对"并置"范式的怀疑

本文的写作基于以下的职业态度专业内任何看似天经地义的"并置"范式都值得怀疑.通过引证几个典型的设计案例,分析其中某类具体的怀疑及其结果,作者试图揭示在设计中寻求新的"并置"的可能性,这一怀疑→探寻→建立→再怀疑的过程实质上正是学科得以发展的根本途径.     

Moisture-preventing MAPbI3 solar cells with high photovoltaic performance via multiple ligand engineering

Perovskite solar cells present one of the most prominent photovoltaic technologies,yet their stability,and engineering at the molecular level remain challenging.We have demonstrated multifunctional molecules to improve the operating stability of perovskite solar cells while depicting a high-power conversion efficiency.The multifunctional molecule 4-[(trifluoromethyl)sulphanyl]-aniline(4TA)with trifluoromethyl(-CF₃)and aniline(-NH₂)moieties is meticulously designed to modulate the perovskite.The-CF₃ and-NH₂ functional groups have strong interaction with perovskite to suppress surface defects to improve device stability,as well as obtain large crystal grains through delaying crystallization.Moreover,this-CF₃ forms a hydrophobic barrier on the surface of the perovskite to prevent cell decomposition.Consequently,the performance of the perovskite solar cells is remarkably improved with the efficiency increased from 18.00% to 20.24%.The perovskite solar cells with multifunctional molecular maintaining 93% of their original efficiency for over 30 days(-55%humidity)in air without device encapsulation,exhibiting a high long-term stability.Moreover,the lead leakage issue of perovskite solar cells has also been suppressed by the built-in 4TA molecule,which is beneficial to environment-friendly application.Ultimately,we believe this multifunctional small molecule provides an available way to achieve high performance perovskite solar cells and the related design strategy is helpful to further develop more versatile materials for perovskite-based optoelectronic devices.     

Enhanced biological nutrient removal in modified carbon source division anaerobic anoxic oxic process with return activated sludge pre-concentration☆

A pilot-scale modified carbon source division anaerobic anoxic oxic (AAO) process with pre-concentration of returned activated sludge (RAS) was proposed in this study for the enhanced biological nutrient removal (BNR) of municipal wastewater with limited carbon source. The influent carbon source was fed in step while a novel RAS pre-concentration tank was adopted to improve BNR efficiency, and the effects of an influent carbon source distribution ratio and a RAS pre-concentration ratio were investigated. The results show that the removal efficiency of TN is mainly influenced by the carbon source distribution ratio while the TP removal relies on the RAS pre-concentration ratio. The optimum carbon source distribution ratio and RAS pre-concentration ratio are 60%and 50%, respectively, with an inner recycling ratio of 100%under the optimum steady operation of pilot test, reaching an average effluent TN concentration of 9.8 mg·L?1 with a removal efficiency of 63%and an average TP removal efficiency of 94%. The mechanism of nutrient removal is discussed and the kinetics is analyzed. The results reveal that the optimal carbon source distribution ratio provides sufficient denitrifying carbon source to each anoxic phase, reducing nitrate accumulation while the RAS pre-concentration ratio improves the condition of anaerobic zone to ensure the phosphorus release due to less nitrate in the returned sludge. Therefore, nitrifying bacteria, denitrifying bacteria and phosphorus accumulation organisms play an important role under the optimum condition, enhancing the performance of nutrient removal in this test.     

海底管线钢X65生产工艺开发

对鞍钢鲅鱼圈5500 mm厚板生产线海底管线钢X65在不同季节的生产工艺进行了研究。不同季节条件下,精轧终轧温度和冷却后的返红温度对产品的屈强比及DWTT值影响明显。夏季采用较低的终轧温度及返红温度,抗拉强度提高;冬季提高终轧温度和返红温度,使DWTT值提高,韧性提升。采取相应的措施后,产品性能得到大幅提高。     

当代重庆“一字诀”

本文以“一字诀”的组织形式例举近年来重庆的发展特征,希望能够大致勾勒出一个不只具有面孔还有性情的重庆轮廓.     

解放碑商业步行街与城市活力关 系研究 ——基于角色分析

本文基于实地调研重庆市解放碑步行街的空间形制,对其空间生产进行角色分析,探索城市商业步行街在全球化时代资本一消费大爆炸中所对应的城市生活与城市活力的关系,并指出在资本将长期起强势作用的情况下,多样性的话语权如果要更大地融入到商业步行街的空间生产动力机制中,使其对应的城市生活与各角色诉求高度吻合,将是漫长艰辛的历程。     

“原型”概念溯源

原型作为探索事物本质的理论之一早已有之,但到目前为止,建筑领域内一直没有出现较为成熟的原型理论。因此,本文以时间为轴,对原型理论在各学科的发展情况进行了梳理,希望以此为基础来探索建筑领域自身的原型理论。     

空间系统、产业系统和景观系统复合视角下的都市农业基地设计——以眉山市“中国·泡菜城”为例

都市农业基地发展模式是一种高度复合的农业产业化模式,其发展的核心目标是促进城乡经济效益、社会效益和生态效益的最大化。眉山市"中国.泡菜城"都市农业基地设计在空间系统、产业系统和景观系统复合视角下,提出维护生态格局、促进产业一体化、延续乡村风貌特质的设计思路,通过强化都市农业基地的生态功能、生产功能和生活功能,构建合理的空间布局、完善的产业结构和独特的景观体系,对类似的都市农业基地设计提供了一定的借鉴。     

基于健康城市理念的高新技术产业园区城市设计初探——以宣化太阳能产业新城城市设计为例

伴随着我国高新技术产业的迅速发展,高新技术产业园区诸多空间的不健康问题逐渐暴露出来,这一方面限制了高新技术产业经济的发展,另一方面也不断地影响着园区内部居民、职工的身心健康。本文引入健康城市理念,通过对健康城市的内涵及其对城市空间设计引导方法的引述,以宣化太阳能产业新城城市设计的实例引介,从城市空间秩序、城市慢行交通网络和城市公共交通系统三个方面,初步探寻健康城市理念下的高新技术产业园区城市设计的新方法。     

牙科用Ti—Zr二元合金的磨削性

钛具有很好的生物相容性及耐蚀性,作为牙科植入材料等生物材料已有定论。但是钛的切削性及磨削性等机械加工性能差,因此机加工时间长,加工刀具寿命也短。近年来,牙科修补越来越多地采用牙科CAD／CAM技术。由于上述原因,钛几乎不能应用于牙科CAD／CAM。因此必须改善钛的机械加工性能,以扩大钛的牙科应用范围。