The classification of and identification methods for bifidobacteria and lactobacilli

Overall thirty-eight patients with exertional angina who had episodes of asymptomatic change of position of T-segment were examined. The above patients were divided into two groups: group I was placed on anaprilin treatment (80-120 mg daily), group II received corinfar (60 mg daily). Episodes of asymptomatic ischemia of the myocardium (AIM) showed two peaks in their 24 h-span occurrence, with the greatest number of these being recordable in early morning hours (from six a.m. to noon), somewhat less--within the time span 12 o'clock-0.6 p.m. Anaprilin monotherapy is more effective than corinfar monotherapy in respect to reduction of AIM episodes occurrences. However, corinfar, unlike anaprilin, prevented the appearance of the evening peak of episodes of "silent" ischemia.     

Expression of functionally active hyman cytochrome P-450c21 (CYPXXIA2) in Escherichia coli and single-stage purification of it using metal-affinity chromatography

Active human cytochrome P-450c21 was expressed in Escherichia coli and purified to homogeneity. To increase expression, cDNA encoding for the N-terminal fragment of cytochrome P-450c21 was modified. Four histidine codons were added to cDNA encoding for the C-terminus of the protein; thus, recombinant protein could have been rapidly and effectively purified by metal-affinity chromatography. Modified human cytochrome P-450c21 was expressed (40-50 nmoles/l of culture according to spectrophotometry) which was able to bind to bacterial membrane. Modifications of N- and C-terminal regions of cytochrome P-450c21 did not change Km and Vmax for hydroxylation of progesterone and 17 alpha-hydroxyprogesterone in reconstituted system. Recombinant cytochrome P-450c21 was purified to apparent homogeneity from Escherichia coli membrane extract by metal-affinity chromatography. Purified cytochrome P-450c21 migrates as a single 54 kD band on polyacrylamide gel and exhibits type I spectral changes during interaction with progesterone and 17 alpha-hydroxyprogesterone. Activity of purified cytochrome P-450c21 was reconstituted with mouse liver microsomal NADPH-cytochrome P-450-reductase and NADPH-regenerating system. Purified enzyme had Km 12.2 and 3.21 microM and Vmax 192.9 and 198 nmoles/min/nmole of P-450c21 for 17 alpha-hydroxyprogesterone and progesterone, respectively. According to titration spectra, dissociation constants for progesterone and 17 alpha-hydroxy-progesterone were 14.7 and 31.1 microM, respectively.     

白于山井区长4 5_2油组储层沉积微相研究

通过对构造背景、岩心、古生物特征、测井资料的综合分析,查明了鄂尔多斯盆地白于山井区长4 52油组的沉积特征和沉积微相的平面展布规律,认为白于山井区长4 52油组储集体发育的是一套三角洲前缘亚相砂体,其沉积微相可进一步划分为水下分流河道、河口砂坝、远砂坝和支流间湾微相。根据不同沉积微相的测井响应特征,研究了沉积相在平面上的分布特征,并总结出研究区的相层序。     

FECAL COLIFORM CONTAMINATION OF BEEF CARCASSES DURING THE SLAUGHTERING PROCESS

The purpose of this study was to determine the fecal coliform counts of beef carcasses during different stages in the slaughter process. A total of nine carcasses were selected at random in the abattoir. The samples were taken by excision from three different sites; rump, brisket and shoulder. The samples were collected from the same carcasses at four different stages of processing; after dressing, after evisceration, after washing and after chilling for 24 h in a chilling room. The processing steps did not increase the fecal coliform counts on the rump samples. There were no significant differences in the samples of rump and shoulder among different processing steps. The contamination level of the brisket after washing was significantly higher than other processing steps. Brisket and shoulder parts are critical points for microbiological sampling as these sites showed higher microbial counts after chilling steps. The data obtained have relevance for the planning of washing methods for the production of clean and safe carcasses.     

Anti-KS: identification of autoantibodies to asparaginyl-transfer RNA synthetase associated with interstitial lung disease

Autoantibodies to five of the aminoacyl-transfer RNA (tRNA) synthetases have been described, and each is associated with a syndrome of inflammatory myopathy with interstitial lung disease (ILD) and arthritis. Serum KS, from a patient with ILD and inflammatory arthritis without evidence of myositis, immunoprecipitated a tRNA that was distinct from that precipitated by any described anti-synthetase or other reported tRNA-related Abs, along with a protein of 65 kDa. KS serum and IgG fraction each showed significant (88%) inhibition of asparaginyl-tRNA synthetase (AsnRS) activity, but not of any of the other 19 aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase activities. Among 884 patients with connective tissue diseases tested, only two other sera were found to immunoprecipitate tRNAs and proteins of identical gel mobility. These two and KS showed identical immunodiffusion lines using HeLa cell extract. The new sera significantly inhibited AsnRS without significant effects on other synthetases tested. Both patients had ILD but neither had evidence of myositis. These data strongly suggest that these three sera have autoantibodies to AsnRS, representing a sixth anti-synthetase. Anti-KS was more closely associated with ILD than with myositis. Further study of this Abs might prove useful in dissecting the stimuli responsible for the genesis of anti-synthetase autoantibodies.     

