Existing antilisterial immunity does not inhibit the development of a Listeria monocytogenes-specific primary cytotoxic T-lymphocyte response

Chloroplast and cytoplasmic signal recognition particles (cpSRP and cySRP) each contain a similar subunit, SRP54. The chloroplast homologue binds to cpSRP43, which is absent from cytosolic SRP, and cySRP54 binds to SRP-RNA, which appears to be absent from cpSRP. In the presence of cpSRP43, cpSRP54 posttranslationally forms a soluble targeting intermediate, transit complex, with the major light harvesting protein of the thylakoid membrane. In contrast, cySRP54 functions cotranslationally. In this study we investigated whether cytosolic and chloroplast forms of SRP54 were interchangeable in three types of functional assays: complementation of an Escherichia coli SRP54 mutant, formation of the transit complex, and heterologous binding between the SRP54 subunits, cpSRP43, and SRP-RNA. In no cases were the 54-kDa subunits able to substitute for each other suggesting that the two proteins are fundamentally different.     

The effect of adding whey protein particles as inert filler on thermophysical properties of fat‐reduced semihard cheese type Gouda

The effect of added microparticulated whey protein (Simplesse^®) on textural and thermophysical properties of fat‐reduced semihard cheese type Gouda was investigated. Full‐fat, reduced‐fat and low‐fat cheeses were manufactured of comparable moisture content, each made of control milk and milk systems containing 1% Simplesse^®, respectively. Whey protein particles improved textural properties of reduced‐fat and low‐fat cheese. Meltability and flowability were significantly enhanced by an increased fat level, Simplesse^® addition and ripening time. The results emphasise the role of microparticulated whey proteins acting as an inert filler within the composite cheese matrix and allow textural and thermophysical properties of fat‐reduced cheeses to be adjusted towards cheese with higher fat content.     

Modeling the extended Schottky cathode by a boundary element method

A boundary element method has been used to analyze electron emission from an extended Schottky cathode, consisting of an infinitely long array of parallel heated wires. Space charge was ignored. It was found that the current density may be expressed by a Richardson-Duschman equation in which the argument of the exponential term is corrected by an additive factor, Q, which is a function of temperature, wire radius, wire separation, and voltage. Over the range of temperatures, wire radii, and voltages examined, Q is a nearly linear function of the square root of the applied voltage. Tentative agreement with experiment was found     

A nonamer peptide derived from Listeria monocytogenes metalloprotease is presented to cytolytic T lymphocytes

Listeria monocytogenes is an intracellular bacterium that secretes proteins into the cytosol of infected macrophages. Major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class I molecules bind peptides that are generated by the degradation of bacterial proteins and present them to cytolytic T lymphocytes (CTL). In this study we have investigated CTL responses in L. monocytogenes-immunized mice to peptides that (i) derive from the L. monocytogenes proteins phosphatidylinositol-specific phospholipase C, lecithinase (most active on phosphatidylcholine), metalloprotease (Mpl), PrfA, and the ORF-A product and (ii) conform to the binding motif of the H2-Kd MHC class I molecule. We identified a nonamer peptide, Mpl 84-92, that is presented to L. monocytogenes-specific CTL by H2-Kd MHC class I molecules. Unlike other motif-conforming peptides derived from the secreted Mpl of L. monocytogenes, Mpl 84-92 is bound with high affinity by H2-Kd. Mpl 84-92 is the fourth L. monocytogenes-derived peptide found to be presented to CTL by the H2-Kd molecule during infection and demonstrates the importance of high-affinity interactions between antigenic peptides and MHC class I molecules for CTL priming.     

Correlates of employee evaluations of pay increases.

In a sample of 1500 white-collar, industrial employees, average perceptions of small, average, or large increases in salary formed a relatively constant function of level of current salary. The analogy to the psychophysical Weber/Fechner model, while explaining much of the variance in perceptions of salary increases was not complete. Additional variability was related to a series of demographic variables, with higher dollar expectations registered by college-educated vs. noncollege, younger vs. older, exempt vs. nonexempt, and among nonexempt, male vs. female employees. Results suggest that probable earnings potential, in addition to current earnings level, contributes variance to differences in perceptions of equitable salary increases. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Using part–whole relations for automatic deduction of compound-internal relations in GermaNet

This paper provides a deduction-based approach for automatically classifying compound-internal relations in GermaNet, the German version of the Princeton WordNet for English. More specifically, meronymic relations between simplex and compound nouns provide the necessary input to the deduction patterns that involve different types of compound-internal relations. The scope of these deductions extends to all four meronymic relations modeled in version 6.0 of GermaNet: component, member, substance, and portion. This deduction-based approach provides an effective method for automatically enriching the set of semantic relations included in GermaNet.     

The Structures of Three [2.2]Paracyclophane Derivatives with Anellated Four-Membered Rings

The structures of the three benzocyclobutenophanes 1 a , 1 b (2 stereoisomers), and 11 have been determined by NMR spectroscopy and X-ray structural analysis. The preparation of 11 from 4,5-diethynyl[2.2]paracyclophane ( 9 ) is described.