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61.
GR Picchio RJ Gulizia K Wehrly B Chesebro DE Mosier 《Canadian Metallurgical Quarterly》1998,72(3):2002-2009
Most individuals infected with human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) initially harbor macrophage-tropic, non-syncytium-inducing (M-tropic, NSI) viruses that may evolve into T-cell-tropic, syncytium-inducing viruses (T-tropic, SI) after several years. The reasons for the more efficient transmission of M-tropic, NSI viruses and the slow evolution ofT-tropic, SI viruses remain unclear, although they may be linked to expression of appropriate chemokine coreceptors for virus entry. We have examined plasma viral RNA levels and the extent of CD4+ T-cell depletion in SCID mice reconstituted with human peripheral blood leukocytes following infection with M-tropic, dual-tropic, or T-tropic HIV-1 isolates. The cell tropism was found to determine the course of viremia, with M-tropic viruses producing sustained high viral RNA levels and sparing some CD4+ T cells, dual-tropic viruses producing a transient and lower viral RNA spike and extremely rapid depletion of CD4+ T cells, and T-tropic viruses causing similarly lower viral RNA levels and rapid-intermediate rates of CD4+ T-cell depletion. A single amino acid change in the V3 region of gp120 was sufficient to cause one isolate to switch from M-tropic to dual-tropic and acquire the ability to rapidly deplete all CD4+ T cells. 相似文献
62.
The expression of ras was investigated by using immunohistochemistry in 245 primary colorectal adenocarcinomas and 49 corresponding metastases in the lymph nodes. One hundred and forty-four (59%) of the primary tumours presented as ras positive and 37 (76%) were positive in metastases. The ras expression was positively related to cell proliferation (p=0.01) and significantly increased in tumours with aneuploidy (68%) compared to tumours with diploidy (51%) and tetraploidy (53%, p=0.01). The frequency of ras expression was increased from Dukes' stage A to stages B-D (41% vs 62%, p=0.01). ras expression was compared in 40 paired primary tumours and their corresponding metastases, and the difference in expression did not reach statistical significance (73% vs 83%, p=0.32). In survival analyses, ras overexpression predicted a poor prognosis independent of Dukes' stage, DNA ploidy and S-phase fraction (p=0.049). We did not find any significant relationship between ras expression and patients' sex, age, tumour location, growth pattern, differentiation, p53 expression or heat shock protein. The results indicate that the alteration of ras expression may be involved in the instability of DNA and cellular overproliferation, but not in the progression to advanced stage and the development of metastases. The expression of ras was an important biological marker for evaluating the prognosis in patients with colorectal adenocarcinoma. 相似文献
63.
64.
Aaron D. Krabill Hao Chen Dr. Sajjad Hussain Dr. Chao Feng Dr. Ammara Abdullah Prof. Chittaranjan Das Dr. Uma K. Aryal Prof. Carol Beth Post Prof. Michael K. Wendt Prof. Paul J. Galardy Prof. Daniel P. Flaherty 《Chembiochem : a European journal of chemical biology》2020,21(5):712-722
The deubiquitinase (DUB) ubiquitin C-terminal hydrolase L1 (UCHL1) is expressed primarily in the central nervous system under normal physiological conditions. However, UCHL1 is overexpressed in various aggressive forms of cancer with strong evidence supporting UCHL1 as an oncogene in lung, glioma, and blood cancers. In particular, the level of UCHL1 expression in these cancers correlates with increased invasiveness and metastatic behavior, as well as poor patient prognosis. Although UCHL1 is considered an oncogene with potential as a therapeutic target, there remains a significant lack of useful small-molecule probes to pharmacologically validate in vivo targeting of the enzyme. Herein, we describe the characterization of a new covalent cyanopyrrolidine-based UCHL1 inhibitory scaffold in biochemical and cellular studies to better understand the utility of this inhibitor in elucidating the role of UCHL1 in cancer biology. 相似文献
65.
Sridhar Komarneni Bharat L. Newalkar Dongsheng Li Tarun Gheyi Christina L. Lopano Peter J. Heaney Jeffrey E. Post 《Journal of Porous Materials》2003,10(4):243-248
Several nitrate containing anionic clays were synthesized at different temperatures and the kinetics of NO3
– release were determined to test their suitability as slow-release N fertilizers. A sample (Mg:Al = 2:1) synthesized at 60°C with smaller particle size released 75, 86 and 100% of its NO3
– in 1, 3 and 7 days, respectively when equilibrated with a simulated soil solution. On the other hand, the 175°C/2 hrs sample with larger particle size released 65, 77 and 84% of its nitrate in 1, 3 and 7 days, respectively. Another anionic clay (synthesized at 175°C/24 hrs) of higher charge density (Mg:Al = 2:1) containing NO3
– was equilibrated with a 0.012 N NaCl or Na2CO3 to test the role of different anions in releasing the NO3
– anion from the interlayers. The results showed that Cl– released more NO3
– than did CO3
2– from this anionic clay after all the treatment times probably as a result of the CO3
2– anion blocking the release of NO3
– from the interior of the crystals. When a lower charge density (Mg:Al = 3:1) sample (synthesized at 175°C/48 hrs) was equilibrated with 0.02N solution of anions the release of nitrate was as follows: Cl– < F– < SO4
= CO3
2–. These results suggest that the divalent SO4
= and CO3
2– anions are more effective in the release of NO3
– from this lower charge density anionic clay. Time-resolved structural analysis of NO3
– exchange with CO3
2– in the above anionic clay using synchrotron x-ray diffraction showed that ion exchange is rapid because of small crystal size and lower charge density. Thus the release of NO3
– from anionic clays is an interplay among the type of anions present in soil solution, their concentration, pH of soil solution, the charge density and crystal size of anionic clay etc. 相似文献
66.
