化学衍生化技术在毒品分析中的应用研究进展

衍生化是一种利用化学变换把化合物转化成类似化学结构物质的技术.样品进行衍生化的作用主要是把难于分析的物质转化为与其化学结构相似但易于分析的物质,便于量化和分离.本文简要介绍了化学衍生化技术,并对该技术在毒品检验中的应用进行综述,以期为法庭科学相关领域研究提供理论依据,为公安实践业务开展提供参考.     

与静力子结构结合的 Ritz 向量直接迭加法

本文把Ritz 向量直接迭加法同静力子结构相结合,不形成也不存贮总体刚度、质量矩阵,使动力分析在子结构的层次上进行,降低了对计算机内存容量的要求。本方法在有限元和Ritz向量直接迭加法的基础上,没有引入新的假设,因此,比起传统的求解大型结构固有振动的模态综合法来精度是有保证的。     

激光剥离技术制备GaN/metal/Si的结构和光学特性研究

采用激光剥离技术结合金属熔融键合技术将生长在蓝宝石衬底上的GaN外延层转移到Si衬底上.GaN和Si表面分别用电子束蒸发Al/Ti/Au和Ti/Au/In后,在氮气环境下200℃加压实现GaN和Si的键合.采用脉冲宽度30 ns、波长248 nm的准分子脉冲激光透过蓝宝石衬底辐照GaN薄膜,在脉冲激光能量密度为380 mJ/cm2的条件下将蓝宝石衬底剥离下来,实现GaN薄膜向Si衬底的转移.样品截面显微镜和扫描电镜(SEM)照片说明经过键合工艺形成了致密的GaN/Al/Ti/Au/In/Au/Ti/Si结构.对转移衬底后的GaN薄膜进行原子力显微镜(AFM)和光致发光谱(PL)测试,结果表明金属熔融键合和激光剥离工艺没有对GaN薄膜的结构和光学特性带来明显的不利影响.     

膨胀石墨对纯油的吸附性能

以硫酸为插层剂、过氧化氢为氧化荆,用化学法制备了膨胀石墨。用扫描电子显微镜（SEM）分析了膨胀石墨的孔状结构,测试了膨胀石墨对纯油的吸附量。结果表明：膨胀石墨具有明显的三级孔状结构,膨胀石墨对原油、齿轮油、液压油和汽油的最大吸附量分别为80、85、60和50g／g,这种结果与油品的粘度有关。     

Statistical monitoring of fed-batch process using dynamic multiway neighborhood preserving embedding

A multivariate statistical process control (MSPC) method using dynamic multiway neighborhood preserving embedding (DMNPE) is proposed for fed-batch process monitoring. Different from principal component analysis (PCA) which aims at preserving the global Euclidean structure of the data set, neighborhood preserving embedding aims to preserve the local neighborhood structure of the data set. The neighborhood preserving property enables NPE to find more meaningful intrinsic information hidden in the high-dimensional observations compared with PCA. Moreover, the robustness of NPE is better than that of PCA. On the other hand, a dynamic monitoring approach based on moving window technique is employed to deal with the time-variant property of the dynamic processes. An industrial cephalosporin fed-batch fermentation process is used to demonstrate the performance of the DMNPE. The results show the advantages of DMNPE over those methods such as dynamic multiway PCA (DMPCA), static multiway NPE (SMNPE) and static multiway PCA (SMPCA) in fed-batch process monitoring. Finally, the robustness of the DMNPE monitoring is tested by adding noises to the original data sets.     

Effect of particle size distribution on green properties during high velocity compaction

Iron powders with two different particle size distributions were compacted by high velocity compaction. The influences of particle size distribution and impact velocity on green properties, including green density, springback, tensile strength and bending strength etc., were studied with scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and a computer controlled universal testing machine. The results show that the particle size distribution and the impact velocity strongly affect its properties. Wider size distribution results in green compact with higher density and better strength. Furthermore, springback of compacts is lower produced by the powder with wider size distribution, especially for radial springback. As impact velocity increases, its green density and green strength gradually increases, but the increasing rate of density decreases gradually. No special relation is found between springback and impact velocity. In addition, the axial springback and the bending strength are higher than the radial springback and the tensile strength, respectively.     

Direct identification of monolayer rhenium diselenide by an individual diffraction pattern

In the current extensive studies of layered two-dimensional (2D) materials,compared to hexagonal structures such as graphene,hBN,and MoS2,lowsymmetry 2D materials have shown great potential for applications in anisotropic devices.Rhenium diselenide (ReSe2) possesses the bulk space group P(1) and belongs to the triclinic crystal system with a deformed cadmium-iodide-type structure.Here,we propose an electron diffraction-based method to distinguish the monolayer ReSe2 membrane from multilayer ReSe2 and its two different vertical orientations.Our method is also applicable to other low-symmetry crystal systems,including both triclinic and monoclinic lattices,as long as their third unit-cell basis vectors are not perpendicular to the basal plane.Our experimental results are well explained by kinematical electron diffraction theory and the corresponding simulations.Generalization of our method to other 2D materials,such as graphene,is also discussed.