Effect of processing on sphingolipid content in soybean products

Soybeans are believed to be a rich source of sphingolipids, a class of polar lipids that has received attention for their possible cancer-inhibiting activities. The effect of processing on the sphingolipid content of various soybean products has not been determined. Glucosylceramide (GlcCer), the major sphingolipid type in soybeans, was measured in several processed soybean products to illustrate which product(s) GlcCer is partitioned into during processing and where it is lost. Whole soybeans were processed into full-fat flakes, from which crude oil was extracted. Crude oil was refined by conventional methods, and defatted soy flakes were further processed into alcohol-washed and acid-washed soy protein concentrates (SPC) and soy protein isolates (SPI) by laboratory-scale methods that simulated industrial practices. GlcCer was isolated from the samples by solvent extraction, solvent partition, and TLC and was quantified by HPLC. GlcCer remained mostly within the defatted soy flakes (91%) rather than in the oil (9%) after oil extraction. Only 52, 42, and 26% of GlcCer from defatted soy flakes was recovered in the acid-washed SPC, alcohol-washed SPC, and SPI products, respectively. All protein products had a similar GlcCer concentration of about 281 nmol/g (dry wt basis). The minor quantity of GlcCer in the crude oil was almost completely removed by water degumming.     

Study on Tribological Properties of Polytetrafluoroethylene Drawn Uniaxially at Different Temperature

Summary: Wear behavior correlations with morphology have been established from polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) drawn at 200, 327, and 375 °C with draw ratio about 4. The friction coefficient and wear rate for PTFE drawn at 327 °C are lower and the wear rate is lower than that of undrawn PTFE by about 30%. The structures of samples were characterized by scanning electron microscope (SEM), DSC, and wide angle X‐ray diffraction (WAXD). Results indicate that the debris morphologies of samples are different. The differences in the tribological behavior of undrawn and drawn samples were attributed to the improvement of the degree of the crystalline, fibrillation, and orderliness by drawing, especially, for PTFE drawn at 327 °C. The orderliness of molecular arrangement along the drawn direction is also higher for PTFE drawn at 327 °C than those of PTFE drawn at 200 and 375 °C, respectively. Therefore, the intensity of covalent bond along drawn direction is higher. The shear resistance and the deformability of the material are greatly improved and the size of the wear breakage unit decreases, which results in a good tribological property for PTFE drawn at 327 °C.

SEM morphology of fractured surface perpendicular to the draw direction for PTFE drawn at 327 °C.     

有机试剂结构与性质的研究：Ⅻ.有机试剂的pKa与改进的Hammett方程

有机试剂的ｐＫａ是其重要物化参数，是有机试剂酸碱性的度量，直接决定配合物的稳定性。应用改进的Ｈａｍｍｅｔｔ方程处理取代基常数与ｐＫａ的关系，得到满意的结果。     

聚丙烯纤维水相异相接枝马来酸酐

本文研究了用水相异相法在聚丙烯纤维上接枝马来酸酐，用称重法测定接枝率，结果认为，随着反应中使用的马来酸酐和过硫酸铵浓度的提高，所得产物的接枝率显著提高，而反应温度和反应时间的影响则是开始随温度升高和时间延长接枝率上升，达到最大值后下降，在本实验中，各种反应条件下，都可以得到超过1．8％的接枝率。     

吉林省中小流域经验模型的应用探讨

由于中小河流水文站点多数都属于无资料站,所以用传统的经验相关或者流域水文模型有一定难度。吉林省水文水资源局水情预报中心的工作者根据多年预报经验总结提出吉林省中小流域经验模型。该方法主要依据流域特征以及降雨和洪峰流量的关系,推算流域产流;再根据时段降雨按照产流过程叠加处理,概化流量过程,进行洪水预报。属于产汇流一体的流量过程计算模型。     

TPR处理剂的研究

利用活性单体苯乙烯与氯丁橡胶、高苯乙烯热塑弹性体接枝聚合，所得产物稀释后用于ＴＰＲ（ＴｈｅｒｍａｌＰｌａｓｔｉｃＲｕｂｂｅｒ）粘接前的预处理，可明显提高剥离强度。     

浅谈浙江省涂料企业技工人才存在的问题及对策

对浙江省部分涂料企业技工人才现状及原因进行了分析,就企业如何培训和留住技工人才提出了一些对策和建议。     

微波合成阿司匹林的工艺研究

本论文采用微波方法合成阿司匹林，用无水碳酸钠作催化剂量，研究了微波在有机合成中的应用及其他加热原理。利用了交互的正交试验方法，在反应物配比、微波功率，辐射时间和催化剂用量这四个因素中寻找出最佳合成工艺条件，从而提高了阿司匹林的产率，实现了有效地利用微波技术促进有机合成反应。     

界面改性剂对PP/滑石粉形态结构和性能影响

用在50L固相接枝反应器中合成的等规聚丙烯接枝马来酸酐(PP-g—MAH)作界面改性剂，制备了PP—g—MAH／PP／滑石粉复合材料。研究了PP—g—MAH／PP／滑石粉复合材料的形态结构和力学性能。结果表明，PP—g—MAH对PP／滑石粉复合物的缺口冲击强度、弯曲强度和拉伸强度均有增强作用；PP—g—MAH对PP／滑石粉复合物表观粘度几乎没有影响。SEM观察发现PP—g—MAH对PP／滑石粉复合物相界面有明显的改善。     

新型光化学反应器及二氧化碳光解反应研究

研究设计了可产生波长小于200 nm真空紫外光的光化学反应器,首次利用该波段的光在该反应器中进行了CO2光解反应的研究。用氮气为发光介质对其进行光强标定,实验表明主要产生120、149、174 nm波长的光(N原子谱线);实验条件下CO2光解后生成产物CO,结果表明光源电流一定时产生CO的量与光源工作气体的压力有关,在CO2和N2反应物系中,光源内发光介质N2的压力在2 500 Pa左右时CO的产率最大,而在该反应物系中加入甲烷后,CO的产率明显增大。