L—DRA／A46冷冻机油的氧化安定性问题的解决及抗氧剂的筛选

L—DRA／A46冷冻机油是中油大港石化公司主要的润滑油品种之一。氧化安定性是L—DRA／A46冷冻机油的一项重要质量指标，但2005年4月份至2006年6月份，L—DRA／A46冷冻机油因为氧化后酸值和氧化后沉淀物过大而不合格。本文通过对油品性质和加工深度、抗氧剂的效果和品种的筛选及成品油调舍等几个方面对该问题进行了分析，找到了解决该问题的方法。     

Sharp, local synchrony among putative feed-forward inhibitory interneurons of rabbit somatosensory cortex

Many suspected inhibitory interneurons (SINs) of primary somatosensory cortex (S1) receive a potent monosynaptic thalamic input (thalamocortical SINs, SINstc). It has been proposed that nearly all such SINstc of a S1 barrel column (BC) receive excitatory synaptic input from each member of a subpopulation of neurons within the topographically aligned ventrobasal (VB) thalamic barreloid. Such a divergent and convergent network leads to several testable predictions: sharply synchronous activity should occur between SINstc of a BC, sharp synchrony should not occur between SINstc of neighboring BCs, and sharp synchrony should not occur between SINs or other neurons of the same BC that do not receive potent monosynaptic thalamic input. These predictions were tested by cross-correlating the activity of SINstc of the same and neighboring BCs. Correlations among descending corticofugal neurons of layer 5 (CF-5 neurons, identified by antidromic activation) and other neurons that receive little or no monosynaptic VB input also were examined. SINs were identified by a high-frequency (>600 Hz) burst of three or more spikes elicited by VB stimulation and had action potentials of short duration. SINstc were further differentiated by short synaptic latencies to electrical stimulation of VB thalamus (<1.7 ms) and to peripheral stimulation (<7.5 ms). The above predictions were confirmed fully. 1) Sharp synchrony (+/-1 ms) was seen between all SINstc recorded within the same BC (a mean of 4.26% of the spikes of each SINtc were synchronized sharply with the spikes of the paired SINtc). Sharp synchrony was not dependent on peripheral stimulation, was not oscillatory, and survived general anesthesia. Sharp synchrony was superimposed on a broader synchrony, with a time course of tens of milliseconds. 2) Little or no sharp synchrony was seen when CF-5 neurons were paired with SINstc or other neurons of the same BC. 3) Little or no sharp synchrony was seen when SINstc were paired with other SINstc located in neighboring BCs. Intracellular recordings obtained from three SINs in the fully awake state supported the assertion that SINs are GABAergic interneurons. Each of these cells met our extracellular criteria for identification as a SIN, each had a spike of short duration (0.4-0.5 ms), and each responded to a depolarizing current pulse with a nonadapting train of action potentials. These results support the proposed network linking VB barreloid neurons with SINstc within the topographically aligned BC. We suggest that sharp synchrony among SINstc results in highly synchronous inhibitory postsynpatic potentials (IPSPs)in the target neurons of these cells and that these summated IPSPs may be especially effective when excitatory drive to target cells is weak and asynchronous.     

The antioxidant properties of lycopene

The antioxidant properties of the carotenoid lycopene were compared in three different model oxidative systems. In egg yolk liposomes, in the presence of 2.5 mM FeSO4 and 200 mM ascorbate, lycopene, alpha-tocopherol, and beta-carotene inhibited the accumulation of lipid peroxidation products reacting with 2-thiobarbituric acid (TBARS) in a dose-dependent mode, with the concentration of half-inhibition being 80, 30 and 130 mM, respectively. In the liposomes subjected to illumination with a He-Ne laser (632.8 nm) at a dose of 10.5 J/cm2, in the presence of 32.5 micrograms/ml hematoporphyrin derivatives (Fotogem, NIOPIC, Russia) TBARS accumulated, and this effect was inhibited by lycopene, alpha-tocopherol, and dihydroquercetin with approximately equal efficiencies (the half-inhibition concentrations were 10(-5) mM). In both systems studied, sodium azide at a concentration of 10 mM inhibited the TBARS accumulation by no more than 20%. Apparently, the inhibitory action of not only alpha-tocopherol, but also beta-carotene and lycopene was the result of their antiradical action, rather than quenching of the singlet oxygen in an aqueous medium. The introduction of lycopene, as well as beta-carotene in liposomes subjected to Fe(2+)-induced lipid peroxidation decreased the chemiluminescence (CL) intensity at the stage of CL slow flash, with no essential influence on the lag period. These data suggest that the effect of lycopene on lipid peroxidation was the result of its interaction with free radicals rather than chelating ferrous ions. The antiradical activity of lycopene was also confirmed by the method of luminol photochemiluminescence (PCL). Lycopene increased the PCL lag period (L) and decreased the PCL amplitude (A), which implies its antiradical and SOD-like activity in this system.