A preclinical study of the effect of the animal polysaccharide chonsurid on reparative osteogenesis of the jaws

Experimental studies making use of morphological and x-ray methods demonstrated that in comparison with control (filling of mandibular bone defects with blood clots) chonsuride, an animal polysaccharide, promoted earlier filling of postoperative bone cavities with connective tissue replacement of this tissue with coarse-fiber bone tissue. Secondary restructuring and mineralization of bone regenerate were enhanced as well.     

The NS gene--a possible determinant of apathogenicity of a cold-adapted donor of attenuation A /Leningrad/134/47/57 and its reassortants

Phenotypical properties of single-gene reassortants of attenuated cold-adapted strain A/Leningrad/135/47/57 (H2N2) and strain A/PR8/34 virulent for laboratory animals were studied. Only the group of reassortants inheriting NS gene from cold-adapted virus was fully attenuated for various animals species, similarly as reassortants with 6/2 genomic formula containing all the 6 internal protein genes from strain A/Leningrad/134/47/57. Reassortant 25A-1 single-gene for NS was temperature-sensitive (ts) on mammalian cells but formed plaques at 40 degrees C on chicken kidney cells. Reassortants with genomic formula 6/2 were temperature-sensitive in all types of cells used. Reassortant 25A-1 could synthesize normal amounts of polypeptides in MDCK cells at 39 degrees C, whereas protein synthesis of reassortants with 6/2 genomic formula was noticeably reduced at this temperature. Hence, a similar level of attenuation of both reassortant groups appears to be due to various molecular mechanisms. Possible role of NS2 gene mutation in attenuation of strain A/Leningrad/134/47/57 and its reassortants is discussed.     

The relationship of the restriction fragment length polymorphism of the apo-B gene to the blood lipid spectrum in patients with ischemic heart disease

Restriction fragment length polymorphism of the apo-B gene at the Xbal restriction site was detected. The association between RFLP of the apo-B gene and the level of lipid metabolism indices was revealed. The levels of total cholesterol LDLP CH and atherogenicity coefficient were significantly higher in homozygotes with this restriction site (X2X2) than in homozygotes X1X1 and heterozygotes.     

Correlation of the risk factors and stomach cancer morbidity in men and women

A comparative analysis is given of the gastric cancer incidence in the Tjumen Province for a period of 1959--1973. There was noted a direct dependence between the rate and number of risk factors (the complexes of unfavourable factors) in males and females. A conclusion is made that a higher incidence rate (1.7 times more) of gastric cancer among males may be attributed to the complexes of infavourable factors to which they are subject to a greater extent, 1.7 times as often as females, (mainly to bad habits) but not to biological features of the organism. Elimination of these harmful effects on the body would lessen the risk of this affection.     

Characterization and Analysis of Tetranitrate Esters

Thermal behaviors, vapor pressures, densities, and drop weight impact results, as well as analytical protocols, are reported for three tetranitrate esters: erythritol tetranitrate (ETN), 1,4‐dinitrato‐2,3‐dinitro‐2,3bis(nitratomethylene) butane (DNTN), and pentaerythritol tetranitrate (PETN). ETN and DNTN both melt below 100 °C and have ambient vapor pressures comparable to TNT. While LC/MS was shown to be a viable technique for analysis of all three tetranitrate esters, only ETN was successfully analyzed by GC/MS. Performance of these nitrate esters as evaluated in lab using the small‐scale explosivity device (SSED) suggested RDX≫DNTN>PETN>ETN. Detonation velocities were calculated using Cheetah 6.0. Since the starting material is now widely available, it is likely that law enforcement will find ETN in future improvised explosive devices. This paper with its analytical schemes should prove useful in identification of this homemade explosive.     

Intrinsic stress, mismatch strain, and self-assembly during deposition of thin films subjected to an externally applied force

A relation is derived between the mismatch strain, the film thickness, and the displacement of a linear elastic structure under external loading during material deposition. If any two of these variables can be experimentally determined, then the remaining variable can be determined. The method allows one to experimentally determine the mismatch strain by measuring the film thickness and the displacement of a point on the structure that is not undergoing deposition. The intrinsic stresses can be used to self-assemble microstructures during material deposition. Assembly of two components is considered: one component is subjected to deposition and is modeled as an Euler-Bernoulli beam, and the other component is not subjected to deposition and is modeled as a linear spring. For the purposes of this paper, the definition of assembly requires that the beam do work on the spring. The analysis is experimentally verified by electroplating nickel onto an AFM cantilever beam in contact with a second AFM beam (serving as the spring) that does not undergo deposition. This paper was recommended for publication in revised form by Associate Editor Maenghyo Cho Sang-Hyun Kim obtained his B. S. (1993) and M.S. (1995) degrees in Aerospace Engineering from Pusan Nation University and Ph.D. (2005) in Aerospace Engineering from Texas A&M University. After getting Ph.D., he joined Micro Systems Lab. at Samsung Advanced Institute of Technology (SAIT) and worked in the field of MEMS designs, especially microsensors, microactuator and inkjet print head. He is currently working as a faculty member in Mechanical Systems Engineering at Hansung University. His research interest lies in design, fabrication and test of MEMS/NEMS. He is also interested in the development of design platform of multi-physics and multiscale phenomena.