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排序方式: 共有1943条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
51.
Rong-Ho Lin Chun-Ling Chuang James J.H. Liou Guo-Dong Wu 《Expert systems with applications》2009,36(3):6461-6465
Association rule is a widely used data mining technique that searches through an entire data set for rules revealing the nature and frequency of relationships or associations between data entities. Supplier selection is a significant work in supply chain management. Often, there will be thousands of potential suppliers and identifying a subset of these suppliers can be a complex process of determining a satisfactory subset based on a number of factors. In this paper, the supplier selection can be viewed as the problem of mining a large database of shipment. The proposed method incorporates the extended association rule algorithm of data mining with that of set theory to find key suppliers. This research has employed a numerical example for the integrated method to develop suitable supplier clusters. The results show that the method is effective and applicable. 相似文献
52.
Assessment of drivers' visual perception of information displayed in LED traffic signs at road construction sites 下载免费PDF全文
This study investigated drivers' visual perception of information displayed in LED traffic signs under different levels of environmental luminance. Concerning the information displayed, the environmental luminance comprised four luminance contrasts, two arrow types, and three environmental luminances, which were used to identify the visibility of traffic signs at the reading distance. Regarding visible distance, visibility involved reading starting and end points, extent of glare, comfortable distance, and glare distance. According to the study results obtained by using a highly reliable glare assessment method and studying the LED traffic signs, the lower the luminance contrast of traffic signs was the higher glare the participants perceived. A luminance contrast of 6200:2066 cd/m2 provided the farthest comfortable and glare distances, enabling drivers to notice the signs comparatively earlier and have sufficient time to react accordingly. Overall, arrow type “<<<” outperformed “←” because the former was easier for drivers to read and created less glare. Regarding environmental luminance, traffic signs displayed in high and medium luminance environments (i.e., extremely sunny and cloudy days, respectively) each featured their own advantage, whereas those displayed in low luminance environments (nights) have to be further improved. 相似文献
53.
Heat transfer in microchannel devices using DSMC 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
The heat transfer characteristics of supersonic flows in microchannels is studied using direct simulation Monte Carlo (DSMC) method. The velocity components and the spatial coordinates of the simulated particles are calculated and recorded by using a variable-hard-sphere (VHS) collision model. The effects of Knudsen number (Kn) on the heat transfer of the microchannel flows are examined. The results show that the magnitude of the temperature jump at the wall increases with increasing Kn. The heat transfer to the isothermal wall is found to increase significantly with Kn. The possible causes for the increase of wall heat transfer are discussed 相似文献
54.
This paper addresses the output regulation of flow systems described by a class of two-time-scale nonlinear PDE systems. Within the framework of singular perturbation, the reduced-order slow model comprised of first-order PDEs coupled with ODEs is obtained. Based on the numerical approximation technique and the solvability of an inertial manifold, the finite-dimensional nonlinear model with nonlinear input is developed in this paper. Extending from the geometric control method, the non-distributed nonlinear controller can be synthesized. A combination of the state-space internal model control scheme, the reduced observer-based controller can asymptotically attenuate the effect of external disturbances. Finally, the developed methodologies are successfully applied to the development of a PFR system asscociated with the cooling coil apparatus. 相似文献
55.
