Building a database for product design knowledge retrieval—A case study in robotic design database

In product design process, when dealing with technical problems or initiating a new design, R&D personnel would often turn to technical database to seek inspiration. The building of a database with such documents has not been systematically dealt with. In this paper, several issues on how to build up a product design database are investigated: input source, sampling scheme and quality control. A case study of building a database for robotic design is used to demonstrate the concept. It is an archive of more than 1500 relevant technical papers. A total of 16 graduates are employed as operators in the labeling process and subsequently the hypothesis tests are utilized to process the labeling results. To ensure this database quality, the labeling consistency of each operator and the understanding of each category are tested. With the use of statistical methods, this work proposes a feasible and practical way to create such a database for product design.     

ADAPTIVE RANKS CLONE AND k‐NEAREST NEIGHBOR LIST–BASED IMMUNE MULTI‐OBJECTIVE OPTIMIZATION

Artificial immune systems (AIS) are computational systems inspired by the principles and processes of the vertebrate immune system. The AIS‐based algorithms typically exploit the immune system's characteristics of learning and adaptability to solve some complicated problems. Although, several AIS‐based algorithms have proposed to solve multi‐objective optimization problems (MOPs), little focus have been placed on the issues that adaptively use the online discovered solutions. Here, we proposed an adaptive selection scheme and an adaptive ranks clone scheme by the online discovered solutions in different ranks. Accordingly, the dynamic information of the online antibody population is efficiently exploited, which is beneficial to the search process. Furthermore, it has been widely approved that one‐off deletion could not obtain excellent diversity in the final population; therefore, a k‐nearest neighbor list (where k is the number of objectives) is established and maintained to eliminate the solutions in the archive population. The k‐nearest neighbors of each antibody are founded and stored in a list memory. Once an antibody with minimal product of k‐nearest neighbors is deleted, the neighborhood relations of the remaining antibodies in the list memory are updated. Finally, the proposed algorithm is tested on 10 well‐known and frequently used multi‐objective problems and two many‐objective problems with 4, 6, and 8 objectives. Compared with five other state‐of‐the‐art multi‐objective algorithms, namely NSGA‐II, SPEA2, IBEA, HYPE, and NNIA, our method achieves comparable results in terms of convergence, diversity metrics, and computational time.     

Full-order observer-based actuator fault detection and reduced-order observer-based fault reconstruction for a class of uncertain nonlinear systems

This paper considers observer-based actuator fault detection and reconstruction problems for uncertain nonlinear systems. Based on a kind of full-order observer which is robust to disturbances but sensitive to actuator faults, a single detection observer is constructed to produce a residual which can be used to alarm the occurrence of the actuator faults when at least one actuator fault occurs indeed. The full-order observer is adaptive one because an adaptation law which can adjust the Lipschitz constant of Lipschitz term is introduced. For this reason, the Lipschitz constant can be unknown in our design. After this, a kind of reduced-order observer is developed by choosing a special observer gain matrix. Based on the reduced-order observer, we provide a kind of unknown information estimating method which can be used to not only reconstruct the actuator faults but also estimate the disturbances of the system. In simulation, a real model of the seventh-order aircraft is used to illustrate the effectiveness of the proposed methods.     

MEMS传感器在汽车性能测试中的应用

针对目前用于检测汽车制动性能与机动车方向盘转向力-转向角的仪器存在体积庞大、安装复杂、连线繁多、操作技术要求高等特点,提出了采用MEMS型加速度传感器和陀螺传感器为核心检测元件制成的汽车制动性能测试仪器。该测试仪具有便携化、智能化等优点,针对性地解决了以上困扰,为MEMS传感器的应用扩展了新领域。     

系统工程与软件工程

系统工程是高科技产业的必备基础,软件行业需要的是系统化软件工程.软件工程包括三个重要的线索:开发过程、管理过程、过程改进.它们组合为一个系统工程,有了系统工程产业才能上规模,系统工程的基础是流程化管理,提高软件业的产业化程度,需要软件工程,软件工程的基础也是流程化管理.软件工程需要经历从磨合、提炼、到标准化的过程.     

AD0809与微机直接互连采样分析

在单片机外围扩展中,模拟至数字转换器（ADC）常用的标准电路在采样芯片和单片机之间需要多个元件对信号进行转换,虽然精度很高,但结构复杂,成本较高。该文对某些特定条件下用单片机进行ADC采样的方法进行了初步的探索,利用单片机直接与ADC0809进行连接,通过单片机l产生各种时钟和控制信号来完成ADC采样,简化了采样的线路。对比了该电路与传统电路的差别,并讨论了该采样方法的使用条件和应用参数。     

无线传感器网络在电能信息采集中的应用

在介绍电力线载波、RS-485、无线传感网络系统特点的基础上,提出了基于无线传感器网络技术的远程无线用电信息集抄的实现方案。详细讨论了硬件设计、软件设计和网络节点的功耗问题。方案具有高可靠、低成本、易维护、覆盖面积大等特点。系统可以实现自动组网、数据传输,达到无需现场干预实现电能信息管理系统跟电能表之间的信息交互。     

地理信息系统在精导武器中的应用研究

首先简述了地理信息系统的概念、特征和组成,结合精确制导武器在信息化战争中的运用,分析了地理信息系统在精确制导武器的直接运用和间接影响,并对地理信息系统在精确制导武器上应用的前景进行了展望。     

公选课《动画设计—Flash》教学的一点经验

高校公选课程的开设是培养大学生综合素质的重要渠道之一,《动画设计—Flash》以其生动鲜活、实用性强、易学易用的特点深受广大同学的欢迎。该文根据教学实践,从教学内容的安排、教学手段与方法、考核方式三个方面进行了阐述。