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41.
42.
Integrins exhibit reversible changes in their ability to bind ligands and these changes enable transient cell adhesion. We recently showed that leukocyte integrin CR3 (complement receptor type three, CD11b/CD18, alpha m beta 2) may be purified in a form that is either capable or incapable of binding soluble, monomeric ligand and that "inactive" CR3 may be rendered capable of binding ligand by addition of an anti-CR3 mAb known as KIM-127 (Cai and Wright, JBC. 270: 14358, 1995). Here, we demonstrate that active CR3 may be rendered inactive by treatment of immobilized receptor with EDTA. EDTA-treated CR3 failed to bind ligand even in the presence of mM Ca2+ and Mg2+, suggesting that EDTA-treatment caused a change in the receptor that is not readily reversed. EDTA-treated receptor did, however, bind ligand upon addition of KIM-127 plus Mg2+ with an affinity (17.8 +/- 4.5 nM) similar to untreated, active receptor (12.5 +/- 4.7 nM). EDTA-treated CR3 thus exhibits the properties of inactive CR3, in which the ligand binding site is cryptic but subject to exposure by KIM-127. A candidate for the cryptic ligand binding site is the I-domain, a Mg2+-binding region in the alpha chain of CR3. We found that monomeric C3bi binds directly to recombinant I-domain in a Mg(2+)-dependent fashion with an affinity of 300 +/- 113 nM. These results thus suggest that CR3 may be inactivated by removing tightly bound divalent cation from a cryptic site in CR3. 相似文献
43.
KK M?kinen CY Chen PL M?kinen CA Bennett PJ Isokangas KP Isotupa HR Pape 《Canadian Metallurgical Quarterly》1996,30(3):180-188
The concern with nursing research in the future work of nurse graduates. Expectations from the viewpoint of the nurse researcher. Keeping in mind the concerns which occupy nurse researchers now and in the future, expectations are raised of the graduates of degree programmes in nursing science which are now also being established in the Federal Republic of Germany. This takes into account the structurally determined areas of self determined action in new fields of professional practice. Nurse graduates will be seen as "change agents" in their future areas of work and will have three essential aspects of involvement with nursing research: 1. they themselves will conduct research 2. they will receive, put into practice and transmit results of nursing research 3. they will initiate and commission nursing research projects. According to the broad topics of nursing research, requirements for nurses to act as professionals in their new working fields are formulated referring to the given structural conditions in Germany. 相似文献
44.
Synthetic biology depends on the ability to rapidly produce strains with improved phenotypes but is limited by the ability to rapidly produce strain collections with directed mutations. Here, we present a system capable of overcoming this limitation through automated P1-phage transductions of Escherichia coli. By combining the Keio collection of single-gene deletion E. coli mutants with P1-phage, it is possible to generate an engineered host-strain collection consisting of every possible gene deletion mutant. This strategy was tested by transducing 355 genetic markers from the Keio collection into five different host strains, and it achieved a 98% success rate. This method offers an improved mechanism for rapidly engineering collections of microbes and provides one method for rapidly deploying a broader synthetic biology effort. 相似文献
45.
46.
A three-dimensional finite element model of a compact tension specimen consisting of a Ti-6Al-4V matrix reinforced with unidirectional, continuous SiC fibres under monotonic and cyclic loading has been developed. This has enabled true Coulomb frictional interface sliding resulting from thermal residual stresses to be modelled. The results, which include the action of individual bridging fibres close to the crack-tip, are compared to results from a two-dimensional weight function method which uses fibre-induced bridging tractions on the crack face based on a constant interface strength. Reasonable agreement was found between the two methods used. An investigation of the fibre stresses showed that together with normal crack bridging tractions a strong bending component is present in the fibres which also affects crack opening and could affect the mode of fibre failure. The influence of processing induced thermal residual stresses and friction at the fibre-matrix interface on the crack growth behaviour during monotonic and cyclic loading has been assessed. It was found that the bridging fibres strongly reduce the crack-tip stress intensity factor. The thermal residual stresses produce a crack-tip opening load in the absence of an external load and have an influence on the crack-tip load ratio. The effect of the crack-tip load ratio on the fatigue threshold has a significant impact on the likelihood of crack arrest. 相似文献
47.
Loop gain is an important variable in communications theory. Here, we derive its exact distribution. 相似文献
48.
Integrating legacy soil phosphorus into sustainable nutrient management strategies for future food,bioenergy and water security 总被引:11,自引:0,他引:11
49.
Univ.-Prof. DI Dr. Helmut Habersack DI Marlene Haimann Ass. Prof. Dr. Sándor Baranya Prof. Dr. János Józsa Mag. Angelika Riegler Dr Christine Sindelar DI Marcel Liedermann Johanna Ficsor Gabriella Mohácsiné Simon HR DI Dr. Michael Hengl 《?sterreichische Wasser- und Abfallwirtschaft》2014,66(9-10):340-347
The multiple uses of the Danube River for navigation, hydropower production and as a drinking water supply influence its ecological quality. Flow restrictions due to regulation as well as impacts on the sediment regime such as retention in the catchment area and interruption of the sediment continuum result in changes of the hydromorphological structures and can produce major problems in the context of sediment management. In light of these facts, cross-border investigations of sediment transport at the Danube River are called for. As there are no uniform research approaches shared by Austria and Hungary, the EU-funded project SEDDON (Sediment Research and Management at the Danube River) aims to compare different monitoring and modeling techniques used to determine sediment transport, and to develop mutual solutions. Further, the laboratory equipment currently used for hydraulic model experiments is evaluated and a research channel with a free flowing discharge of up to 10 m3/s without pumping will be constructed, allowing large-scale joint laboratory tests concerning sediment to be performed. 相似文献
50.
Georg Schitter Andreas J. Steiner Gerit Pototschnig Elisabeth Scheucher Martin Thonhofer Chris A. Tarling Prof. Stephen G. Withers Katrin Fantur Prof. Eduard Paschke Prof. Don J. Mahuran Brigitte A. Rigat Prof. Michael B. Tropak Carina Illaszewicz Prof. Robert Saf Prof. Arnold E. Stütz Prof. Tanja M. Wrodnigg 《Chembiochem : a European journal of chemical biology》2010,11(14):2026-2033
A collection of new reversible glycosidase inhibitors of the iminoalditol type featuring N‐substituents containing perfluorinated regions has been prepared for evaluation of physicochemical, biochemical and diagnostic properties. The vast variety of feasible oligofluoro moieties allows for modular approaches to customised structures according to the intended applications, which are influenced by the fluorine content as well as the distance of the fluorous moiety from the ring nitrogen. The first examples, in particular in the D ‐galacto series, exhibited excellent inhibitory activities. A preliminary screen with two human cell lines showed that, at subinhibitory concentrations, they are powerful pharmacological chaperones enhancing the activities of the catalytically handicapped lysosomal D ‐galactosidase mutants associated with GM1 gangliosidosis and Morquio B disease. 相似文献