Computer modeling of the neural network recognizing the contrasts on the image

Computer modeling of the neuron network offered in [1] is discussed. Organization and feature of modeling are described, as well as the changes, which are introduced in the network during researches. Results of modeling are present.     

Probiotics in childhood

The Probiotics (Lactic acid bacteria) represent a nutritional live microbial supplement that positively affects host by enhancing the microbial balance. A survey is made of the most relevant studies concerning the use of probiotics in the prevention and treatment of infantile acute diarrhoea (by rotavirus or other agents), pseudomembranous colitis, hospital-acquired and antibiotic-associated diarrhoeas. Although the probiotics mechanism of action is not yet completely understood, it has been hypothesized that they exert an inhibitory effect on the intestinal inflammation by immune response modulation. Due to this property, the use of probiotics has therefore been suggested in other severe diseases such as chronic inflammatory bowel diseases, rheumatoid arthritis, food allergy, atopic dermatitis and as immunoadjuvant for oral vaccines.     

Clonal relationships among high-level penicillin-resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae in the United States

Emu antibody responses to avian influenza virus (AIV) infection were evaluated by the competitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (C-ELISA), agar gel immunodiffusion (AGID) and hemagglutination inhibition (HI) tests. All birds infected with AIV H5N1, H5N3, or H7N7 developed antinucleoprotein (NP) antibodies as early as 7 days postinfection as detected by the C-ELISA. The responses lasted 49 days for the emus receiving H5N3 and at least 56 days for emus receiving the other two viruses. By evaluating 50 emu field serum samples, the C-ELISA was found more sensitive than the AGID test for the detection of anti-NP antibodies. This study indicates that emus experimentally infected with AIV developed antibody responses that can be detected by C-ELISA, AGID, and HI tests. The results from this and our previous studies demonstrate the use of the C-ELISA as a substitute for the AGID test in a routine serodiagnostic screening for detection of antibodies to AIV infection in multiple avian species.     

An intensive regimen of pelotherapy in pulmonology

The authors show that intensification of peloid therapy, i.e. more frequent procedures, in patients with pulmonary diseases imposes additional load on the regulatory systems: vegetative, cardiovascular, immune. Moderate balneological reactions become more frequent, therapeutic results worsen. How to correct the above negative effects is proposed.     

Serum and urinary zinc levels in urolithiasis

Zinc has an important place amongst inhibitors of crystallisation and crystal growth. These views are supported by in vivo and in vitro studies which suggest that the urinary zinc level is a significant factor in urolithiasis. Some recent studies have given contradictory results. Blood serum and urinary zinc levels were measured in 30 normal healthy controls and 42 stone forming patients (renal, ureteric and vesical). Statistically significant levels were found in all groups, varying according to the number of calculi. Increased urinary zinc levels and decreased serum zinc levels appear to be secondary to the process of stone formation. The role of zinc as an inhibitor of urolithiasis is questionable.     

Reconstructive and plastic microsurgery in the treatment of combat trauma to the extremities

In the department of microsurgery of A.A. Vishnevsky Central Hospital the transplantation and transposition of the at the gunshot injuries of the extremities have begun to execute since 1990. For this time 94 surgical interventions have been conducted at 88 wounded: 57 transplantations and 37 transpositions of the bloody tissues. The transplantation and transposition of the vascularized complexes of tissues with application of microsurgical technique is the effective method of the treatment of the wounded in the extremities. In the conditions of the local armed conflicts it is necessary to provide deployment of the department of microsurgery at stages of the specialized medical care.