Compression of the celiac trunk (author's transl)

Besides the vascular changes caused by arteriosclerosis the compression stenosis is the most frequent form of the isolated restriction of the arteria coeliaca. The compression of the arteria coeliaca, caused by the ligamentum arcuatum medianum or a fribromatous ganglion tissue, can cause complaints similar to the symptoms of angina abdominalis: pains in the epigastrium, postprandial pains, loss of weight, nausea/vomiting, diarrhea, 93% of the patients with severe vascular compression have an abdominal vascular murmur. Of 31 patients with angiographically proved compression stenosis, 11 patients suffering from occlusion or intense stenosis had to be operated because of heavy complaints. The angiographic and intraoperative findings allow the conclusion that there is a connection between the extent of the stenosis and the clinical appearance. The decompression of the arteria coeliaca, in other words the detachment of the compressing tissue leads to total complaintlessness in 83% of the patients. If the arteria coeliaca is hypoplastic a vessel widening or a bypass operation is necessary to establish normal blood circulation in the epigastric organs.     

Hebb's claim of irreversibility in environmentally restricted rats.

Presents data from animal studies to refute D. O. Hebb's (1978) claim of irreversibility of learning and problem-solving skill deficits in environmentally restricted rats. When exposure to the enriched environment is extended beyond the amount of time spent in early deprivation, the effects of early restriction appear to be reversible. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Effect of long-term therapies with penicillin and sulfadiazine on Streptococcus mutans and lactobaccilli in dental plaque

Plaque samples were obtained from 13 children receiving long-term therapy with benzathine penicillin for the prevention of rheumatic fever recurrences, 31 children receiving oral sulfadiazine for the same purpose, and 29 untreated siblings. The therapies were found to have no effect upon the proportions of Streptococcus mutans or lactobacilli in dental plaque, upon the percentage of children harboring the organisms, nor upon the susceptibility of the organisms to penicillin and sulfadiazine. Of the S. mutans strains tested, 97% had a minimal inhibitory concentration of penicillin G of less than 48 ng/ml and, of the lactobacillus strains tested, 96.8% had a minimal inhibitory concentration of less than 1,600 ng/ml. All strains of both organisms were profoundly resistant to sulfadiazine.     

Manipulation of avoidance behavior as a function of increased or decreased demand on repeated behavioral tests.

5 groups of 15 female undergraduates reporting fear of snakes participated in 2 behavioral avoidance tests employing a snake as the target object. 4 groups were first tested under low demand for approach and then under the same conditions or under 1 of 3 conditions of demand increase, mediated by instructions, mode of administration, or both. The 5th group was tested under high, then low demand. Ss first tested under low demand showed significantly more fear than those first tested under high demand. In addition, Ss in the demand-increase groups showed significant increases in approach at the 2nd behavior avoidance test, while Ss in the demand-decrease group showed a significant reduction in approach. Ss in the repeated-measure control group showed no significant changes. (16 ref) (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)