The maximum surgical blood order schedule and surgical blood use in the United States

The outdating of units of blood can be reduced by decreasing the amount of time they spend in an assigned or crossmatched status. This reduction can be achieved in a hospital by establishing a maximum surgical blood order schedule (MSBOS) which reduces the excessive number of units of blood crossmatched preoperatively for patients undergoing elective surgery. The various steps which occurred in the development of a MSBOS in a large general hospital are detailed and the projected reduction in the number of crossmatched units which can be achieved with the MSBOS is illustrated. illustrated. The projected number of units of blood transfused to patients during their hospitalization for 50 common primary surgical procedures in the United States during 1974 is presented as a basis for defining maximum blood orders for each procedure.     

60Co-γ辐射对马铃薯淀粉特性的影响

采用60Co-γ射线对马铃薯淀粉进行辐照处理,辐照剂量分别为4、8、10、12、16kGy和20kGy,测定淀粉的颗粒特性及淀粉糊的透明度、热稳定性及冷稳定性。结果表明：辐照后的马铃薯淀粉颗粒形貌未发生明显变化、平均粒径变小;淀粉糊的透明度升高,峰值黏度减小,热稳定性及冷稳定性均显著提高。辐照剂量高于10kGy时,淀粉糊的峰值黏度与冷、热稳定性变化趋于平缓。     

The relationship of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder and conduct disorder to juvenile delinquency: legal implications

Attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and conduct disorder (CD) are both disorders of childhood and adolescence that all too frequently extend into adulthood. But just what is the relationship between these two disorders? This study explores the overlap between these two disorders as they relate to juvenile delinquency; both are significant risk factors for the development of antisocial behavior. But there is more significance to the presence or absence of ADHD or CD in later antisocial behavior. Higher levels of defiant and/or aggressive behavior lead to antisocial acts as compared with lower levels of defiance and antisocial acts. Boys diagnosed with ADHD have higher felony rates than normal control boys, yet ADHD is not nearly as strong a predictor of offending behavior as is CD in study subjects. The presence of both CD and ADHD contributes to illegal behavior, and it is likely that early intervention in both disorders will reduce the prevalence of antisocial behavior.     

Limited influence of the mesothelium on the influx of monocytes into the peritoneal cavity

Exposure of Farage, a human B-cell line, to interleukin 4 (IL4) reduced the amount of CD38 antigen on the surface of the cells and in cell lysates. No evidence was obtained for accelerated breakdown, shedding, or internalization of CD38 molecules following IL4 treatment, nor the accumulation of CD38 molecules in the cell interior. The inhibition of protein synthesis with cycloheximide (CXM) diminished the down-regulation of CD38 induced by IL4. CXM decreased the expression of CD38 in Farage cells with arrested mitosis, and IL4 failed to further reduce CD38 expression. Staurosporine, an inhibitor of serine/threonine protein kinases, and H7 (1-(5-isoquinolinylsulfonyl)-2-methylpiperazine), a preferential inhibitor of protein kinase C (PKC), abrogated the effect of IL4 on CD38, while inhibitors of other serine protein kinases W7 (N-(aminohexyl)-5-chloro-1-naphthalenesulfoamide) and H8 (N-(2-[methylamino]ethyl)-5-isoquinolinesulfonamide) failed to interfere with the effect of IL4. Phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA), an activator of PKC, resembled IL4 in decreasing the expression of CD38, and either staurosporine or H7 abolished this effect. Genistein, an inhibitor of tyrosine kinases, increased the expression of CD38, but failed to abrogate the inhibitory effect of IL4 on CD38. It is concluded that serine/threonine protein kinases mediated the IL4-induced down-regulation of the expression of CD38 molecules in B cells.     

开放式摆线磨齿机的数控系统研究

建立了摆线齿轮磨削加工的数学模型,提出了一种基于IPC,以PMAC运动控制器为控制系统核心的开放式摆线齿轮磨齿机数控系统,介绍了该系统的硬件结构和软件设计方法.     

天然藻类对废水中 COD 的去除效率研究

目前废水中COD的处理问题是我国乃至世界各国普遍关注的问题,找到一种操作简单、成本低且效果好的处理方法是解决问题的关键所在。利用天然藻类中绿藻、硅藻处理不同类型废水,以COD作为检测指标。结果表明,绿藻对废水中COD的去除率最高。同时探讨了不同初始浓度的COD、不同种类废水中COD的去除效率。     

BP网络算法在平面运动测量误差补偿中的应用

在航天对接试验平台开发项目中,针对平面运动物体非接触高精度测量的难点,提出一种针对物体三自由度平面运动的创新性测量方法.利用激光测距传感器的并联组合,实现对物体位置和姿态的非接触式测量.以传感器测量值为输入样本,运用BP神经网络算法建立误差模型,通过调整权值因子使建立的网络模型能够拟合出测量误差,从而修正测量的数学模型.基于BP神经网络的误差补偿方法对平面运动物体测量误差的补偿具有明显的效果,能够满足位姿测量的精度要求.     

一种新的比相式电抗型距离继电器算法

对测量阻抗型和相量比较型两种类型的电抗距离继电器的抗稳态超越的能力进行了研究,主要包括负荷的影响和同相问题的研究。同时,构造了一个新的电抗型距离继电器判据和算法,该算法具有方向性,且不受负荷和同相问题的影响,解决了由于负荷和同相问题引起的稳态超越现象,提高了保护动作的可靠性。电磁暂态仿真结果证明该原理具有防止负荷和同相问题引起的稳态超越和保护范围不足的问题。     

一种新的基于相位调制跟踪的电源并联控制方法

研究了抗干扰能力强、控制可靠性高的数字化并联控制技术，提出了一种数字均流控制方法一相位调制跟踪法。该方法将每个模块有功功率、无功功率和同步信号通过相位调制的方法变换为相位变化的周期脉冲信号，然后通过锁相同步的方法使所有并联逆变器模块都跟踪相位最超前，即输出功率最大模块的脉冲信号，从而实现功率均分。该方法具有控制信号分辨率高，抗干扰能力强以及稳定性好等优点，提高了系统均流控制精度；同时，自然实现了民主主从控制，具有好的控制冗余性。克服了线路阻抗变化对系统均流精度的影响。实验结果表明，该方法能较好地实现逆变模块的功率均分，模块间输出电流偏差小于1％。