Cyclic oxidation of copper doped Ti-48Al-2Cr-2Nb

The widespread use of titanium aluminide alloys will require effective joining techniques for primary fabrication and repair. One such technique is Transient Liquid Phase (TLP) bonding, which has been used to join titanium aluminide alloys. A successful TLP bonding process uses a copper-containing composite interlayer and thus introduces a small amount of copper into the alloy. Although even relatively small alloying additions can be detrimental to the oxidation resistance of titanium aluminide alloys, the amount of copper added to the alloy during the TLP bonding process has previously been shown to be neutral or beneficial to the isothermal oxidation resistance of the alloy. In this paper, a small amount of copper introduced during TLP bonding is shown to have no detrimental effect on the cyclic oxidation of Ti-48 at% Al-2 at% Cr-2 at% Nb.     

Kangaroo care

This method of holding infants has rapidly evolved as a practice in intensive care nurseries to support parenting. Research documenting its physiologic and developmental benefits is increasing. More research is needed to demonstrate the effectiveness of this procedure as a component of developmental care in nurseries.     

Novel photoresist stripping technology using ozone/vaporized water mixture

The authors have developed a new process as an alternative to sulfuric peroxide mixture (SPM) cleaning of Si wafers. This process, vapor ozone strip (VOS), uses ozone and vaporized water, significantly reducing any effect on environment, health and safety. The process is more effective than ozone water immersion, because high concentration ozone gas and high temperature water can be used simultaneously. Also, the process uses the highly reactive OH* radical species. The VOS process is able to strip photoresist at a higher rate than other techniques using ozone. Ion implanted photoresist and etched photoresist can be stripped. VOS has demonstrated equivalent performance to SPM in electrical reliability testing.     

Inhibition by Lactobacillus sakei of other species in the flora of vacuum packaged raw meats during prolonged storage

The abilities of five Lactobacillus sakei strains and one Lactococcus lactis strain to retain inhibitory activity against several target organisms in the flora of product during 12 weeks storage of vacuum-packaged lamb and beef was investigated. L. sakei strains were generally found capable of developing dominant populations on both beef and lamb. L. lactis 75 grew poorly on lamb did not inhibit co-inoculated Brochothrix thermosphacta. Lamb inoculated with the Sakacin-A producer L. sakei Lb706 had lower Listeria monocytogenes populations than lamb inoculated with a bacteriocin-negative variant. In beef packs inoculated with Clostridium estertheticum spores and L. sakei strain 27, 44 or 63, the development of blown-pack spoilage was delayed by up to one week. Campylobacter jejuni inoculated onto beef was recovered from fewer packs when it was co-inoculated with 3000 CFU cm⁻² of L. sakei strain 27, 44 or 63. Observed inhibition did not always correlate with inhibition observed in earlier media-based studies, supporting the view that functionality identified using simple media-based screening methods may not be replicated in the complex environment of stored foods, and vice-versa. These findings further define a set of L. sakei strains with potential for the extended bio-preservation of minimally processed fresh beef and lamb.