaO were studied by firing and quenching followed by microscopy and energy-dispersive X-ray examination. A projection of the boundary surface of the primary crystallization volume of Al2 03 was constructed in terms of the CaO, Si02 , and Zr02 contents of the mixtures recalculated to 100 wt%. Two invariant points, where four solids coexist with a liquid phase, are defined, and the positions of the isotherms were established. 相似文献
65.
Valerio Choque Pilar Ramírez de la Piscina Daniel Molyneux Narcís Homs 《Catalysis Today》2010,149(3-4):248-253
The partial oxidation of methane is studied at 673–873 K over new Ru-based catalysts supported on TiO2–ZrO2 with different TiO2 content. Supports were prepared by a sol–gel method, and RuCl3 and RuNO(NO3)3 were used as ruthenium precursors to prepare the catalysts (1–2 wt% Ru). The effect of the reaction temperature on the catalytic behavior is analyzed, along with the support composition and the Ru precursor used. 相似文献
66.
Marta Benito José Manuel Lasa Pilar Gracia Rosa Oria María Abenoza Ana Cristina Sánchez‐Gimeno 《European Journal of Lipid Science and Technology》2012,114(5):558-567
Phenolic compounds have a high importance in olive oil because of their effect on shelf life and sensory properties. This study reports on the HPLC profiles of the phenolic compounds of virgin olive oils obtained from Arbequina olives from the harvesting in a super‐intensive orchard under a linear irrigation system. In addition, phenolic content, carotenoid and chlorophyllic pigments, and oxidative stability were analyzed. Total phenol content and 3,4‐DHPEA‐EDA increased up to a maximum throughout the ripening process. The simple phenols tyrosol and hydroxytyrosol acetate increased throughout the ripening process, however, there was not found a clear trend in hydroxytyrosol content. Minor constituents such as vanillic acid and p‐coumaric acid increased up to a maximum and then decreased, since vanillin decreased progressively throughout the time of harvest. 3,4‐DHPEA‐EDA and lignans were present in considerable amounts in the studied samples, while oleuropein aglycone was present in a low amount. Total phenol content and oil stability followed the same trend throughout the study, so a very good correlation was established between them. Total secoiridoids and, specifically, 3,4‐DHPEA‐EDA seemed to be responsible for oil stability. The pigment content decreased during ripening, and not a positive correlation was found between pigments and oil stability. Practical applications : The results can be used to determine the best time for harvesting in order to obtain olive oils with different phenols and pigment contents. This is important for sensory characteristics of the olive oils and also for olive oil stability. 相似文献
67.
Dragan Jocic Susana Vílchez Tatjana Topalovic Ricardo Molina Antonio Navarro Petar Jovancic Maria Rosa Juli Pilar Erra 《应用聚合物科学杂志》2005,97(6):2204-2214
This study examines in detail the influence of low‐temperature plasma and biopolymer chitosan treatments on wool dyeability. Wool knitted fabrics were treated and characterized by whiteness and shrink‐resistance measurements. Surface modification was assessed by contact‐angle measurements of human hair fibers, which were used as a model to study the wetting properties of the treated wool knitted fabrics. The dyeing behavior was assessed from the diffusion mechanism point of view. The dyeing kinetics were measured at two different pHs (4.2 and 6.5) and three different temperatures (60, 85, and 100°C) to gain information about the contribution of the surface modification treatment to the dyeing mechanism. The exhaustion and reflectance data were compared, and the apparent diffusion coefficients were calculated. On the basis of the obtained results, a model for the dyeing mechanism of the chitosan treated wool was proposed. When treated with chitosan, the polymer sheath spread on the surface of the fibers acted as a predominant dyeing site in very short dyeing times, thus interacting with the dye and in later stages imparting the dye to the wool fiber. © 2005 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 97: 2204–2214, 2005 相似文献
68.
Pilar Manglano María Jesús Lagarda María Dolores Silvestre Carmen Vidal Gonzalo Clemente Rosaura Farr 《European Journal of Lipid Science and Technology》2005,107(11):815-823
A study is made of the effects of storage (time and temperature) on the lipid fraction of four milk‐based adapted infant formulas with basically the same composition, though differing in the iron salt added (lactate or sulfate) and/or the vitamin E source (α‐tocopherol or α‐tocopherol acetate). Peroxide value, hydroperoxide C18 percentage and thiobarbituric acid‐reactive substance (TBARS) content were used as indicators of lipid peroxidation. Fat contents remained stable throughout storage. Peroxide values increased from the first storage month and were affected by storage time, although they exhibited irregular behavior. Storage time and temperature affected hydroperoxide percentage, which was seen to be the earliest indicator of lipid oxidation, being measurable in newly manufactured formulas. TBARS values were only affected by storage time. No statistically significant differences were found among the four infant formulas for any of the lipid oxidation indicators. 相似文献
69.
A study was carried out to increase the CLA contents in ewes’ milk fat under field conditions by dietary means and to investigate
the extent of the changes and consequences for milk processing and cheese quality. During a 3-mon period, ewes’ bulk milk
samples were collected every week from two different herds. For the first 4 wk the ewes were fed a conventional diet. Then
the following 6 wk a supplement enriched in α-linolenate (whole linseed) was incorporated into the ovine diet. Finally, in
the last 3 wk the feeding was the same as in the first 4 wk. The FA profile in milk fat was monitored by GC, and the distribution
of CLA isomers was thoroughly tested by combining GC-MS of 4,4-dimethyloxazoline derivatives (DMOX) with silver ion-HPLC (Ag+-HPLC) of FAME. Reconstructed mass spectral profiles of CLA characteristic ions from DMOX were used to identify positional
isomers, and Ag+-HPLC was used to quantify them. An increase in total CLA in milk fat was observed, and total CLA remained elevated during
the weeks of enriched α-linolenate feeding. In our experimental conditions there was a linear relationship between trans-vaccenic acid (trans-11-octadecenoic acid; trans-11 18∶1) and 9-cis, 11-trans CLA in ewes’ milk fat. Concerning the CLA isomer profile, increases in the 11,13- and 12,14–18∶2 positional isomers were
considerable when linseed was included in the diet. Organoleptic characteristics of cheeses made with CLA-enriched milk did
not substantially differ from those made with nonsupplemented ewes’ milk. CLA total content and isomer profile did not change
during ripening. 相似文献
70.
Wong Ademar Materón Elsa María Freitas Tayane A. Faria Ronaldo C. Gonçalves Débora Del Pilar Taboada Sotomayor Maria 《Journal of Applied Electrochemistry》2022,52(8):1249-1257
Journal of Applied Electrochemistry - The present work reports the development of screen-printed electrode (SPE) using flexible polyester sheets modified with nanodiamond (ND), Au nanoparticles... 相似文献