The surgical management of multiple lung metastases

From 1970 to June, 1976, 56 patients who had multiple metastatic tumors of the lung were treated by lung resection. Most of the bilateral lung lesions were removed through a median sternotomy so as to avoid staged bilateral thoracotomy. The surgical mortality was 1.8%. A total of 26 patients are alive at 7 to 69 months (estimated median survival, 20.7 months). Patients with tumor doubling time of less than 40 days had lower survival results (median, 9.5 months), compared to patients with tumor doubling time of more than 40 days (median not yet reached). The type of primary tumor, tumor-free interval, number of lesions removed, and presence of unilateral as opposed to bilateral lung metastases did not seem to affect the therapeutic results.     

Binding of murine myeloma proteins of different Ig classes and subclasses to Fc-reactive surface structures in gram-positive cocci

The paper presents the results of a behavioural programme designed to increase social interaction and activity in the locked ward of a psychiatric hospital. The intervention used a method of information feedback to staff to encourage them to make informed choices of targets and methods of change. The rationale was that this would enhance generalization and programme maintenance. Evidence is presented to show the extent of change obtained after 6 months.     

Dynamics and administrative behavior of a multi-disciplinary medical center

Fifteen-second exposure of rabbit kidneys to 2 MHz focused ultrasound with approximately 900 w/sq cm acoustic power consistently produced localized parenchymal destruction. Evolution of the lesions was followed histologically over a one-year period. The lesions were sharply delineated from outlying renal tissue and had a concentric multizonal structure. Resorption of the damaged tissue with scarring was completed in 6 to 12 months following intermediate phases characterized by cellular infiltration. The lesions are compared to other models of renal injury, particularly with respect to cellular infiltration. A combination of mechanical, thermal, and ischemic factors seem to be responsible for development of ultrasonic lesions. The sharply circumscribed nature and ultimate complete scarring of the lesions suggest the feasibility of ultrasound in achieving selective complete destruction of renal parenchyma.     

A short episode of seizure activity protects from status epilepticus-induced neuronal damage in rat brain

Kainic acid (KA)-induced status epilepticus (SE) in adult rats results in extensive neuronal damage throughout the limbic system and the loss of selectively vulnerable neuronal populations, particularly CA3 neurons. We investigated the effects of a short episode of seizure activity on neuronal death elicited by a subsequent prolonged SE episode. A short episode of seizure activity was produced by sub-cutaneous (s.c.) injection of KA followed after 1 h by pentobarbital administration. Twenty-four hours later, KA was administered again, and animals were sacrificed 3 days later. Neuronal damage was estimated by visual analysis of neuronal density. Our results show that a short episode of seizure activity did not produce neuronal damage but almost completely protected vulnerable neurons from KA-induced neuronal damage. These results extend to epileptic tolerance the notion of tolerance previously described in the case of ischemia.     

THOUGHTS ON DESIGN EDUCATION IN CHINA: FROM CLASSROOM TO WORKSHOP

Li Dihua from Peking University, Jason Ho, Founder of the Mapping Workshop, Liu Yulai from Tongji University, and Wang Yuan from Huazhong University of Science and Technology were guest instructors at the 2018 Mapping & Making Summer Workshop of National College Student Campus Building Alliance. They each work on bringing new ideas to traditional design education. In this interview they shared their opinions on current design education and teaching in China. They believe that design education in China is currently at a point of crisis where both instructors and students need to be aware of the urgency to change. However, little attention has been given to the improvement of design education, nor has a discourse to explore a future direction been built. The interviewees approached the workshop as an opportunity for students and educators to see new possibilities in design education. Meanwhile, they hope to develop students’ curiosity and confidence in observation, exploration, independent thinking, and evidential design.     

VOLATILE NITROSAMINES IN SOME TRADITIONAL SOUTHERN CHINESE FOOD PRODUCTS

Previous epidemiological studies of nasopharyngeal carcinoma suggest that traditional food items, particularly salted fish, consumed by southern Chinese may play a role in the cause of the high frequency of the disease among them. We report here the results of an analysis by combined gas chromatography and high resolution mass spectrometry of six types of salted fish and ten other items of traditional southern Chinese salted food products for the presence of volatile nitrosamines. Only N-nitroso-dimethylamine (NDMA) was detected in some of the samples of salted fish examined. No volatile nitrosamine other than those added as internal standards was detected in any of the others.     

Identification of 3,5-Diisobutyl-1,2,4-trithiolane and 2-lsobutyl-3,5-diisopropylpyridine in Fried Chicken Flavor

3,5-Diisobutyl-1,2,4-trithiolane and 2-isobutyl-3,5 -diisopropylpyridine were identified in the volatiles isolated from fried chicken. The identifications were confirmed by organic synthesis. Mechanisms for the formation of these two compounds in fried chicken flavor are discussed.     

PHYSIOLOGICAL ACTIVITIES OF CHUNGKOOKJANG (KOREAN TRADITIONAL SOYBEAN PASTE) PILL AS A FUNCTIONAL FOOD

Chungkookjang, Chungkookjang pill and mushroom (Lentinus edodes) had fibrinolytic activities. The mushroom had a higher level of fibrinolytic activity (15.1 unit/mg) than Chungkookjang pill (10.0 unit/mg) and Chungkookjang (0.6 unit/mg) in spite of heat treatment. Hot‐water extracts of Chungkookjang and Chungkookjang pill showed slightly higher macrophage‐stimulating activities than the positive control, lipopolysaccharide. Also, Chungkookjang pill (3.58 µg/g) had lower cyclo‐His‐Pro content than Chungkookjang (26.5 µg/g). In addition, Chungkookjang pill had less content of flavor components than Chungkookjang and, especially, the 2,5‐dimethylpyrazine content of Chungkookjang pill was less than that of Chungkookjang. When comparing with Chungkookjang, Chungkookjang pill had similar physiological activities and more palatable flavor.     

我国矿产资源产权制度的功能分析

本文从我国矿产资源产权制度的安排形式入手,分析了谁是矿产资源的实际所有者和矿产资源产权制度运行的矛盾。分析结果表明,矿产资源实际是由地方政府所掌控。此外,采矿权人和土地所有者之间的冲突、各管理部门之间没有统一的规划协调是采矿权主体行使其采矿权的主要阻碍。进而得出在当前的矿产资源产权制度安排下,决定矿业开发主体以及开发过程中的利益分配是其主要的制度功能。最后,本文针对当前产权制度运行所产生的问题提出了相应的解决措施。