Evaluating response set styles on the MMPI with prisoners: Faking good adjustment and maladjustment.

Told 24 prison inmates (mean age = 23 yr) to fake good adjustment and maladjustment on the MMPI. Results were compared with Ss' normal or "honest" MMPI profiles. Ss were easily able to fake maladjustment and, contrary to theory, were also able to fake good adjustment. The adequacy of various indices of faking were compared and recommendations are made for the applied use of some of these indices for the detection of faked responses in correctional settings. Previous role-playing vs "real-life" studies are contrasted and the inmates' results are compared with previous findings. (French summary) (27 ref.) (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Letting the baby drown in the bathwater: Fear of facts.

Challenges S. B. Sobel's (see record 1979-09067-001) critique of a previous article (J. McCord; see record 1979-09057-001) that reported the findings from a 5-yr treatment program designed to prevent delinquency. Discussed are Sobel's comments on the failure to analyze for deterioration effects, the finding of deleterious treatment effects, and counseling and relationship models. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Rearing conditions alter social reactivity and D1 dopamine receptors in high- and low-aggressive mice

As a result of selective breeding, NC900 mice exhibit isolation-induced attacks in a social interaction test, whereas NC100 mice do not attack but freeze instead. Administration of the D1 receptor agonist dihydrexidine was previously shown to reduce aggression in NC900 mice and nonagonistic approaches in NC100 mice. This resulted from induction of a marked social reactivity in both selected lines. Because isolation rearing also induces social reactivity, the present experiment was designed to test the hypothesis that D1 dopamine receptors mediate isolation-induced social reactivity. Isolation was expected to potentiate the effects of a D1 agonist and to increase D1 dopamine receptor density. Thus, isolated and group-reared mice were administered dihydrexidine, and their social behavior was compared to vehicle-injected controls. Dihydrexidine induced higher levels of reactivity among isolated than among group-reared animals, especially in NC900 mice. In independent experiments, increased densities of D1 dopamine receptors in the striatum of isolated animals were found, with no change in affinity. These studies suggest an important role for the D1 dopamine receptor as a mediator of isolation-induced social reactivity.     

Enhancement of emulsifying properties of whey proteins by controlling spray-drying parameters

Whey protein concentrate is the main source of globular proteins in food products which are principally used as emulsifying, foaming and gelling ingredients. These whey proteins are commonly used in powder form obtained by a spray-drying process. It is well known that β-lactoglobulin, the major protein component in whey, is greatly affected by heat treatments, with consequences on its adsorption properties at fluid–fluid interfaces. This study concerned four whey protein powders obtained using spray-drying at four different air inlet temperatures (from 170 to 260 °C), leading to different levels of protein solubility, denaturation and end-use properties. After evaluation of the protein denaturation by HPLC, the emulsifying properties were studied through particle size parameters and rheological properties in relation with spray-drying parameters. Our results indicated that oil-in-water emulsions, stabilized by 5% (w/w) protein samples, exhibited a shear-thinning flow behaviour, and the harsher the spray-drying conditions (the higher the protein denaturation), the less viscous were the emulsions. The apparent viscosity of emulsions measured at 20 °C and 50 s⁻¹ shear rate was around 0.08 Pa s when containing whey proteins before drying, and around 0.05–0.018 Pa s after drying at air inlet temperatures from 170 to 260 °C. These differences in emulsion rheological properties were related to particle size effects, in regards to analysis of particle size distributions which showed a finer emulsion according to spray-drying intensity. Our results will be presented and discussed in terms of optimization of spray-drying process relative to globular protein surface activity.     

宽带革命不仅是速度的革命,更是内容的革命

1前言如果你认为宽带革命是一场关于传输速度的革命,你的观点有待商榷.真正的宽带革命是关于内容的.宽带技术的进步使传输的速度更快,服务质量更高,并产生内容存贮或缓存的新模式和新的计算设备.但这些技术本身不是革命,它们只是使宽带革命的到来成为可能.     

Design of scalable and efficient multi-radio wireless networks

A proper design of Wireless Mesh Networks (WMNs) is a fundamental task that should be addressed carefully to allow the deployment of scalable and efficient networks. Specifically, choosing strategic locations to optimally place gateways prior to network deployment can alleviate a number of performance/scalability related problems. In this paper, we first, propose a novel clustering based gateway placement algorithm (CBGPA) to effectively select the locations of gateways. Existing solutions for optimal gateway placement using clustering approaches are tree-based and therefore are inherently less reliable since a tree topology uses a smaller number of links. Independently from the tree structure, CBGPA strategically places the gateways to serve as many routers as possible that are within a bounded number of hops. Next, we devise a new multi-objective optimization approach that models WMN topologies from scratch. The three objectives of deployment cost, network throughput and average congestion of gateways are simultaneously optimized using a nature inspired meta-heuristic algorithm coupled with CBGPA. This provides the network operator with a set of bounded-delay trade-off solutions. Comparative simulation studies with different key parameter settings are conducted to show the effectiveness of CBGPA and to evaluate the performance of the proposed model.     

Norms and recidivism rates for the MMPI and selected experimental scales on a Canadian delinquent sample.

Provides norms and recidivism rates on the MMPI and a number of experimental scales for 646 young English-speaking offenders in the province of Ontario. Data gathered in the study confirm a need for an updating of MMPI and selected experimental scale norms on correctional samples. Specific changes in delinquents' MMPI norms are noted and compared to norms gathered on psychiatric samples in Ontario. The adequacy of psychological tests, in particular the MMPI and the selected experimental scales, in predicting recidivism is discussed. At best, the scales in the present study were mediocre predictors of recidivism, and the MMPI fared relatively poorly in comparison to some of the selected experimental scales. (French summary) (40 ref). (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Changes in EEG alpha frequency and evoked response latency during solitary confinement.

1 wk. of solitary confinement of 20 18-45 yr. old prison inmates produced significant changes in their EEG frequency and visual evoked potentials (VEP) that parallel those reported in laboratory studies of sensory deprivation. EEG frequency declined in a nonlinear manner over the 7-day period. VEP latency, which decreased with continued solitary confinement, was shorter for these Ss than for control Ss whose VEP latency did not change over the same period. Experimental Ss who had been in prison longer had shorter VEP latencies than relative newcomers to the prison. (20 ref.) (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Personality characteristics of incarcerated speed abusers.

Compared the personality characteristics of 105 offenders, comprising 2 groups of speed users, a multidrug group and a nonuser group, on the MMPI. There were marked similarities in the MMPI profiles of these groups which did not support the claim that speed abusers have distinct personality traits. Also, the degree of drug use and situational-motivational variables were not related to MMPI profile elevation. Results are discussed in relation to other drug abuse personality research. Recommendations for future research are outlined. (French summary) (20 ref) (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)