Summary Two integral-equation representations are presented in this paper, based on the exact integrations of the conventional rate-equation model of associativeJ
2 flow elastoplasticity with combined-isotropic-kinematic hardening-softening. Among them the strain-controlled integral-equation representation has two new naturally defined material functionsY(Z) andU(Z) of the normalized active workZ, which plays the role of intrinsic time. One of the immediate benefits derivable from the new representations is, owing to the explicit unfolding of the highly nonlinear path-dependence between stress and strain without a detour to the evolutions of internal state variables, their adaptability for direct calculations without any iteration. Indeed, it is itself a constructive algorithm. It is shown that at a realistic level of precision, the strain-controlled integral-equation representation saves 99% or more of the CPU time compared with the widely used elastic predictor-radial return algorithm of the rate-equation representation.List of symbols
e
ij
,e
ij
e
,e
ij
p
strain deviator, elastic strain deviator, plastic strain deviator
-
effective strain
-
p
effective plastic strain
-
e
1,e
2,e
3
principal strain deviator,e
3=–e
1–e
2
-
e
tan,e
rad
tangential strain increment, radial strain increment
-
E
Young's modulus, assumed to be constant
-
f
yield function in stress space
-
F
yield function in strain space
-
G
shear modulus, assumed to be constant
-
G(Z
1,Z
2)
shear relaxation function of elastoplasticity
-
h(
p
),k(
p
)
material functions of plasticity for the stress-space rate-equation representation
-
material functions of plasticity for the strain-space rate-equation representation
-
I
2
second invariant of the deviatoric strain tensor
-
J
2
second invariant of the deviatoric stress tensor
-
J(z
1,z
2)
shear creep function of elastoplasticity
-
K
bulk modulus, assumed to be constant
-
p
dummy variable of integration in place of the effective plastic strain
-
r
ij
active stress
-
R
ij
active strain
-
effective active-stress, i.e.
times Euclidean length of active stress
-
effective active-strain, i.e.
times Euclidean length of active strain
-
S
ij
,S
ij
e
,S
ij
r
stress deviator, elastic stress deviator, stress relaxation
-
effective stress
-
effective stress relaxation
-
S
1,S
2,S
3
principal stress deviator,S
3=–S
1–S
2
-
t, , ,
time
-
t
0
zero-value time
-
t
u
latest unloading time
-
y(z), u(z)
material functions of plasticity for the stress-controlled integral-equation representation
-
Y(Z), U(Z)
material functions of plasticity for the strain-controlled integral-equation representation
-
z
normalized active complementary-work
-
material functions defined for use in convertingh(
p
) andk(
p
) toy(z) andu(z)
-
Z
normalized active work
-
material functions defined for use in convertingh(
p
) andk(
p
) toY(Z) andU(Z)
-
ij
back stress
-
A
ij
back strain
-
ij
,
ij
e
,
ij
p
strain, elastic strain, plastic strain
-
y
(initial) yield strain,
y
=h(0)/2G
-
Poisson's ratio assumed to be constant
-
ij
,
ij
e
,
ij
r
stress, elastic stress, stress relaxation
-
y
(initial) yield stress, yield strength,
y
=h(0) 相似文献
56.
57.
Forty-four patients suffering from acute and chronic schizophrenic psychoses were used to obtain, by using Lorr's scale (IMPS) and taking the changes in disease state observed within three months as a base, suggestions or pointers as to the proper treatment of disease with fluphenazine (lyorodin) which is a neuroleptically highly potent phenothiazine derivative. Megalomania, grandiose delusions apathetic and depressive syndromes showed marked tendencies toward major improvement. An "antiautistic" effect was observed in chronic patients. The effective dose was between 6 and 12 mg a day. The drug was well tolerated. In the majority of cases it was also necessary for antiparkinsonian drugs to be administered to patients. After twelve months of treatment, slight to major improvements or even freedom from symptoms could be observed in 28 cases (or 64%). 相似文献
58.
Light scattering by randomly oriented cubes and parallelepipeds 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
59.
60.
C. Ji N. Chubun R.G. Broeke J. Cao Y. Du S.J.B. Yoo K.Y. Liou J.R. Lothian S. Vatanapradit S.N.G. Chu B. Patel W.S. Hobson W.T. Tsang 《Photonics Technology Letters, IEEE》2006,18(4):625-627
We report a 10-GHz colliding pulse mode-locked laser fabricated with integrated active-passive waveguides. The laser fabrication adopted a deep reactive ion etching and single-step metal-organic vapor phase epitaxy regrowth process for forming the buried heterostructure waveguide. Clean output pulses resulted from laterally tilting the active-passive interface and effectively suppressing residual back-reflections at the interface. Hybrid mode-locking resulted in a synchronized transform-limited sech/sup 2/optical waveform. Pulsewidth, chirp, timing jitter, and frequency-locking range were investigated through systematic device biasing condition optimization. 相似文献