Delayed hypersensitivity in the chronic cholera vibrio carrier state in animals with an absence of normal microflora

The development of allergy in germ-free rats in chronic vibriocarriership was studied. The formation of specific delayed type hypersensitivity was found to occur to a limited extent in the animals devoid of normal microflora. The picture of hyperergic inflammation was revealed in the lymph nodes of vibriocarrier rats, the test for specific allergen being positive.     

Erythroid colony formation (CFUe) in fetal liver and adult bone marrow and spleen from the mouse

The methyl cellulose modification of the CFUe technique has been applied to 14 day fetal liver and adult bone marrow and spleen from CBA/CA mice. Optimized doses of fetal calf serum, alpha-thioglycerol, erythropoietin and cell suspensions have been obtained from dose response curves in order to standardize the technique. The slopes of the erythropoietin and cell dose response curves indicate a greater sensitivity by fetal liver to the hormone than bone marrow or spleen. The proportion of cells in the DNA synthesis phase of the cell cycle, as measured by the CFUe technique, has been estimated by administering hydroxyurea. Two hours after the drug was injected, 89% of fetal liver cells, 71% of bone marrow cells and 81% of spleen cells were found to be in the S-phase.     

Fe304／Au复合纳米材料的制备及SERS研究

采用化学共沉淀法制备Fe3O4,通过对Fe3O4的表面处理后,将纳米金组装在Fe3O4表面,制备Fe3O4／Au复合磁性纳米材料。利用透射电子显微镜（TEM）对复合磁性纳米材料的形貌进行了表征,通过紫外一可见吸收光谱和拉曼光谱仪对磁性纳米材料的表面增强拉曼散射光谱进行表征研究,采用铷硼磁铁对磁性纳米材料的磁性进行初步研究。实验结果表明：复合磁性纳米颗粒既具有磁性又具有贵金属光谱特性;纳米金能很好地改善Fe3O4磁性纳米颗粒的表面增强拉曼散射活性。     

Modal method for conical diffraction on a rectangular slit metallic grating in a multilayer structure

The modal method is applied to the problem of conical diffraction on a rectangular slit metallic grating lying on an arbitrary multilayer medium. In the approximation of the surface impedance boundary condition on the grating walls, a single matrix equation is obtained, whose coefficients are expressed simply by the reflectivities on the different layers. A simple and comprehensive treatment is thus obtained for virtually any multilayer system. The method is illustrated for the case of a cavity formed by a planar metallic mirror and a grating, as well as the system formed by a doped layer with Drude susceptibility in a substrate below the grating. The method could be useful for the design of near- and far-infrared devices.     

Casein and gluten utilization by the body

The time-course of changes in casein and gluten utilization was elucidated in rats in 2 experiments lasting 52 and 84 days by means of determining the protein effectiveness coefficient (PEC). The PEC was measured every other 4 days. Casein utilization decreased continuously and almost rectilinearly, whereas gluten utilization first rose (adaptation) and then descended (deadaptation). It is concluded that the time-course of changes in utilization of unbalanced wheat protein is linked not only with restitution of the enzymatic systems but also with mobilization and depletion of the reserve possibilities of the body.     

Effect of different matrices on probiotic resistance to in vitro simulated gastrointestinal conditions

In this study, we evaluated the effect of different matrices (MRS, milk and milk with inulin) on the tolerance of probiotic strains (Lactobacillus acidophilus La‐5 and Bifidobacterium animalis subsp. lactis BB‐12) to simulated conditions similar to those found in the gastrointestinal tract. Both probiotic strains demonstrated a significantly lower viability after exposure to in vitro gastric and intestinal conditions, and B. animalis subsp. lactis BB‐12 showed higher survival during the test compared to L. acidophilus La‐5 in all tested matrices. Milk and inulin protected probiotics from in vitro gastrointestinal stress. These results suggest that it is critical to formulate the food matrix to be used as probiotic carrier.     

11号花园 小心地触摸

现在,大自然面临着日益增多的潜在威胁,这个脆弱的花园邀请您小心地触摸各种植物。我们不清楚未来将给我们带来什么,也不了解我们未来的生活将会是怎样。是否一直都有大自然、森林生存的地方？是否我们要建造的每一栋房子都有一个小花园？是否我们应该相信媒体试图让我们相信的,一切都将越来越好、更快捷、更便利。     

Chemical composition and mineral content of goat milk from four indigenous Portuguese breeds in relation to one foreign breed

Raw goat milk samples from Saanen and indigenous Portuguese breeds were analysed for gross composition, minerals and trace elements. Mean results revealed that some distinction could be seen for the Serrana breed. A significant geographical difference (P < 0.05) between Serrana herds was also observed. Generally, milk from Saanen did not differ significantly (P > 0.05) from that of the indigenous Portuguese breeds. Multivariate analysis showed that goat breeds could be divided into two groups, the ones reared mainly inland and those reared towards the coast. Potentially toxic elements were not detected.