Effect of capillary condensation on water sorption by composite calcium chloride in a porous matrix sorbents

To develop a model of water sorption from air by composite salt in a porous matrix sorbents, the effect of capillary condensation was studied [1]. It was shown that, at high humidity of incoming air, it is necessary to take into account the capillary condensation of water in small pores of the matrix because the capillary condensation significantly affects the concentration and temperature profiles in the sorbent bed and leads to intense moisture accumulation at the bed inlet. The model was used to study the kinetics of water vapor sorption in a flow adsorber with a fixed bed of calcium chloride in porous aluminum oxide and calcium chloride in a porous carbon-carbon composite Sibunit sorbents.     

Mass spectrometric investigation of the thermodynamic properties of glass melts in the Cs2O-B2O3-SiO2 system at high temperatures

The composition of the vapor and the activities of cesium metaborate CsBO₂ in glass melts of the Cs₂O-B₂O₃-SiO₂ system at a temperature of 1020 K are determined using high-temperature mass spectrometry. The activities of the individual oxides Cs₂O, B₂O₃, and SiO₂ in glass melts of the Cs₂O-B₂O₃-SiO₂ system at a temperature of 1020 K are calculated by the Wagner method from the obtained values of the activities of CsBO₂. The integral and excess Gibbs energies are determined.     

Refractories for lining mobile mixers

Conclusions New and effective refractories have been developed whose physicotechnical and working parameters are better than those of existing Soviet and foreign materials. Commercial production of them has been organized.MKFU-83 and KKFU-76 refractories increase mixer lining resistance by substantial factors and reduce the number of repair cycles and the material and labor costs, while increasing the metal output. The refractories are recommended for use in steel-melting processes (electric furnaces and buckets).Translated from Ogneupory, No. 2, pp. 24–26, February, 1991.     

Volatilization of components from zirconia ceramics

Conclusions We investigated volatilization in isothermal conditions of solid solutions of oxides of calcium and yttrium in ZrO₂.The calcium oxide is intensely sublimited from the solid solution of zirconium dioxide, stabilized with CaO at 2000–2100°C. However, during soaking and rapid cooling, destabilization does not occur, even during sublimation of 70–75% CaO. With rise in temperature to 2400–2500°C and a 4 h soak, only 0.5% CaO is preserved in the solid solution, which leads to destabilization and conversion of a large part of the cubic form of ZrO₂ with calcium oxide by fusion, we note sublimation of part of the CaO, and the remaining quantity (3%) is adequate for complete conversion of the zirconia into the stable cubic form.Volatilization of the stabilizing additive occurs in the form of YO at substantially higher temperatures than volatilization of the calcium oxide from the solid solution of zirconium dioxide, stabilized with yttrium oxide. Simultaneously with this we note volatilization of zirconium dioxide in the form of ZrO and ZrO₂.For the use of zirconium dioxide at elevated service temperatures, we would recommend yttrium oxide as a stabilizing additive.Translated from Ogneupory, No. 1, pp. 49–52, January, 1968.     

Periclase —spinel products from magnesite powder with high alumina content

Conclusions Periclase-spinel articles with low contents of chromite made from magnesite powder containing magnesia-alumina spinel have a high range of physicochemical properties (except spalling resistance) and completely satisfy the requirements in service for the roofs of open-hearth and walls of electric steel-melting furnaces.With an increase in the content of magnesite in the fine constituent, it is possible to obtain products of the same quality from magnesite powder with a high porosity (up to 20–23%).The change in ratio of chrome spinel and magnesia-aluminous spinel in the periclase-spinel articles toward a certain increase in the latter is worthy of attention and requires further investigation.Translated from Ogneupory, No. 2, pp. 11–15, February, 1966.     

Study of mass transfer in a sheet glass furnace with boiling in the melting zone

The results of a luminescent indicator study of the conditions of neutralization of a glass melt in sheet glass furnaces equipped with boiling systems are reported. It was shown that the process of dilution of the indicator improved significantly in the furnace with boiling, and this began immediately after the indicator entered the furnace. After the boiling system was mastered, the mass transfer parameters of the furnace in production of sheet glass increased by 15–20%.Translated from Steklo i Keramika, Nos. 5–6, pp. 11–13, May–June, 1994.