稀散元素铼的分析进展

铼属于贵重稀散金属元素,铼的分析方法发展较快。本文综述了近年来国内外铼的分析进展,包括了矿样的分解、铼的分离富集以及铼的测定。     

吐哈盆地侏罗系层序地层格架的建立

吐哈盆地是一个陆相含 油气盆地,侏罗系是主要的勘探目的层。运用层序地层学的理论和方法,通过对露头剖面、钻井和地震等资料的综合研究,可将侏罗系划分为七个层序(SQi-SQ>)。层序SQ.相当于八道湾组和三工河组,SQ2相当于西山窑组一二三段,SQ3相当于西山窑组四段和三间房组-段,SQ4相当于三间房组二三段,SQ3、SQ6和SQ,分别相当于七克台组、齐古组和喀拉扎组。煤系烃源岩主要分布于层序SQ1和SQ2的基准面上升半旋回的上部,储集层主要发育在层序SQ1SQ2、SQ3、SQ4和SQs上升半旋回,层序SQ3、SQ4SQs下降半旋回和SQ6SQz层序是区域盖层发育的主要层位。     

Investigation of the elemental composition of surrogates of fuel-containing materials by nuclear microanalysis

Nuclear microanalysis was used to determine the elemental composition of individual components of the batch for synthesizing surrogates for the lava-like fuel-containing mass and to determine the composition of the surrogates themselves. The elemental composition of the surrogates obtained is compared with that of the real materials. Brown surrogates are found to contain uranium in amounts exceeding 8 mass %. It is found that the elemental composition of the surrogates is nonuniform in different sections of a slab; this could be an indication of incomplete melting of the batch components or the presence a temperature gradient in the heating facility. The decrease of the initial mass of the batch during vacuum melting is due to silicon, calcium, iron, and oxygen losses. __________ Translated from Atomnaya énergiya, Vol. 102, No. 4, pp. 245–248, April, 2007.     

Thermomechanical behavior of a viscoelastic finite circular cylinder under harmonic deformations

A coupled thermomechanical behavior of a finite viscoelastic cylinder under harmonic kinematic excitation at its ends is investigated. The method of superposition is utilized to determine the stress-strain state of the cylinder. A refined asymptotic technique is developed to find the stress-strain state at each point of the body including the corner. Stiffness characteristics are examined over a broad range of cylinder-geometry parameters. By use of known stress components the function for the dissipation rate is constructed and the temperature field of vibration heating is calculated by solving the appropriate heat-conduction boundary-value problem. For the case of strong temperature dependence of loss modulus the phenomenon of thermal instability is examined.     

The first original Russian class-III antiarrhythmic nibentan

The paper presents experimental and clinical findings of the new antiarrhythmic drug nibentan. The agent was found to be a class-III antiarrhythmic agent in terms of its electrophysiological effects and an inhibitor of the delayed rectifier potassium current in terms of its effects on the ionic channels of cardiomyocytes. The clinical trial of nibentan shows that the drug is highly effective (in 70-100% of cases) in patients with atrial flutter and fibrillation and in those with supraventricular tachycardia and it is less effective in suppressing ventricular premature contractions and tachycardia. The rate of arrhythmogenic effects produced by the drug was inversely related to its antiarrhythmic action. Nibentan has been approved for clinical use.     

The use of atomic-force microscopy for the analysis of microbiological objects

Atomic force microscopy (AFM) was used for the analysis of rickettsiae and viruses. The specificity of interaction was evaluated on the basis of the adsorption of the analyzed antigen on the polymer-antibody film. The film was formed and transferred onto highly oriented pyrolytic graphite (HOPG) by the method of Langmuir-Schaefer with the use of amphiphilic polymers, alkylated polyethyleneimines. According to the data of AFM, polymer-antibody film was 10-30 nm thick and had ruptures, uneven surface. AFM images of Coxiella burnetii, rotavirus and Venezuelan equine encephalitis virus, immunoadsorbed on the antibody film, were obtained. C.burnetii, due to their size equal to (700-900) x (300-500) x Z = 200 nm, were clearly visible on the underlying surface and could be directly counted. Individual virus particles (60-80 nm) cold not be identified on such surface. To analyze such preparations, the program of image analysis was developed. The program classified the registered image with a certain standard. This program determined the presence of virus antigen on the underlying affinity surface with a high degree of precision.     

Externally and internally controlled attention in infants: an EEG study

This work was designed to investigate EEG indices of Internally and Externally Controlled Attention in infancy. EEG was recorded in 15 infants aged 7-8 months under three experimental conditions: (1) visual attention to a new stimulation (Externally Controlled Attention or baseline condition); (2) attention guided by internal cognitive schemata during 'anticipatory' phase of the peek-a-boo game (Internally Controlled Attention); and (3) 'reappearance' phase of the peek-a-boo game when the experimenter talked and smiled to an infant (reappearance). The relative power (RP) in 4-5 single-Hz theta sub-band increased under both phases of the peek-a-boo game. The reactive changes of 4-5 single-Hz RP at prefrontal and frontal leads under the Internally Controlled Attention condition positively correlated with the total time during which an infant was able to maintain ICA. The RP in 5-6 single-Hz theta sub-band significantly increased only under the Internally Controlled Attention condition and did not correlate with the total time of this type of attention. The results support the concept of 'Diffuse Theta-Response System' that is active during expectancy and effortfully focused attention. In contrast to theta, the RP in 6-7, 7-8, and 8-9 single-Hz bands decreased during both phases of the game. The decrease was maximal at precentral leads and most probably reflected blockage of the sensorimotor (mu) rhythm due to higher motility and muscular tension in the game situation. It is concluded that EEG is an adequate vehicle for investigation of brain mechanisms of attention and voluntary control in infants.     

Short-latency auditory evoked potentials in infants with otitis media

Auditory brain-stem potential findings in 154 healthy infants and infants with different forms of middle-ear pathological conditions (306 ears) were indicative of the inflammatory process influence on the parameters of auditory reception in most cases. The changes in the waves' forms and intraoperative morphological findings in the middle ear were correlated. Objective audiometry allows definite determination of the middle ear trouble which is important in diagnosis of latent otitis in infants who are especially prone to this disease.