Alessandro Martucci Mirko Pasquale Massimo Guglielmi Mike Post Jean Claude Pivin 《Journal of the American Ceramic Society》2003,86(9):1638-1640
Sol–gel derived silica (SiO2 ) films doped with nickel oxide (NiO) nanocrystals were fabricated. A bifunctional ligand was used, bearing amine groups capable of coordinating the nickel ions and hydrolysable siloxane groups for anchoring the metal complex moiety to the silicate matrix. Nickel oxide nanocrystals precipitated at 500°C while the film was still porous. The nanocomposite films showed a reversible change in the optical transmittance in the VIS-NIR range when exposed to carbon monoxide gas. The effects of residual porosity, testing temperature, and carbon monoxide gas concentration on optical transmittance were studied. 相似文献
67.
Kyle J. Sommers Brian S. Bentley Dr. Robert G. Carden Savannah J. Post Ryan A. Allen Renee C. Kontos Jacob W. Black Prof. William M. Wuest Prof. Kevin P. C. Minbiole 《ChemMedChem》2021,16(3):467-471
Inspired by the incorporation of metallocene functionalities into a variety of bioactive structures, particularly antimicrobial peptides, we endeavored to broaden the structural variety of quaternary ammonium compounds (QACs) by the incorporation of the ferrocene moiety. Accordingly, 23 ferrocene-containing mono- and bisQACs were prepared in high yields and tested for activity against a variety of bacteria, including Gram-negative strains and a panel of clinically isolated MRSA strains. Ferrocene QACs were shown to be effective antiseptics with some displaying single-digit micromolar activity against all bacteria tested, demonstrating yet another step in the expansion of structural variety of antiseptic QACs. 相似文献
68.
John Sheffield Thomas M. Antonsen Jr. Lee A. Berry Michael R. Brown Jill P. Dahlburg Ronald C. Davidson Martin Greenwald Chris C. Hegna William McCurdy David E. Newman Claudio Pellegrini Cynthia K. Phillips Douglass E. Post Marshall N. Rosenbluth Thomas C. Simonen James Van Dam 《Journal of Fusion Energy》2000,19(3-4):229-244
This Panel was set up by the Fusion Energy Sciences Advisory Committee (FESAC) at its November 2000 meeting for the purpose of addressing questions from the Department of Energy concerning the theory and computing/simulation program of the Office of Fusion Energy Sciences. Although the Panel primarily addressed programmatic questions, it acknowledges that the theory and computing in fusion energy sciences has a stellar record of research successes. (A recent FESAC report entitled Opportunities in the Fusion Energy Sciences Program listed a number of theory and computing research highlights.) Last year the National Research Council performed an assessment of the quality of the fusion energy sciences program—including theory and computing—and concluded that the quality of its research is on a par with that of other leading areas of contemporary physical science. 相似文献
69.
Effects of two types of intra-team feedback on developing a shared mental model in Command & Control teams 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
In two studies, the effect of two types of intra-team feedback on developing a shared mental model in Command & Control teams was investigated. A distinction is made between performance monitoring and team self-correction. Performance monitoring is the ability of team members to monitor each other's task execution and give feedback during task execution. Team self-correction is the process in which team members engage in evaluating their performance and in determining their strategies after task execution. In two experiments the opportunity to engage in performance monitoring, respectively team self-correction, was varied systematically. Both performance monitoring as well as team self-correction appeared beneficial in the improvement of team performance. Teams that had the opportunity to engage in performance monitoring, however, performed better than teams that had the opportunity to engage in team self-correction. 相似文献
70.
HI McFarland AA Lobito MM Johnson JT Nyswaner JA Frank GR Palardy N Tresser CP Genain JP Mueller LA Matis MJ Lenardo 《Canadian Metallurgical Quarterly》1999,162(4):2384-2390
Definition of the immune process that causes demyelination in multiple sclerosis is essential to determine the feasibility of Ag-directed immunotherapy. Using the nonhuman primate, Callithrix jacchus jacchus (common marmoset), we show that immunization with myelin basic protein and proteolipid protein determinants results in clinical disease with significant demyelination. Demyelination was associated with spreading to myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein (MOG) determinants that generated anti-MOG serum Abs and Ig deposition in central nervous system white matter lesions. These data associate intermolecular "determinant spreading" with clinical autoimmune disease in primates and raise important issues for the pathogenesis and treatment of multiple sclerosis. 相似文献